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81.
Marie Hurtgen Antoine Debuigne Didier Gigmes Christine Jérôme Christophe Detrembleur 《Polymer》2012,53(20):4353-4358
The grafting mechanism of poly(vinyl acetate) macroradicals prepared by cobalt-mediated radical polymerization onto C60 is investigated. The experimental conditions directly impact the nature and stability of the PVAc/C60 adducts. In the presence of residual initiating radicals that can compete with PVAc° macroradicals for addition onto C60, mixtures of PVAc/C60 adducts having between one and eight polymer chains per C60 are formed. PVAc/C60 adducts prepared with low [PVAc]:[C60] ratios may contain weak C60–C60 bonds that further dissociate and account for the instability of the products. The formation of such dimers can be lessened by increasing the temperature from 30 °C to 100 °C. The temperature increase also allows a complete dissociation of the PVAc-Co dormant species into PVAc° macroradicals and an almost quantitative grafting of eight PVAc chains onto C60, leading to well-defined C60(PVAc)8 octa-adducts. These results might shed new light on the grafting onto C60 of macroradicals prepared by other CRP techniques. 相似文献
82.
The growth, capacitance and frequency response of vertically-oriented graphenes grown by radio frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition on nickel substrates and used as electrodes in electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) are presented. The graphenes grown on the grain boundary of substrates show a faster growth rate, but less ordered structure than in the center of the nickel grain. At a few nanometers away from the grain boundaries the graphenes grow vertically at the rate of 70–80 nm per minute. The film height increased linearly with growth time from 700 nm (10 min sample) to 3.1 μm (40 min sample). Raman spectra show that the intensity ratio of the D band to G band gradually decreased with growth time to a value of 0.5, indicating that the crystalline order of the graphene increases with height. The specific capacitance of symmetric, parallel plate EDLC devices fabricated with these films was found to increase in a linear fashion with growth time up to values greater than 120 μF/cm2 at 1 kHz. An impedance phase angle of ?45° was reached at 30 kHz. Specific capacitance normalized to growth height suggests that mechanisms other than double layer charge storage on planar surface area were operative. 相似文献
83.
Arvin Eskandari Marie Flamme Dr. Zhiyin Xiao Dr. Kogularamanan Suntharalingam 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2020,21(19):2854-2860
We report the anti-osteosarcoma and anti-osteosarcoma stem cell (OSC) properties of a nickel(II) complex, 1 . Complex 1 displays similar potency towards bulk osteosarcoma cells and OSCs, in the micromolar range. Notably, 1 displays similar or better OSC potency than the clinically approved platinum(II) anticancer drugs cisplatin and carboplatin in two- and three-dimensional osteosarcoma cell cultures. Mechanistic studies revealed that 1 induces osteosarcoma cell death by necroptosis, an ordered form of necrosis. The nickel(II) complex, 1 triggers necrosome-dependent mitrochondrial membrane depolarisation and propidium iodide uptake. Interestingly, 1 does not evoke necroptosis by elevating intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) or hyperactivation of poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP-1). ROS elevation and PARP-1 activity are traits that have been observed for established necroptosis inducers such as shikonin, TRAIL and glutamate. Thus the necroptosis pathway evoked by 1 is distinct. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report into the anti-osteosarcoma and anti-OSC properties of a nickel complex. 相似文献
84.
Zhiyuan Jiang Peng Liu Qihui Chen Hung-Jue Sue Tim Bremner Lorenzo P. DiSano 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2020,137(33):48966
Interest in developing high-performance blends for niche applications has grown significantly in efforts to meet ever-increasing harsh environment demands. In this work, four model poly(aryl-ether-ketone)/polybenzimidazole (PAEK/PBI) blends were chosen to study the influence of premixing methods, processing, and matrix polymers, on their mechanical properties. Among the model poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) and PBI blends, mechanical properties are greatly enhanced by melt premixing. The molding process mainly affects the matrix crystallinity, which in turn greatly influences fracture toughness of the blend. Poly(ether ketone ketone) (PEKK) and PBI blend exhibits a slightly lower tensile strength and fracture toughness than PEEK/PBI due to the differences in inherent properties of PEEK and PEKK matrices and their interfacial interaction with PBI. The processing−structure–property relationship of PAEK/PBI blends is established to help guide optimal design of high-performance polymer blends for structural applications. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48966. 相似文献
85.
Antoine Debuigne Marie HurtgenChristophe Detrembleur Christine JérômeChristopher Barner-Kowollik Thomas Junkers 《Progress in Polymer Science》2012,37(7):1004-1030
The current review focuses on the relevance and practical benefit of interpolymer radical coupling methods. The latter are developing rapidly and constitute a perfectly complementary macromolecular engineering toolbox to the controlled radical polymerization techniques (CRP). Indeed, all structures formed by CRP are likely to be prone to radical coupling reactions, which multiply the available synthetic possibilities. Basically, the coupling systems can be divided in two main categories. The first one, including the atom transfer radical coupling (ATRC), silane radical atom abstraction (SRAA) and cobalt-mediated radical coupling (CMRC), relies on the recombination of macroradicals produced from a dormant species. The second one, including atom transfer nitroxide radical coupling (ATNRC), single electron transfer nitroxide radical coupling (SETNRC), enhanced spin capturing polymerization (ESCP) and nitrone/nitroso mediated radical coupling (NMRC), makes use of a radical scavenger in order to promote the conjugation of the polymer chains. More than a compilation of macromolecular engineering achievements, the present review additionally aims to emphasize the particularities, synthetic potential and present limitations of each system. 相似文献
86.
Y Lee SA Lee JY Choi M Song H Sung S Joen SK Park KY Yoo DY Noh SH Ahn D Kang 《Nutrition journal》2012,11(1):59
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The 5-year survival rate for breast cancer among Korean women has increased steadily; however, breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality among women. One-carbon metabolism, which requires an adequate supply of methyl group donors and B vitamins, may affect the prognosis of breast cancer. This aim of this study was to investigate the associations of dietary intake of vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and folate before diagnosis on the prognosis of breast cancer. METHODS: We assessed the dietary intake using a food frequency questionnaire with 980 women who were newly diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed to have primary breast cancer from hospitals in Korea, and 141 disease progression events occurred. Cox's proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) adjusting for age, education, recruitment sites, TNM stage, hormone status, nuclear grade and total calorie. RESULTS: There was no significant association between any one-carbon metabolism related nutrients (vitamin B2, B6 and folate) and the progression of breast cancer overall. However, one-carbon metabolism related nutrients were associated with disease progression in breast cancer patients stratified by subtypes. In ER + and/or PR + breast cancers, no association was observed; however, in ER--/PR-- breast cancers, a high intake of vitamin B2 and folate statistically elevated the HR of breast cancer progression (HR = 2.28; 95% CI, 1.20-4.35, HR = 1.84; 95% CI, 1.02-3.32, respectively) compared to a low intake. This positive association between the ER/PR status and progression of the disease was profound when the nutrient intakes were categorized in a combined score (Pinteraction = 0.018). In ER--/PR-- breast cancers, high combined scores were associated with a significantly poor DFS compared to those belonging to the low score group (HR = 3.84; 95% CI, 1.70-8.71). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our results suggest that one-carbon related nutrients have a role in the prognosis of breast cancer depending on the ER/PR status. 相似文献
87.
Farnier K Bengtsson M Becher PG Witzell J Witzgall P Manduríc S 《Journal of chemical ecology》2012,38(6):795-801
Potato cyst nematodes (PCNs) are a major pest of solanaceous crops such as potatoes, tomatoes, and eggplants and have been widely studied over the last 30 years, with the majority of earlier studies focusing on the identification of natural hatching factors. As a novel approach, we focused instead on chemicals involved in nematode orientation towards its host plant. A new dual choice sand bioassay was designed to study nematode responses to potato root exudates (PRE). This bioassay, conducted together with a traditional hatching bioassay, showed that biologically active compounds that induce both hatching and attraction of PCNs can be collected by water extraction of incised potato roots. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that PCN also were attracted by potato root volatiles. Further work is needed to fully understand how PCNs use host plant chemical cues to orientate towards hosts. Nevertheless, the simple attraction assay used in this study provides an important tool for the identification of host-emitted attractants. 相似文献
88.
Jonas Amft Philipp M. Meissner Anja Steffen-Heins Mario Hasler Heiko Stöckmann Anne Meynier Lucie Birault Joaquín Velasco Ann Vermoesen Ines Perez-Portabella Blanca Prió Tito Porcellana Emanuele Forte Betül Yesiltas Donny Merkx Marie Hennebelle Jianli Wang John van Duynhoven Sonia Losada-Barreiro Carlos Bravo-Diaz Claudio Bernal Helena Abramovič María J. Manzanos Andrea Martínez-Yusta Bárbara Nieva-Echevarría María D. Guillén Sarah Frühwirth Marc Pignitter Rafał Wołosiak Dorota Derewiaka Marlene Costa Fátima Paiva-Martins Charlotte Jacobsen Karin Schwarz 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2023,125(10):2300067
Accelerated storage tests are frequently used to assess the oxidative stability of foods and related systems due to its reproducibility. Various methods and experimental conditions are used to measure lipid oxidation. Differences between laboratories make it necessary to determine the repeatability and reproducibility of oxidation tests performed under the same conditions. The objective of the present interlaboratory study was to evaluate the outcome of a storage test for two different bulk oils, sunflower oil (SFO) and rapeseed oil (RSO), during a period of 9 weeks at 20°C, 30°C, 40°C, and 60°C. Sixteen laboratories were provided with bottled oils and conducted the storage tests according to a detailed protocol. Lipid oxidation was monitored by the formation of conjugated dienes (CD) and the activation energy (Ea) was determined for comparative purposes and statistically evaluated. An increase in CD formation was observed for both oils when the storage temperature was increased in all laboratories. The Ea,1 ranged from 47.9 to 73.3 kJ mol−1 in RSO and from 27.8 to 62.6 kJ mol−1 in SFO, with average values of 58.2 and 46.8 kJ mol−1, respectively. The reproducibility coefficients were 10.9% and 18.2% for RSO and SFO, respectively. Practical applications: In order to compare results on oxidative stability of foods derived from different studies, the reproducibility of storage tests and methods employed to evaluate the oxidation level should be considered. This study provides fundamental data on the reproducibility of lipid oxidation under accelerated storage conditions and defines important parameters to be considered for the conduction of experiments. 相似文献
89.
We have studied the effect of the amount Φc of a reactive compatibilizer on the rheological properties of a polyethylene/polyamide blend, under steady shear and transient extensional flows. Here, we propose to describe the viscosity η(γ) and the first normal stress coefficient γ1(γ) using a Carreau‐type power‐law model, which is a three‐parameter model. A single model is sufficient to express the behavior of γ1(γ) On the other hand, the complete η(γ) curve is described by the superposition of two Carreau models, in relation to the presence of two relaxation mechanisms. Moreover, the extentional viscosity ηE(?), estimated using the end pressure drop observed in capillary flow experiments, is expressed by a two‐parameter power‐law model. 相似文献
90.
Marie L. Borum Kathleen L. Shehan Hans Fromm Saleem Jahangeer Marianne K. Floor Oliver Alabaster 《Lipids》1992,27(12):999-1004
The effect and possible interactive influence of different dietary amounts of wheat bran, fat and calcium on the fecal excretion,
concentration and composition of bile acids was studied in Fischer-344 rats. The fecal bile acids were analyzed using gas-liquid
chromatography. Dietary wheat bran increased both total bile acid excretion and fecal weight without changes in fecal bile
acid concentration. The proportion of fecal hyodeoxycholic acid decreased with increasing dietary fiber, whereas that of lithocholic
and deoxycholic acids increased significantly with fiber intake. The percent content of fecal chenodeoxycholic acid did not
change. Increasing dietary fat led to an increase in bile acid excretion without changes in either fecal weight or bile acid
concentration. In contrast, the level of dietary calcium did not affect the total excretion of bile acids. However, since
calcium increased the fecal weight, it consequently diluted bile acids and decreased their fecal concentration. Dietary fat
and calcium had no influence on fecal bile acid composition. There were no interactive effects of wheat bran, fat and calcium
on fecal bile acids. The finding in this study that dietary fiber, fat and calcium induce significant changes in fecal bile
acids may be of relevance to the potential of bile acids to promote carcinogenesis. 相似文献