Evaluation of mathematical equations to predict the theoretical yield of Chilean Gouda cheese

This study was performed to obtain an adequate tool for predicting the yield of Chilean Gouda cheese. The theoretical yields were calculated by applying equations derived from technical references to industrial cheese production and were compared with their own actual yields, thus selecting those equations showing the best correlation with the actual yield.
The manufacturing and ripening of the cheese were controlled through the chemical composition of milk, whey and cheese, and the weight of the product before and after ripening was recorded.
The actual and theoretical yield values derived from each formula were compared using the mean yield graphs. Furthermore, the global concordance coefficient ( W ) of Kendall and Smith was also applied, showing the lack of significant discrepancy between actual and theoretical yield values [ P  > 0.01 ( W  = 27; W ≥  18.48)] for either 3- or 30-day cheeses. Out of the 11 formulae used to measure the yield of cheese, six showing a good correlation between the yields were selected through the comparison of error sums and Pearson correlation analysis. However, two formulae showed the best yield results for practical use.     

Use of Invariant Combinations of Parameters Characterizing Acoustic Emission in Diagnostics of Prefracture States of Solids

The paper is devoted to the diagnostics of solids based on deviations of invariant combinations of measured acoustic-emission (AE) parameters from their stable values. Introduction of an informative AE parameter susceptible to transitions between stages of aw generation has been justified. The method of sampling of an AE flow by selecting each mth pulse yields little information because it records Erlang's flow, which is notably different from the input flow of signals.     

Phase transformations in highly disperse powders during their rapid heating and cooling

Phase transformations in particles of ultrafine powders of graphite, hexagonal boron nitride, and quartz during rapid heating and cooling by passage through a laser beam were investigated. A continuous infrared laser with a wavelength of 10.6 μm was used as a heat source through which the powders were recycled several times. Methods of concentrating the product phases are described. Particles of diamond, carbides, cubic boron nitride, koesite and stishovite were obtained in the mixed products.     

Analytic approach to the computation of the temperature distribution in multilayer structures under heating by cw scanning laser radiation

By using integral transform methods, an approach is developed to the solution of a problem on the temprature distribution in multilayer structures heated by cw scanning laser radiation, with phase transitions in the layers taken into account.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 53, No. 6, pp. 1000–1010, December, 1987.     

Electrical and magnetic properties of lithium borate glass containing iron

Journal of Materials Science Letters -     

Natural convection from a semi-infinite flat plate inclined at a small angle to the horizontal in a saturated porous medium

Summary The free convection boundary layer on a semi-infinite heated flat plate which is inclined at a small angle to the horizontal in a saturated porous medium is considered. When the plate is inclined upwards, series solutions, one valid near the leading edge and the other valid at large distances from it, are obtained. Sufficient terms in the leading edge solution are taken so that the two asymptotic solutions may be joined. When the plate is inclined downwards the series solution valid near the leading edge is again obtained and sufficient terms are again employed to investigate the nature of the boundary layer separation. There is no evidence of a singularity at the separation point and a mathematical explanation of the behaviour at separation is presented.With 10 Figures     

TMAOase Activity of European Hake (Merluccius merluccius) Organs: Influence of Biological Condition and Season

ABSTRACT: Trimethylamine N-oxide demethylase (TMAOase) activity of several internal organs of hake were studied for 2 consecutive y. The correlation between enzymatic activity and season of year, sex, weight, and length were analyzed. While kidney and spleen showed the highest activities, liver, heart, bile, and gall bladder activities were much lower, and in some cases they were below the detection limit. A correlation between TMAOase activity of kidney and season was found. During winter and spring (February to May), the months matching the spawning peak, high activities were detected, while in summer months the activity level was lower. TMAOase activity in the rest of the organs did not seem to have a seasonal influence. Keywords: TMAOase, season, biological condition, hake, soluble protein