White up-conversion luminescent property in Re3+:Gd3Ga5O12 nanocrystals

Rare-earth ions doped Gd3Ga5O12 nanocrystals have been prepared by a propellant combustion synthesis method and their up-conversion properties were systematically investigated in this paper. XRD, SEM, TEM, and up-conversion emission spectra were used to characterize the synthesized nanocrystals. Energy transfer from Yb3+ to Er3+ and Tm3+ can occur simultaneously in the as-synthesized Gd3Ga5O12 nanocrystals. The up-conversion mechanisms and relevant energy transfer processes are discussed. A white light generation was observed when the Yb3+, Er3+ and Tm3+ were directly incorporated in the Gd3Ga5O12 lattice. And its calculated color coordinates is (0.35, 0.41) under the excitation at 974.5 nm. The bright white luminescent nanocrystals may have potential application in the field of lighting, displays and photonics.     

大豆异黄酮对樱桃谷鸭生长和屠宰性能的影响

选用健康1日龄樱桃谷SM2商品代雏鸭128只,随机分为4组,公、母各半.对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组日粮是在基础日粮中分别添加5、10和15 mg/kg的大豆异黄酮,于42日龄屠宰.结果表明:①试验组公鸭、母鸭每周平均体重均显著高于或高于对照组,试验Ⅱ组的平均体重显著高于其他各组(P＜0.05).大豆异黄酮对樱桃谷鸭母鸭和公鸭的生长具有明显的促进作用,而且其作用效果呈现剂量效应,以10 mg/kg添加水平效果最为明显.②试验Ⅱ组母鸭的屠宰率和胸肌率高于其他各组(P＞0.05);母鸭和公鸭的腹脂率均显著低于其他各组(P＜0.05).试验Ⅲ组母鸭的腿肌率显著高于其他各组(P＜0.05).试验组间母鸭的皮脂率差异不显著(P＞0.05);但均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),试验Ⅲ组母鸭的皮脂率最低.试验Ⅲ组公鸭的屠宰率、胸肌率和腿肌率高于其他各组(P＞0.05),试验I、Ⅲ组公鸭的腹脂率也显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),试验Ⅱ组公鸭的皮脂率显著低于其他各组(P＜0.05).大豆异黄酮发挥了降脂作用,且以10 mg/kg的作用最为明显.     

红外透波材料的发展现状与展望

本文介绍了红外透波材料的特点，制备工艺和应用。着重比较了一些晶体红外材料和非晶体红外材料的光学性能和机械性能，并讨论了红外材料的镀膜技术，指出镀膜的ZnSe晶体和硫系玻璃将会成为未来红外热成像系统光学零件和红外窗口的候选材料。     

The growth and characterization of ZnO/ZnTe core-shell nanowires and the electrical properties of ZnO/ZnTe core-shell nanowire field effect transistor

Vertically aligned ZnO/ZnTe core-shell nanowires were grown on a-plane sapphire substrate by using chemical vapor deposition with gold as catalyst for the growth of ZnO core and then followed by growing ZnTe shell using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Raman scattering indicate that the core-shell nanostructures have good crystalline quality. Three-dimensional fluorescence images obtained by using laser scanning confocal microscope demonstrate that the nanowires have good optical properties. The core-shell nanowire was then fabricated into single nanowire field effect transistor by standard e-beam photolithography. Electrical measurements reveals that the p-type ZnO/ZnTe FET device has a turn on voltage of -1.65 V and the hole mobility is 13.3 cm2/V s.     

空气间隔装药技术在水布垭地下厂房开挖中的应用

根据炸药爆轰殉爆距离的原理,进行了连续空气间隔装药和间隔空气间隔装药2种周边孔装药结构的光爆试验.结果表明2种方法都能达到光爆效果的要求,其间隔空气装药的效果更佳,与传统的导爆索间隔装药相比,可以大大降低成本,有较大推广应用价值.     

蒙脱土的酸化及有机化对聚氨酯/蒙脱土纳米复合弹性体材料性能的影响

利用本体聚合方法制备了聚氨酯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料。通过对蒙脱土进行酸化和有机化两步处理,发现酸化处理不仅能有效地扩大蒙脱土的片层间距,还能有效地防止蒙脱土在聚氨酯本体聚合时对异氰酸酯基三聚副反应的催化作用。利用DSC、TGA、XRD等手段对聚氨酯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的力学性能、热性能、内部结构进行了表征,发现酸化及有机化蒙脱土在聚氨酯内部能形成纳米片层结构,提高了复合材料的力学性能。     

Synthesis, characterization and osteoconductivity properties of bone fillers based on alendronate-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone)/hydroxyapatite microspheres

A superior drug controlled release system capable of achieving efficient osteogenesis is in imperative demand because of limited bone substitute tissue for the treatment of bone defect. In the present study, we investigated the potential of using poly(ε-caprolactone)–hydroxyapatite (PCL–HA) composite microspheres as an injectable bone repair vehicle by controlled release of alendronate (AL), a medicine that belongs to the bisphosphonates family. The PCL/HA–AL microspheres were prepared with solid/oil/water emulsion technique, which included two processes: (1) AL was loaded on the hydroxyapatite nanoparticles; (2) the HA–AL complex was built in the PCL matrix. The spherical PCL/HA–AL microspheres were characterized with its significantly improved encapsulation efficiency of hydrophilic AL and better sustained release. Human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were cultured on the surface of these microspheres and exhibited high proliferative profile. Specifically, in osteogenic medium, hMSCs on the surface of PCL/HA–AL microspheres displayed superior osteogenic differentiation which was verified by alkaline phosphatase activity assay. In conclusion, by presenting strong osteogenic commitment of hMSCs in vitro, the PCL/HA–AL microspheres have the potential to be used as an injectable vehicle for local therapy of bone defect.     

基于PSO的Fisher准则下小样本最佳鉴别变换

小样本条件下,Fisher准则中类内散布矩阵一般是奇异的,无法直接求解.本文提出利用粒子群优化理论,在无需求类内散布矩阵逆的情况下求解Fisher准则下小样本最佳鉴别变换的方法.讨论了通过粒子群优化算法的位置-速度搜索模型获取最佳鉴别投影向量的方法和步骤.实验对比类内散布矩阵非奇异时,采用计算特征向量方法和本文方法的差异.分析验证小样本条件下类内散布矩阵奇异时,通过本文方法进行最佳鉴别变换的分类效果.实验证实本文算法的有效性.     

筛选和记忆相结合的粒子群算法*

针对粒子群算法优化高维复杂问题出现局部最优的缺陷,提出初始粒子筛选和最差粒子记忆相结合的粒子群算法。利用熵度量粒子分量分布的均匀性,只有各分量满足均匀性要求时,该粒子才被筛选为初始粒子,以控制粒子在解空间的分布。在速度更新过程中引入最差粒子,避免粒子重复搜索曾经找到的最差位置,以提高算法的搜索效率。根据粒子寻优的成功率动态调整权重,以有效平衡深度和广度搜索能力。用本文算法优化6个经典测试函数,与3种改进的PSO算法相比,本文提出的算法不仅可以平衡局部和全局的搜索能力,还可以提高算法的搜索效率和精度。     

基于多特征支持向量回归的F5定量隐密分析研究

针对现有F5定量隐密分析方法仅考虑直方图收缩导致定量估计误差较大的问题,提出了一种新的基于多特征支持向量回归(SVR)的定量隐密分析算法.算法通过最大似然估计拟合DCT系数分布模型的参数,利用参数的相对变化量来反映嵌入机制对直方图的修改,并使用共生矩阵描述F5算法对图像像素间相关性的破坏.在确定特征与嵌入量之间的函数关系时,算法采用SVR在高维空间中进行拟合,从而估计待测图像的容量.实验表明,该算法可以对F5算法的嵌入量进行有效估计,而且估计效果要优于已有的算法.