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991.
CHARACTERIZATION OF EVA-BASED ADHESIVES CONTAINING DIFFERENT AMOUNTS OF ROSIN ESTER OR POLYTERPENE TACKIFIER 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Marí a Luisa Barrueso-Martí nez Teresa del Pilar Ferr ndiz-G mez Marí a Dolores Romero-S nchez Jos Miguel Martí n-Martí nez 《The Journal of Adhesion》2003,79(8):805-824
Different amounts (50-170 php--parts per hundred parts of EVA, 33-63 wt%) of two tackifiers (hydrogenated rosin ester, polyterpene resin) were added to an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer containing 28 wt% vinyl acetate. The EVA and the tackifier were characterized using infrared (IR) spectroscopy, DSC measurements, and stress-controlled plate-plate rheology. The properties and compatibility of the EVA-tackifier mixtures were studied using DSC, DMTA, and stress-controlled plate-plate rheology. Immediate adhesion was measured as a quantification of tack, and the T-peel strength of roughened styrene-butadiene rubber/EVA-tackifier adhesive joints was also obtained. The increase in the amount of tackifier noticeably changed the crystallinity of polyethylene blocks in the EVA, and the temperature at the cross-over between the curves of the storage and loss moduli as a function of the temperature was displaced to a lower value. Whereas the hydrogenated rosin ester was compatible with the amorphous ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer regions of the EVA (Tg value increased) reducing its crystallinity, the polyterpene resin was compatible with the polyethylene blocks of the EVA (T g value was not modified), increasing its crystallinity. Immediate adhesion of the EVA-tackifier mixtures was improved by adding both hydrogenated rosin ester and polyterpene tackifiers. On the other hand, there was an optimum tackifier content at which the maximum T-peel strength value was obtained. 相似文献
992.
Extraction of Lipids from Municipal Wastewater Plant Microorganisms for Production of Biodiesel 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Stephen Dufreche R. Hernandez T. French D. Sparks M. Zappi E. Alley 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2007,84(2):181-187
Municipal wastewater treatment plants in the USA produce over 6.2 × 106 t of dried sewage sludge every year. This microorganism-rich sludge is often landfilled or used as fertilizer. Recent restrictions
on the use of sewage sludge, however, have resulted in increased disposal problems. Extraction of lipids from sludge yields
an untapped source of cheap feedstock for biodiesel production. Solvents used for extraction in this study include n-hexane, methanol, acetone, and supercritical CO2. The gravimetric yield of oil was low for nonpolar solvents, but use of polar solvents gave a considerably increased yield;
however, the percentage of saponifiable material was less. Extraction of lipids with a mixture of n-hexane, methanol, and acetone gave the largest conversion to biodiesel compared with other solvent systems, 4.41% based on
total dry weight of sludge. In situ transesterification of dried sludge resulted in a yield of 6.23%. If a 10% dry weight
yield of fatty acid methyl esters is assumed, the amount of biodiesel available for production in the USA is 1.4 × 106 m3/year. Outfitting 50% of municipal wastewater plants for lipid extraction and transesterification could result in enough biodiesel
production to replace 0.5% of the national petroleum diesel demand (0.7 × 106 m3). 相似文献
993.
H_5N_1亚型禽流感病毒血凝素基因的克隆及分子进化分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 克隆H5N1 亚型禽流感病毒HA基因并进行分子进化分析。方法 应用RT PCR方法 ,以 2株H5N1 亚型禽流感病毒RNA为模板 ,扩增了HA全基因cDNA。将HAcDNA基因克隆于pUCm T载体 ,并对其进行了测序。结果 所克隆的HA基因全长为 1731bp ,共编码 5 6 8个氨基酸。将该毒株与其它 10株H5亚型禽流感病毒HA基因序列核苷酸及氨基酸进行比较 ,其核苷酸同源性在 80 5 %~ 99 2 %之间 ,氨基酸序列同源性在 89 4 %~98 6 %之间。高致病性毒株HA基因裂解位点存在多个碱性氨基酸插入。结论 为禽流感基因工程疫苗的研制奠定了基础 ,同时通过分子进化分析也揭示了各毒株间的亲缘关系。 相似文献
994.
Méndez RO Bueno K Campos N López D Wyatt CJ Ortega MI 《Archivos latinoamericanos de nutrición》2005,55(2):187-193
Developing countries diets are based on a variety of plant foods that often are the main suppliers of important amounts of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn). The objectives of this study were 1) to measure the total and dialyzable amounts of Fe and Zn in foods from Northern Mexico (Sonora) and from Southern Mexico (Oaxaca) and 2) to evaluate the effect of meat content of diets on the dialyzable amount of Fe and Zn. Methods to calculate the total dialyzable amount of Fe and Zn, were those of the AOAC and of Shen et al. Total Fe in e northern Mexican foods went from 0.78 +/- 0.0 to 11.59 +/- to 0.03 mg/ 100g (dry weight, DW); in southern Mexican foods the same micronutrient amounts were 0.86 +/- 0.18 to 8.8 +/- 0.57 mg/100 g (BS). Total Zn values were 0.91 +/- 0.00 to 13.58 +/- 0.05 mg/100 g (DW) in Sonora, and 0.64 +/- 0.18 to 20.80 +/- 0.33 mg/100 g (DW) in Oaxaca. In northern Mexico, foods dialyzable Fe had values from 0.1 +/- 0.04% to 10.6 +/- 0.36% and for Zn from 4.0 +/- 0.21% to 55.32 +/- 0.14%. Meanwhile, the range of values of dialyzable Fe for foods from Oaxaca were from 0.22 +/- 0.06% to 9.40 +/- 0.14% for and from 2.41 +/- 0.26% to 54.27 +/- 1.49% for dialyzable Zn. The average value for dialyzable Fe was higher in the foods that contained meat or meat products (p= 0.001). 相似文献
995.
Granados M. López Galisteo F. Cabello Lambrou P. S. Alifanti M. Mariscal R. Gurbani A. Sanz J. Sobrados I. Efstathiou A. M. Fierro J. L. G. 《Topics in Catalysis》2007,42(1-4):443-447
The chemical nature of P-containing species of varying concentration present in CeO2 after impregnation with (NH4)2HPO4 and calcination at 1273 K, and their effects on the oxygen storage and release (OSR) properties of ceria are reported for
the first time. The samples were characterized by different techniques and the results were compared with those recently reported
on the same samples but calcined at 873 K. When P-containing ceria solids were calcined at 1273 K, CePO4 (monazite) was the predominant P-containing species on the surface of ceria, confirming previous studies that showed that
monazite exists for those samples in which the surface P loading (P atoms per nm−2) is larger than 5.5. For lower surface P concentrations, isolated orthophosphate units are present at the surface and within
the subsurface region of the solid. Severe sintering of CeO2 after calcination at 1273 K resulted in P concentrations >5.5 P atoms·nm−2 in all samples. Isolated PO4 units that could initially be present in the samples calcined at 873 K nucleated and CePO4 was formed when samples were calcined at 1273 K. OSR properties of CeO2 deteriorated progressively when P loading increased due to the presence of larger crystals of the very stable Ce(III) phase
of CePO4 at the surface of the P-containing ceria solids. 相似文献
996.
Solvent assisted spreading of CoO over monolayer MoO3/Al2O3 catalysts has been studied. CoCO3 · Co(OH)2 and CoCO3 reacted with MoO3/Al2O3 in water slurries. CoO deposition over MoO3/Al2O3 extrudates was followed by EPMA. In the set of eleven MoO3/Al2O3 catalysts, the amount of CoO adsorbed was roughly proportional to the surface area of MoO3 monolayer. The adsorbed Co species efficiently enhanced the HDS activity. 相似文献
997.
998.
A complete and efficient CUDA-sharing solution for HPC clusters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Antonio J. Peña Carlos Reaño Federico Silla Rafael Mayo Enrique S. Quintana-Ortí José Duato 《Parallel Computing》2014
In this paper we detail the key features, architectural design, and implementation of rCUDA, an advanced framework to enable remote and transparent GPGPU acceleration in HPC clusters. rCUDA allows decoupling GPUs from nodes, forming pools of shared accelerators, which brings enhanced flexibility to cluster configurations. This opens the door to configurations with fewer accelerators than nodes, as well as permits a single node to exploit the whole set of GPUs installed in the cluster. In our proposal, CUDA applications can seamlessly interact with any GPU in the cluster, independently of its physical location. Thus, GPUs can be either distributed among compute nodes or concentrated in dedicated GPGPU servers, depending on the cluster administrator’s policy. This proposal leads to savings not only in space but also in energy, acquisition, and maintenance costs. The performance evaluation in this paper with a series of benchmarks and a production application clearly demonstrates the viability of this proposal. Concretely, experiments with the matrix–matrix product reveal excellent performance compared with regular executions on the local GPU; on a much more complex application, the GPU-accelerated LAMMPS, we attain up to 11x speedup employing 8 remote accelerators from a single node with respect to a 12-core CPU-only execution. GPGPU service interaction in compute nodes, remote acceleration in dedicated GPGPU servers, and data transfer performance of similar GPU virtualization frameworks are also evaluated. 相似文献
999.
Clinical practice guidelines in paper format are still the preferred form of delivery of medical knowledge and recommendations to healthcare professionals. Their current support and development process have well identified limitations to which the healthcare community has been continuously searching solutions. Artificial intelligence may create the conditions and provide the tools to address many, if not all, of these limitations.. This paper presents a comprehensive and up to date review of computer-interpretable guideline approaches, namely Arden Syntax, GLIF, PROforma, Asbru, GLARE and SAGE. It also provides an assessment of how well these approaches respond to the challenges posed by paper-based guidelines and addresses topics of Artificial intelligence that could provide a solution to the shortcomings of clinical guidelines. Among the topics addressed by this paper are expert systems, case-based reasoning, medical ontologies and reasoning under uncertainty, with a special focus on methodologies for assessing quality of information when managing incomplete information. Finally, an analysis is made of the fundamental requirements of a guideline model and the importance that standard terminologies and models for clinical data have in the semantic and syntactic interoperability between a guideline execution engine and the software tools used in clinical settings. It is also proposed a line of research that includes the development of an ontology for clinical practice guidelines and a decision model for a guideline-based expert system that manages non-compliance with clinical guidelines and uncertainty. 相似文献
1000.
Ginés D. Guerrero José M. Cecilia Antonio Llanes José M. García Martyn Amos Manuel Ujaldón 《The Journal of supercomputing》2014,69(1):318-329
The rapidly growing field of nature-inspired computing concerns the development and application of algorithms and methods based on biological or physical principles. This approach is particularly compelling for practitioners in high-performance computing, as natural algorithms are often inherently parallel in nature (for example, they may be based on a “swarm”-like model that uses a population of agents to optimize a function). Coupled with rising interest in nature-based algorithms is the growth in heterogenous computing; systems that use more than one kind of processor. We are therefore interested in the performance characteristics of nature-inspired algorithms on a number of different platforms. To this end, we present a new OpenCL-based implementation of the Ant Colony Optimization algorithm, and use it as the basis of extensive experimental tests. We benchmark the algorithm against existing implementations, on a wide variety of hardware platforms, and offer extensive analysis. This work provides rigorous foundations for future investigations of Ant Colony Optimization on high-performance platforms. 相似文献