The maximum surgical blood order schedule and surgical blood use in the United States

The outdating of units of blood can be reduced by decreasing the amount of time they spend in an assigned or crossmatched status. This reduction can be achieved in a hospital by establishing a maximum surgical blood order schedule (MSBOS) which reduces the excessive number of units of blood crossmatched preoperatively for patients undergoing elective surgery. The various steps which occurred in the development of a MSBOS in a large general hospital are detailed and the projected reduction in the number of crossmatched units which can be achieved with the MSBOS is illustrated. illustrated. The projected number of units of blood transfused to patients during their hospitalization for 50 common primary surgical procedures in the United States during 1974 is presented as a basis for defining maximum blood orders for each procedure.     

凝胶注模成型制备医用多孔钛植入材料及其性能

应用一种新的近净成型技术——凝胶注模成型技术，成功制备大尺寸、复杂形状医用多孔钛人造骨替代材料，并研究了凝胶注模成型工艺参数对浆料流动特性、坯体强度及烧结体孔隙、力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：预混液中有机单体的浓度、单体／交联剂比例以及固相含量是决定钛粉浆料表观粘度、Gelcasting坯体强度的重要参数；对于医用多孔钛植入材料的凝胶注模成型工艺，适合的顸混液单体浓度为30％（质量分数），单体，交联剂比例为120：1，浆料固相含量为34％（体积分数）；1100℃保温1．5h是凝胶注模成型多孔钛较为适合的烧结工艺路线；所制得孔隙度46．5％、开孔隙度40．7％多孔钛的抗压强度158．6MPa、弹性模量8．5GPa，与自然骨基本匹配，适合作为人造骨替代材料。     

位错密度对大块Fe－3％Si单晶延－脆转变温度的影响

实验证明位错密度有两个量级差异的Ｆｅ－３％Ｓｉ单晶体的延－脆转变温度几乎不变，但与Ｆｅ－３％Ｓｉ多晶体的转变温度比较相去甚远。     

Structure of the 3'-hairpin of the TYMV pseudoknot: preformation in RNA folding

The solution structure of an RNA-hairpin present in the pseudoknot, which is found at the 3'-terminus of turnip yellow mosaic virus genomic RNA, has been solved by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The loop, which contains the sequence 5'-GGGUCA-3', was found to be highly structured and, contrary to expectations, does not attain its stability through GA or GC base pair formation but by triple interactions between the tilted adenosine and the minor groove sides of the first two guanosines. Interestingly, a very similar conformation was found for the cognate pseudoknot, implying that the 3'-hairpin is preformed for folding into a pseudoknotted structure. These findings suggest a mechanism of 'predetermined-fit' as a principle in RNA folding.     

一种新型含硅拒水剂的合成与应用

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三(三甲基硅氧烷)硅烷(TRIS)等为主要原料,采用半连续乳液聚合法,合成了具有核壳结构乳胶粒子的阳离子型含硅拒水剂。通过纳米粒度-Zeta电位分析仪、接触角(CA)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、透射电镜(TEM)及热重分析(TG)等手段研究了粒子的核壳形貌结构和固化后树脂的热稳定性等性能,然后考察了不同硅含量和不同浓度拒水剂对织物拒水性的影响。结果表明,有机硅单体参与了聚合,所合成乳胶粒具有明显的核壳结构,平均粒径为100nm。当硅含量最低为2%(占壳单体的质量分数)、有效浓度为2%,整理后的织物对水的接触角可达到135.5°。     

Role of relaxin and estrogen in the control of eosinophilic invasion and collagen remodeling in rat cervical tissue at term

The modified fluorescence method was used to determine the accumulation of norfloxacin by Mycobacterium aurum A+ and Mycobacterium smegmatis mc(2)155. By using an exogenous norfloxacin concentration of 10 microg/ml, a steady-state concentration (SSC) of 160 to 180 ng of norfloxacin/mg of cells was obtained for M. aurum, and an SSC of 120 to 140 ng of norfloxacin/mg of cells obtained for M. smegmatis. For both species of mycobacteria, the SSC was achieved within 5 min. The silicon oil method was investigated and gave higher SSCs than the modified fluorescence method. Further studies on the mechanism of norfloxacin accumulation by M. aurum were performed. An increase in the pH of the wash buffer from 7.0 to 9.0 did not significantly affect the final SSC obtained. Accumulation was nonsaturated over a norfloxacin concentration range of 0 to 100 microg/ml, and the proton motive force inhibitor 2,4-dinitrophenol (1 and 2 mM), whether it was added before or after norfloxacin was added, had no effect on the final SSC obtained. 2,4-Dinitrophenol also had no effect on norfloxacin accumulation by M. smegmatis. Furthermore, norfloxacin accumulation by M. aurum was unaffected by the presence of either Tween 80 or subinhibitory concentrations of ethambutol in the growth medium. Therefore, it is proposed that norfloxacin accumulation by mycobacteria occurs by simple, energy-independent diffusion.     

60Co-γ辐射对马铃薯淀粉特性的影响

采用60Co-γ射线对马铃薯淀粉进行辐照处理,辐照剂量分别为4、8、10、12、16kGy和20kGy,测定淀粉的颗粒特性及淀粉糊的透明度、热稳定性及冷稳定性。结果表明：辐照后的马铃薯淀粉颗粒形貌未发生明显变化、平均粒径变小;淀粉糊的透明度升高,峰值黏度减小,热稳定性及冷稳定性均显著提高。辐照剂量高于10kGy时,淀粉糊的峰值黏度与冷、热稳定性变化趋于平缓。     

羧甲基淀粉的应用与合成

综述了羧甲基淀粉的发展、合成方法、合成过程中的影响因素以及应用现状。羧甲基淀粉的合成主要分三种类型 :干法、半干法、湿法。综合了反应过程中的影响因素 ,例如醚化剂和催化剂的影响 ,反应时间和温度的关系 ,溶剂、设备对反应的影响 ,以及在食品、医药、钻井、纺织、日化工业中的应用前景     

SPR生物传感系统及其对DNA的检测分析

智能化的SPR生物传感系统采用独特的角向会聚光路代替传统的角度机械扫描方式,采用CCD作为光电检测器件,避免了机械扫描可能带来的误差,可一次完成样品响应曲线的采集分析,提高了检测精度和速度.此外,利用MATLAB软件对信号进行了FIR滤波分析处理,提高了信噪比.利用所研制的系统,分别对DNA分子的体响应以及DNA分子杂交过程进行了检测分析,并且得到了较为满意的结果.