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961.
Cloning of observables, unlike standard cloning of states, aims at copying the information encoded in the statistics of a
class of observables rather then on quantum states themselves. In such a process the emphasis is on the quantum operation
(evolution plus measurement) necessary to retrieve the original information. We analyze, for qubit systems, the cloning of
a class generated by two noncommuting observables, elucidating the relationship between such a process and joint measurements.
This helps in establishing an optimality criterion for cloning of observables. We see that, even if the cloning machine is
designed to act on the whole class generated by two noncommuting observables, the same optimal performances of a joint measurement
can be attained. Finally, the connection with state dependent cloning is enlightened. 相似文献
962.
963.
R. Adam Rebeles A. Hermanne S. Takcs F. Trknyi S.F. Kovalev A. Ignatyuk 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2007,260(2):672-684
In the frame of a systematic study of light ion induced threshold reactions on natural tin (Sn) excitation functions for alpha particles induced reactions are presented in a 12–38 MeV energy domain. Using a stacked foil activation method the following radioisotopes were identified: 116Te, 117Te, 118Te, 119Te, 121Te, 123Te, 117Sb, 118Sb, 120Sb, 122Sb, 124Sb, 126Sb, 117Sn, 111In. The experimental cross sections for these isotopes are presented for the first time in this energy range and a direct comparison with values calculated with the ALICE-IPPE code is discussed. Possible use of these data for production of some isotopes relevant in nuclear medicine is suggested. 相似文献
964.
E. P. Velikhov N. N. Ponomarev-Stepnoi V. G. Volkov G. G. Gorodetskii Yu. A. Zverkov O. P. Ivanov S. M. Koltyshev V. D. Muzrukova S. G. Semenov V. E. Stepanov A. V. Chesnokov A. D. Shisha 《Atomic Energy》2007,102(5):375-381
This article is devoted to work done in 2002–2006 as part of the unified project Reabilitatsiya to rehabilitate radiation
hazardous objects and sections of the radioactively contaminated territory of the Russian Science Center Kurchatov Institute.
The main objects of the rehabilitation work were old storage sites built for radioactive wastes on the territory of the Institute
when military and civilian nuclear technologies were under development. The structural features of the storage sites, including
the volumes and characteristics of the wastes stored, are presented. The salient aspects of the disposal sites, taken into
account during the rehabilitation work, are discussed. The organization of the rehabilitation operations and the sequence
in which they are performed, the special features of the technical design solutions used, the technological methods, and ways
for conducting the work are described.
__________
Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 102, No. 5, pp. 300–306, May, 2007. 相似文献
965.
A. A. Aliev A. V. Suetina A. V. Elistratov A. D. Davydov A. G. Rakhshtadt 《Metal Science and Heat Treatment》2007,49(1-2):75-77
The effect of tempering temperature on the structure, wear resistance, and corrosive properties of steel 08Kh14AN4MDB is studied.
The results of mechanical and corrosion tests are used for constructing an optimization matrix for determining the optimum
tempering temperature.
__________
Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 2, pp. 29–32, February, 2007. 相似文献
966.
M. A. Gasanov 《Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry》2007,43(5):398-402
We present the results of electric discharge treatment of zeolites for purifying the waste water from the manufacture of polymers. By application of the thermostimulated relaxation method, it has been revealed that in the zeolites, superficial and volumetric charges accumulate. It is shown that the electric discharge effects considerably enhance the efficiency of the adsorptive purification of waste water. 相似文献
967.
We consider the problem of carrier synchronization in future 2nd-generation satellite digital video broadcasting (DVB-S2) receivers. In this scenario, this task is made harder by the complexity constraints, related to the use of consumer-grade equipment. Making use of the distributed pilot symbols of the DVB-S2 standard, low-complexity techniques for fine frequency estimation and for detection in the presence of a strong phase noise, typical of consumer-grade equipment, will be proposed. The performance of the described algorithms will be analysed in detail through computer simulations. 相似文献
968.
The optical properties of bismuth telluride crystals doped with donor-and acceptor-type impurities are studied. The fact that energy corresponding to the resonance frequency of plasma oscillations of free charge carriers (plasmons) approaches the band-gap energy is detected in the infrared spectral region, where the main elementary excitations in the electronic system of these materials are observed. The mentioned approach of energies varies the intensity of electron-plasmon interaction, which affects the recombination processes in the materials widely used for the fabrication of thermoelectric energy converters. 相似文献
969.
D. M. Suckling R. W. Peck L. M. Manning L. D. Stringer J. Cappadonna A. M. El-Sayed 《Journal of chemical ecology》2008,34(12):1602-1609
Disruption of Argentine ant trail following and reduced ability to forage (measured by bait location success) was achieved
after presentation of an oversupply of trail pheromone, (Z)-9-hexadecenal. Experiments tested single pheromone point sources and dispersion of a formulation in small field plots. Ant
walking behavior was recorded and digitized by using video tracking, before and after presentation of trail pheromone. Ants
showed changes in three parameters within seconds of treatment: (1) Ants on trails normally showed a unimodal frequency distribution
of walking track angles, but this pattern disappeared after presentation of the trail pheromone; (2) ants showed initial high
trail integrity on a range of untreated substrates from painted walls to wooden or concrete floors, but this was significantly
reduced following presentation of a point source of pheromone; (3) the number of ants in the pheromone-treated area increased
over time, as recruitment apparently exceeded departures. To test trail disruption in small outdoor plots, the trail pheromone
was formulated with carnuba wax-coated quartz laboratory sand (1 g quartz sand/0.2 g wax/1 mg pheromone). The pheromone formulation,
with a half-life of 30 h, was applied by rotary spreader at four rates (0, 2.5, 7.5, and 25 mg pheromone/m2) to 1- and 4-m2 plots in Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii. Ant counts at bait cards in treated plots were significantly reduced compared to
controls on the day of treatment, and there was a significant reduction in ant foraging for 2 days. These results show that
trail pheromone disruption of Argentine ants is possible, but a much more durable formulation is needed before nest-level
impacts can be expected.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
970.
Folds on the temperature surfaces of heterogeneous multicomponent liquid-vapor systems 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Regularities in the behavior of folds on the surface of equilibrium temperatures for multicomponent two-phase mixtures are studied. The concept of the multiplicity of a fold on the surface of temperatures is introduced. 相似文献