Wireless transmission of HD video using H.264 compression over UWB channel

With the technological advancement, entertainment has become revolutionized and the high-definition (HD) video has become an integral feature of our modern amusement system. The demand for wireless transmission of HD video is rapidly rising for its ubiquitous nature, easy installation and relocation. Such wireless transmissions of HD video streams require very high bandwidth. The ultra-wideband (UWB) offers a large bandwidth, and short-range high-speed data transmission at low cost and low power consumption. In this paper, we present the feasibility study to transmit HD video wirelessly using H.264/AVC compression over the UWB communication channel. Simulations are carried out by controlling key H.264/AVC encoder parameters such as, in-loop deblocking filter, group of pictures, and quantization parameter. Based on the analysis, an optimum setting of these parameters is proposed for different bandwidth requirements, as well as acceptable video quality. The bandwidth achieved is restricted between 1.5 and 20?Mbps with a minimum reconstruction quality of 34?dB. The HD bit stream is then transmitted over the UWB communication channel and the demonstration shows that the overall encoder performance is satisfactory with the transmission bit-error-rate (BER) in the range of 10^?5?C10^?8.     

Curcumin loaded fish scale collagen-HPMC nanogel for wound healing application: Ex-vivo and In-vivo evaluation

The objective of the present investigation was to formulate curcumin loaded fish scale collagen (FSC)-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC K100) nanogel (CNG) for wound healing application. The curcumin nanoemulsion was prepared, characterized and loaded in FSC-HPMC nanogel. The nanogel was evaluated for ex-vivo permeation, in-vivo, skin irritation, and stability study. Ex-vivo permeation study demonstrated that CNG prolonged release and exhibited higher percent contraction value of wound compared to other formulations. In skin irritation study, formulation produced the score of less than 2 compared to control. It concluded that curcumin loaded FSC-HPMC nanogel could be prepared for wound healing applications.     

An electro-optic holography system with real-time arithmetic processing

This paper reports the use of a real-time arithmetic image processor in an electro-optic holography system. A speckle interferometer is used to combine an image of an object, lit by laser light, with a mutually coherent reference beam. A CCD TV camera detects the interference pattern, and the phase of the reference beam is advanced by 90° between frames. An image is generated from each set of four sequential TV frames by subtracting alternate frames, squaring, and adding the two results. The result is improved picture quality compared with the use of binary pixels and compared with electronic speckle pattern interferometry. Experimental results are shown.     

Thermal analysis of above-grade wall assembly with low emissivity materials and furred airspace

A 3D numerical model was developed to investigate the effect of foil emissivity on the effective thermal resistance of an above-grade wall assembly with foil bonded to wood fibreboard in a furred assembly having airspace next to the foil. This model solved simultaneously the energy equation in the various material layers, the surface-to-surface radiation equation in the furred airspace assembly, Navier–Stokes equation for the airspace, and Darcy and the Brinkman equations for the porous material layers. In this work, the furring was installed horizontally. In the first phase, the present model was benchmarked against the experimental data generated by a commercial laboratory for an above-grade wall assembly. The wall consists of a conventional wood frame structure sheathed with fibreboard and covered on the interior side with a low emissivity material bonded to wood fibreboard that is adjacent to a furred airspace assembly. The results showed that the predicted R-value was in good agreement with the measured one. After gaining confidence in the present model, it was used to predict the effective thermal resistance of the same above-mentioned wall but having Oriented Strand Board (OSB) sheathing in lieu of wood fibreboard sheathing. In the second phase, the model was used to quantify the contribution on the wall R-value by having a low foil emissivity. The results showed that a low foil emissivity of 0.04 can increase the R-value of this wall to as much as ∼9%. This is on-going research. The present model is being used to investigate the transient thermal response of foundation wall systems with furring installed horizontally and vertically, and subjected to different Canadian climate conditions.     

RADIATION EFFECT ON BIOSYNTHESES OF ASCORBIC ACID AND RIBOFLAVIN IN GERMINATING CHICKPEA

The influence of irradiation on biosyntheses of ascorbic acid and riboflavin in germinating chickpea seeds at ambient (25-35℃) conditions, was investigated. The rate of syntheses of these vitamins significantly increased with increasing germination time upto 120 h depending upon the treatment (P<0.05). Maximum amounts of ascorbic acid, 22.32 and 16.84 mg/100g, were found in the 0.10 kGy sample after 120 h of germination in tap and distilled water respectively. However, a radiation dose of 0.15 kGy resulted in the development of maximum values of riboflavin, 11.40 and 11.38 μ g/g, on germination in tap and distilled water respectively. A significant linear relation (r = 0-954 to 0.997) was observed between the biosyntheses of these vitamins and the germination time upto 120 h of irradiated and unirradiated chickpea seed (P<0.05).     

POST—DEHYDRATION SHELF LIFE EXTENSION OF FRUITS AND NUTS

Post- dehydration storage life of fruits and plant nuts such as apricot, raisin, date, fig, almond, peanut, pinenut and walnut, was studied. The results showed that radiation dose of 1.0 kGy completely, inhibited insect infestation. Low dose radiation (0.25kGy) plus 20℃ and vacuum extended the storage life for 6 and 12 months in dry nuts and fruits respectively without affecting nutritional quality except ascorbic acid. Packaging in opaque pouches under vacuum proved better than other treatments in maintaining nutritional and sensoric quality.     

Stimuli for acquired resistance to Heligmosomoides polygyrus from intestinal tissue resident L3 and L4 larvae

L3 and L4 stages of H.polygyrus were prevented from developing further and were probably killed within 24 h of treatment with ivermectin although total parasite burdens, particularly when treatment was given 4-6 days after infection, declined over a longer period lasting several days. Strong resistance to challenge infection was expressed by infected mice dosed with ivermectin during the tissue phase of larval development. Even immunizing infections as brief as 12-36 h (when only L3 larvae would have been present in the mucosa) elicited strong acquired immunity. When infections were terminated 4-6 days after infection, acquired resistance was 95-100%. The stronger resistance of mice exposed to both L3 and L4 stages was associated with the recognition of low molecular weight polypeptides in adult worm homogenate and there was a highly significant correlation between percentage protection and anti-L4/anti-adult worm serum IgG1 antibodies.     

RADIATION EFFECTS ON SOME PHYSICO-BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN PISUM SATIVUM

Effect of irradiation treatment (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 kGy) on fresh pea cultivars was investigated. Results indicated that significant decrease in colour (% transmittance) and ascorbic acid occurred due to storage period. Higher irradiation treatments showed a significant difference in colour retention in both the cultivars. Visual observation indicated no sprouting until 6th days after which sprouting started in both the cultivars irrespective of radiation treatments. At higher irradiation dose (4.00 kGy) sprouts died soon after emergence. Peas irradiated at 2.0-4.0 kGy doses showed rottage after 9-12 days of storage in both the varieties. Higher irradiation doses enhanced the rate of rot compared with lower doses, p-8 was more resistant to rottage than Moon cultivar of pea.     

Noise-immune phase unwrapping by use of calculated wrap regions

We implement a proposed method for noise-immune phase unwrapping through the calculation of what may be called wrap regions. The theory of this method is reformulated and discussed with regard to random wrapping, a phenomenon that occurs with diffusely reflecting objects if the optical phase change caused by a deformation is calculated by subtraction of the phases calculated before and after the deformation. Two methods of eliminating random wrapping are presented. The algorithm for phase unwrapping is described, and experimental results are presented.     

Artificial neural network models for FRP-repaired concrete subjected to pre-damaged effects

Confining damaged concrete columns using fibre-reinforced concrete (FRP) has proven to be effective in restoring strength and ductility. However, extensive experimental tests are generally required to fully understand the behaviour of such columns. This paper proposes the artificial neural networks (ANNs) models to simulate the FRP-repaired concrete subjected to pre-damaged loading. The models were developed based on two databases which contained the experimental results of 102 and 68 specimens for restored strength and strain, respectively. The proposed models agreed well with testing data with a general correlation factor of more than 97%. Subsequently, simplified equations in designing the restored strength and strain of FRP-repaired columns were proposed based on the trained ANN models. The proposed equations are simple but reasonably accurate and could be used directly in the design of such columns. The accuracy of the proposed equations is due to the incorporation of most affecting factors such as pre-damaged level, concrete compressive strength, confining pressure and ultimate confined concrete strength.