A Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitor, 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) Urea,Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential FAs for human health. Cytochrome P450 oxygenates PUFAs to produce anti-inflammatory and pain-resolving epoxy fatty acids (EpFAs) and other oxylipins whose epoxide ring is opened by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH/Ephx2), resulting in the formation of toxic and pro-inflammatory vicinal diols (dihydroxy-FAs). Pharmacological inhibition of sEH is a promising strategy for the treatment of pain, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, and other conditions. We tested the efficacy of a potent, selective sEH inhibitor, 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU), in an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Prophylactic TPPU treatment significantly ameliorated EAE without affecting circulating white blood cell counts. TPPU accumulated in the spinal cords (SCs), which was correlated with plasma TPPU concentration. Targeted lipidomics in EAE SCs and plasma identified that TPPU blocked production of dihydroxy-FAs efficiently and increased some EpFA species including 12(13)-epoxy-octadecenoic acid (12(13)-EpOME) and 17(18)-epoxy-eicosatrienoic acid (17(18)-EpETE). TPPU did not alter levels of cyclooxygenase (COX-1/2) metabolites, while it increased 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) and other 12/15-lipoxygenase metabolites. These analytical results are consistent with sEH inhibitors that reduce neuroinflammation and accelerate anti-inflammatory responses, providing the possibility that sEH inhibitors could be used as a disease modifying therapy, as well as for MS-associated pain relief.     

人肝肿瘤细胞中霉酚酸II相代谢特征研究

目的: 研究和比较体内外肝肿瘤细胞和正常肝细胞II相代谢特征。方法: 采用体外培养人肝肿瘤细胞株与正常人肝细胞株、临床来源肝肿瘤组织与肿瘤旁组织,检测UGT1A9的基因与蛋白水平表达,以霉酚酸为模型药物、HPLC法定量测定霉酚酸及其葡萄糖醛酸结合物,考察霉酚酸在上述细胞和组织微粒体中的代谢强弱,分析肝肿瘤细胞与正常肝细胞中II相代谢酶UGT1A9的功能与差异。结果: 体外培养人肝肿瘤细胞HepG₂和临床来源人肝细胞瘤组织中UGT1A9表达分别高于正常人肝细胞L-O2和人肝肿瘤癌旁组织,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。然而人肝肿瘤细胞HepG₂和人肝肿瘤组织对霉酚酸的代谢能力远低于人正常肝细胞L-O2和人肝肿瘤癌旁组织(P<0.05)。结论: 人肝肿瘤细胞与临床来源人肝细胞瘤组织中UGT1A9的表达与功能存在不相关性,提示肿瘤细胞中虽然UGT1A9表达较高,但其功能存在某些缺失,可能与肿瘤细胞内营养相对缺乏有关。     

磁性金属有机框架材料制备及吸附性能研究

利用简单的溶剂热法合成了MIL-101（Fe）/CoFe₂O₄和MIL-101（Fe）/NiFe₂O₄磁性金属有机框架纳米复合材料。通过X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、振动磁强计（VSM）、热重分析仪（TGA）和紫外可见分光光度计（UV）等对复合材料的相结构、形貌、磁性能和吸附性能进行了研究。将磁性金属有机框架材料用于吸附污水中罗丹明B（RhB）,研究了罗丹明B初始质量浓度对复合材料吸附能力的影响。结果表明,制备的磁性金属有机框架复合材料的形貌均匀、结晶度高,具有高的饱和磁化强度。复合物具有金属有机框架材料和磁性材料的双重优点。MIL-101（Fe）/CoFe₂O₄对罗丹明B有较高的吸附能力（97.3 mg/g）。热力学研究发现吸附等温方程符合Langmuir模型,吸附动力学研究表明吸附机制与吸附质和吸附剂有关。磁性金属有机框架纳米复合材料作为污水处理剂将具有广阔的应用前景。     

Influence of iron doping towards the physicochemical and biological characteristics of hydroxyapatite

Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is the naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite and the most studied material as a bone substituent. Considering HAP's inherent properties, this study explored changes in HAP's characteristics from doping with other metals such as Fe. To form pure HAP and Fe-HAP with different amounts of Fe, we used the hydrothermal approach, and the composites that formed were thoroughly analyzed for their crystallinity, surface bonding, morphology, magnetic behavior, mechanical strength, biocompatibility, hemocompatibility, and in vitro cytotoxicity. The powder XRD studies confirmed the samples' crystallinity, and the lowest crystalline size was 19.7 nm in 10Fe-HAP. The FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of HAP by the hydroxyl, phosphate, and carbonate groups. The FESEM demonstrated that the morphology of the pure HAP was rod-shaped, which transformed into spheres after Fe doping. The EDS analysis confirmed the successful formation of HAP and Fe-HAP composites. The magnetic studies indicated the diamagnetic behavior of the pure HAP, while the Fe-doped HAPs had a superparamagnetic nature with saturation magnetizations (M_s) of 2Fe-HAP, 4Fe-HAP, and 10Fe-HAP at 0.0062, 0.0092, and 0.029 emu/g respectively. Assessment of the mechanical properties, biocompatibility, hemocompatibility, and cytotoxicity indicated that the Fe-doped HAPs were superior to the pure HAP, and among the Fe-HAPs, the 10Fe-HAP) had the highest amount of Fe and the best characteristics. The studies also indicated that Ca²⁺ interactions influenced the cells via HAP doping with that of Fe, equally increasing the physicochemical and biological properties.     

轧辊光纤激光无序毛化技术:无序毛化的应用(下篇)

在连轧机、平整机、光整机上对光纤激光无序毛化轧辊与电火花毛化轧辊的过钢量,粗糙度R_a和R_(pc)值随过钢量的变化进行了对比;同时,对光纤激光无序毛化轧辊R_a=2.0~5.0μm范围内与R_(pc)值的关联情况进行了研究。结果表明:光纤激光无序毛化轧辊适用于连轧、平整、光整等工艺,其R_(pc)值高于电火花毛化辊,且R_a与R_(pc)的关联度较弱。     

Fabrication of Ta<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>5</Subscript> Dispersion-Strengthened Mo-Si-B Alloy by Powder Metallurgical Method

In this study, we investigate the effect of oxide dispersion strengthening on mechanical properties by dispersion of nano-sized Ta₂O₅ particles in Mo-Si-B alloy. A Mo-Si-B core-shell powder consisting of two intermetallic compounds of Mo₅SiB₂ and Mo₃Si as the core and nano-sized Mo solid solution surrounding intermetallic compounds was fabricated by chemical vapor transport. And Mo-Si-B core-shell powder with uniformly dispersed nano-sized Ta₂O₅ particles on the surface of a Mo solid solution shell was produced by a wet blending process with TaCl₅ solution and heat treatment. Then, pressureless sintering was performed at 1400°C for 3 h under a H₂ atmosphere. The hardness and fracture toughness of the Ta₂O₅-dispersed Mo-Si-B alloy were measured using Vickers hardness and 3-point bending tests, respectively. The Vickers hardness and fracture toughness of the fabricated Mo-Si-B-Ta₂O₅ alloy were more improved than that of the Mo-Si-B alloy fabricated using core-shell powder with no addition of Ta₂O₅ particles (Mo-Si-B alloy: 353 Hv, 13.5 MPa·√m, Mo-Si-B-Ta₂O₅ alloy: 509 Hv, 15.1 MPa·√m).     

影响自保护药芯焊丝焊缝韧性及离散性的因素

介绍了自保护药芯焊丝焊缝金属的韧化机理,分析了合金元素、夹杂物及稀土元素对焊缝韧性的影响,总结得出焊缝组织中粗大的马氏体与奥氏体组元(M-A组元)是造成韧性离散的主要原因。通过选择合适成分的焊丝,并配合恰当的热输入,可以减少并细化组织中的M-A组元,使韧性稳定。     

Graft copolymerization of mixtures of acrylic acid and acrylamide onto polypropylene film

Liquid phase ultraviolet irradiation in the presence of benzophenone as a photosensitizer and barium hydroxide as a pH controller were used to graft the mixtures of acrylic acid and acrylamide to a polypropylene surface. The surface of the grafted polypropylene samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy‐attenuated total reflectance, electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and a contact angle meter. The pH value of the reaction medium that produced the graft with equal molar ratio was found to be ∼ 3.77. The optimal reaction condition was found at a monomer feed of 25%, a reaction time of 30 min, and a benzophenone concentration of 1%. Surface tension of the samples increased to a value of 40 dyn cm⁻¹ due to the graft of the hydrophilic monomers. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 72: 251–256, 1999     

溶液丁苯连续聚合凝胶抑制技术进展

介绍了溶液丁苯连续聚合过程中凝胶形成的原因,综述了国外对抑制凝胶形成的技术进展。提出了我国发展溶液丁苯连续聚合抑凝技术的一些建议,并简介了目前在这方面的研究情况     

Barrier property by controlled laminar morphology of LLDPE/EVOH blends

Using the extrusion blown film process, we obtained linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/ethylenevinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) blends with an improved barrier property by generating a laminar structure of the dispersed phase in the matrix phase. This laminar morphology induced by drawing and blowing was found to result in a significant decrease in toluene permeability with only 10 wt% EVOH. Effects of compatibilizer content and processing parameters such as blending sequence, screw configuration, and stretch ratio on the toluene permeability and morphology of the blends were investigated. It was revealed that the optimum amount of compatibilizer, maleic anhydride grafted LLDPE, should be used to improve the barrier property of the LLDPE/EVOH blends with a well developed laminar structure. The blending sequence had a significant influence on the permeability of the blends. The blend films exhibited a more pronounced laminar structure when all blend components were simultaneously melt blended in a single screw extruder. In addition, the screw configuration designed to impart a low shear stress and the balanced stretching in the machine and transverse directions were more favorable processing conditions in obtaining high barrier blends.