SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NAD(P)H-DEPENDENT LIPID PEROXIDATION SYSTEM IN THE MICROSOMAL FRACTION OF CHICKEN BREAST MUSCLE

Incubation of the microsomal fraction isolated from chicken breast muscle in the presence of NADPH, ADP and Fe⁺⁺⁺ ions was shown to result in lipid peroxidation. NADH was able to replace NADPH as the source of reducing equivalents but was less efficient. The pH optimum for malonaldehyde (MDA) production was found to be around pH 6. 7. Oxygen uptake by the system was shown to have a pH optimum of 5.5. Oxygen uptake was approximately linearly dependent on temperature but malonaldehyde production exhibited a sharp increase between 25°C and 37°C. Inhibitor studies and the virtual absence of cytochromes indicate that this system is not similar to that isolated from rat liver microsomes. The activity of the lipid peroxidation system was maintained after storage for 7 days at pH 7.25 and 4°C. At pH 5.6 a reduction in activity was noted after 7 days.     

Mise-en-Scène—Design Research Through Multiple Lenses

Mise-en-Scène is a design research project in the form of a book that expands the ways in which we think about the creative roles of publication and communication, and about our connections as a discipline to the issues and world around us. Taking from its title, Mise-en-Scène is an arrangement of the actors and sceneries that constitute our cities and lives. This project is characterized by four features. Communication—Distinct from a design monograph, Mise-en-Scène is a collaboration between landscape architect Chris Reed and photojournalist Mike Belleme, directed towards a general audience. Arrangement—An arrangement of photographs, drawings, models, sketches, essays, literary excerpts, and community engagement quotes from designers, activists, and ecologists, offering greater multiplicity to the narrative and provoking new associations across cities, projects, and experiences. Perspective—A reflection of how Stoss Landscape Urbanism observes, investigates, and engages with our urban landscapes. Opportunity—Mise-en-Scène puts forth a new model of integrating interdisciplinary perspectives, as well as public audiences, within the formation of design research. Built and speculative works, from Reed and the practice of Stoss, spatialize how these conditions coalesce—whether at the scale of a bench or the entirety of the city fabric. And through a foregrounding of human connection, rather than design, Belleme’s photography elucidates both the quotidian and fantastical occupation of these urban landscapes.     

Maturity Effects on Sensory and Storage Quality of Roasted Virginia-Type Peanuts

Virginia-type peanuts from two yrs were studied to determine differences in sensory and storage characteristics of five mesocarp-color based maturity classes. Peanuts were roasted, stored at 37°C, and sampled over 12 wk to evaluate flavor and oil. Higher intensities of roasted peanutty and sweet and lower painty flavors were found in the most mature classes. Painty increased more quickly in immature classes. Oxidative stability and fatty acid profiles indicated this change. Immature peanuts had lower flavor impact and deteriorated faster. Distributions at progressive harvest dates indicated more immature peanuts in the Extra Large Kernel grade at early harvest. Variability in sensory characteristics of maturity classes and changes in their distribution in size-based commercial grades indicate a high potential for maturity related flavor variation between lots.     

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED IN‐LINE VISCOMETERS ON NEWTONIAN AND SHEAR‐THINNING FLUIDS*

Three commercial instruments for in‐line process measurement of fluid viscosity (an oscillating sphere viscometer, a tube viscometer and a coaxial cylinder viscometer) were evaluated using a Newtonian (60% sucrose) and two shear‐thinning fluids (0.5% xanthan gum and 2% hydroxypropyl methylcellu‐lose). The oscillating sphere viscometer required little or no calibration to measure the viscosity of Newtonian fluids. Otherwise, when compared to results given by analytical off‐line rheometry, the in‐line viscometers were found to be grossly inaccurate in predicting viscosity. A methodology is presented to correct the flow curves generated by each in‐line instrument such that the output measurements are consistent with that given by off‐line rheometry. Additional characteristics of each instrument that should be considered when choosing an instrument for in‐line process application are presented.     

A Pilot UK Evaluation of a Rapid Defined Substrate Method for Enumeration of Total Coliforms and Escherichia coli in Water

A simple rapid method for determining total coliforms and Escherichia coli in drinking water was evaluated in a preliminary pilot-scale study at three independent laboratories by comparison with the standard membrane filtration technique. No significant difference was found between the two methods.
The method is based on defined substrate technology. It gives confirmed results within 24 h and requires only limited equipment. It was considered particularly suitable for weekend and emergency use and for on-site testing at remote sampling points.     

Multiple Coloration of Carpets in Piece Form

The three main methods of producing multicolour patterns on carpet piece, other than by conventional printing, are reviewed under the general classification of:

• 1 Winch dy eing of carp ets composed of producer– or dyer–modified yarns.
• 2 The application of multicolour dye streams, continuously or intermittently, under continuous–processing conditions.
• 3 Transfer of patterns from suitably impregnated papers.

Process requirements and limitations are discussed in general terms.     

Elastic Moduli of Refractory Spinels

Elastic moduli of spinel phases in the system Mg(Al, Cr, Fe)₂O₁ were determined from sonic analyses of porous, polycrystalline specimens prepared by hot-pressing. A special iterative least-squares technique (ILS) and standard curve-fitting techniques were used to obtain moduli at zero porosity by extrapolation. A minimal standard error of estimate was achieved in all cases by using an exponential form for the porosity dependence and the ILS technique. Moduli were checked for self-consistency. Extrapolated moduli for MgAl₂O₁ agreed well with respective moduli calculated from single-crystal elastic constants and Birch's law. Longitudinal and shear sound velocities decreased with increasing phase density in the solid-solution systems and systematics indicate that elastic moduli of arbitrary solid solutions can be estimated to lt; ± 10% from the phase density.     

An applied model for the facilities design problem

A model ia described which can be used to assist in the design of a facility, where the facilities design includes the selection of the materials handling system and the placement of departments within the facility. The model is entitled COFAD, an acronym representing Computerized FAcilities Design. COFAD selects the facilities design which approaches the minimal materials handling system cost. The input requirements and the utilization of COFAD are demonstrated via an example problem. Although it is shown that the model results in good solutions, due to the complexity of the design problem, no claim of optimality can be made.     

Analytical Expressions for the Heat Capacities of Alkali Silicate Liquids

The available thermochemical data for silicate liquids and glasses indicate that the customary assumption of heat-capacity additivity is not valid, particularly for liquid silicates near 1000 K. Estimates are obtained for the heat capacities of KO_0.3-SiO₂, NaO_0.3-SiO₂, and CaO-SiO₂ liquids. The excess heat capacity of mixing of alkali silicates at 1000 K is:
in units of cal mol⁻¹ K⁻¹. Analytical expressions are given for C ^e_p for KO_0.5-NaO_0.5-SiO₂ and NaO_0.3-CaO-SiO₂ liquids at 900 to 1800 K.     

Characterization and Sintering Behavior of Ba and Sr Ferrites

Barium oxide is essentially insoluble in BaO·6Fe₂O₃, and the nominal compositions BaO·5.5Fe₂O₃, and SrO·5.5Fe₂O₃ used commercially may consist of the 1:6 phase and, respectively, one and two minor phases. Compacts formed by mechanical pressure filtration in a magnetic field are characterized by oriented aggregates of platy particles with planar faces and planar and curved edges. The preferred growth of faces and especially larger faces with curved edges leads to fewer edge-face-edge contacts and to a greater degree of collective orientation.