Actual problems encountered in the 50-year development of water management and their coverage by the journal

Conclusions During the journal's 50-yr existence, it has shed light on a broad circle of problems associated with water management. As it developed and new problems were put forth by construction practice, the subject matter of papers was expanded, and many questions received a more profound and comprehensive coverage.In the modern stage of the development of our country's water-conservation construction, the journal should, together with traditional problems, focus more attention on questions of territorial flow redistribution, measures for protecting water resources from depletion and pollution, and measures for increasing the effectiveness of both reservoirs and natural water bodies due to their engineering layout; in all cases, the ecological and economic aspects of problems associated with water management should receive broader coverage.Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 11, pp. 36–39, November, 1981.     

Results of Predictive Fokker?CPlanck Modelling of NBI Deuterons in ITER

First an analytical formalism is presented for calculating the source distribution of ions generated by neutral beam injection (NBI) in tokamak plasmas. A general NBI ion source term, applicable to studies in the phase space up to 6 dimensions, is provided for neutral beams with finite thickness and divergence. Further, using this source term for the envisaged NBI in ITER, we carry out 3D Fokker?CPlanck modelling of the steady-state deuteron distribution function of NBI produced fast deuterons relaxing on bulk plasma components. For two basic ITER scenarios we demonstrate the poloidal profiles of the beam deuteron density, of the NBI generated current as well as of the NBI power deposition to bulk electrons and ions. Further, we evaluate the capability of gamma and NPA diagnostics of NBI ions in ITER and demonstrate the sensitivity of the distributions of NBI generated ions to different ITER operation scenarios.