Patterns of authority and affection in two generations.

Using data gleaned from a normative longitudinal study of more than 200 families by workers in the Institute of Child Welfare of the University of California at Berkeley, the research was devised to answer the question as to whether the perception of one's own parents influences parental attitudes towards one's own children. These relationships were studied through the media of 3 variables, viz., authority, affection, and involvement, and their intercorrelation. The "characteristic" or modal family pattern which emerges from the data is described and discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Cognitive theory and the generality of pessimism among depressed persons.

38 depressed (as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory) and 52 nondepressed college students were given a series of anagrams to solve. A 1-chance subgroup was informed that they would win a free movie ticket if they were successful in the task. A 2nd-chance subgroup received the same instructions as the 1-chance subgroup but were also informed that if they failed, they would have another opportunity in a different, undefined task. Ss were subdivided into success and failure subgroups that either succeeded at or failed the anagram task. Immediately afterwards, Ss reported their emotional state on the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List. Depressed Ss reported greater depression, anxiety, and hostility than nondepressed Ss in the 1-chance condition but not in the 2nd-chance condition; this interaction occurred independent of Ss' success or failure in the task. Results are viewed as indicating that current cognitive theories about the generality of pessimism in depression are incomplete. An explanation of the results in terms of the saliency of future reward opportunity is suggested as a basis for further study. (10 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Upgrading of existing 400 kV FF HV cable link by redesigning and implementing forced cooling apparatuses in Vienna

30 years sleeping of 100 km cooling pipes was long enough to launch a process of evaluating and construction of a high sophisticated cooling installation of 24 km FF HV cable systems. The old cable crew remembered of easily upgrading from 600 to 1000 MVA discharging cold water into pipes. Deeper investigations showed what had to be changed of old constructions. The relationship between water temperature and pressure in the tubes for calculating their further lifetime is essential. The awareness of PRYSMIAN the old calculation would kill the cables in the middle of the span without an additional cooling station. Costs of the cooling: €14 Mill. instead of €95 Mill. for new cable systems. The evidence in reliability of FF HV cables made it worth.     

Indomethacin and Diclofenac Hybrids with Oleanolic Acid Oximes Modulate Key Signaling Pathways in Pancreatic Cancer Cells

Our earlier studies showed that coupling nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with oleanolic acid derivatives increased their anti-inflammatory activity in human hepatoma cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate their effect on the signaling pathways involved in inflammation processes in human pancreatic cancer (PC) cells. Cultured PSN-1 cells were exposed for 24 h (30 µM) to OA oxime (OAO) derivatives substituted with benzyl or morpholide groups and their conjugates with indomethacin (IND) or diclofenac (DCL). The activation of NF-κB and Nrf2 was assessed by the evaluation of the translocation of their active forms into the nucleus and their binding to specific DNA sequences via the ELISA assay. The expression of NF-κB and Nrf2 target genes was evaluated by R-T PCR and Western blot analysis. The conjugation of IND or DCL with OAO derivatives increased cytotoxicity and their effect on the tested signaling pathways. The most effective compound was the DCL hybrid with OAO morpholide (4d). This compound significantly reduced the activation and expression of NF-κB and enhanced the activation and expression of Nrf2. Increased expression of Nrf2 target genes led to reduced ROS production. Moreover, MAPKs and the related pathways were also affected. Therefore, conjugate 4d deserves more comprehensive studies as a potential PC therapeutic agent.     

Iron bioavailability from Amaranthus species: 2—Evaluation using haemoglobin repletion in anaemic rats

Initial screening of 46 lines from 12 species of Amaranthus indicated wide variation in total iron (Fe) and small but significant differences in bioavailable Fe when estimated by an in vitro assay. To verify if differences in bioavailable Fe detected by in vitro assay were biologically significant, one line from each species A tricolor, A hypochondriacus and A cruentus was evaluated using a haemoglobin (Hb) repletion assay with anaemic rats. Anaemic rats were fed treatment diets in which almost all Fe was provided by amaranth lines, and Hb gains were compared to those of rats fed control FeSO₄ diets. Slope ratio analysis indicated that Fe supplied by A hypochondriacus had a greater relative bioavailability (61%) than from A tricolor (44%), when compared to FeSO₄ (100%). However, A tricolor contained a higher concentration of total Fe (690 ppm) in the leaf material. When the same amount of amaranth was added to individual diets (30 g kg⁻¹ diet), analysis of Hb repletion efficiency (HRE) indicated that A tricolor supported the largest Hb gain of the three lines, despite having the lowest relative bioavailability compared to A hypochondriacus and A cruentus. Despite a lack of correlation between total and bioavailable Fe, these results suggest future efforts should focus initially on enhancing total Fe concentration of green leafy vegetables (GLVs), until the forms of bioavailable Fe in these plant materials are identified. Rat bioassay did confirm relative differences in bioavailable Fe estimated by the in vitro assay, supporting use of the in vitro assay in breeding programmes focused on improving Fe nutritional quality of GLVs. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry     

智能化大班台的办公环境参数监测系统设计

运用人体工程学、建筑环境学、建筑环境心理学等理论,分析智能化大班台的办公环境中温度、湿度、噪音、灯光等参数对人体身心健康和工作效率的影响,研究合适的参数范围。确定相应传感器的测量范围、安装要求及型号,设计办公环境参数采集系统单片机和上位机程序,实现对环境参数的智能化监测,为智能化大班台的研发提供理论依据。     

地热暖风机优化与实验研究

确定了描述地热低温暖风机技术经济性能的９个运行变量和８个结构变量以及它们之间的关系。以供暖成本最低为目标,研究低温暖风机的经济结构条件并求得最优解,得出有关结论     

Inhibition of human recombinant cytochromes P450 CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 by trans-resveratrol methyl ethers

CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 are the inducible forms of cytochrome P450 expressed in extrahepatic tissues, which are responsible for the biotransformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heterocyclic amines and estradiol to the carcinogenic intermediates. The aim of our research was to determine and compare the inhibitory effect of naturally occurring analogues of trans-resveratrol on the catalytic activities of human recombinant CYP1A1 and CYP1B1. Pinostilbene (3,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxystilbene), desoxyrhapontigenin (3,5-dihydroxy-4'-methoxystilbene), and pterostilbene (3,5-dimethoxy-4'-hydroxystilbene) appeared to be very potent inhibitors of CYP1A1 catalytic activity with Ki values of 0.13, 0.16 and 0.57 microM, respectively. Results from this study indicate that trans-resveratrol analogues in which the hydroxy groups are substituted by methoxy groups exhibit a remarkably stronger inhibitory effect towards CYP1A1 in comparison to the parent compound. On the contrary, the potency of pinostilbene, desoxyrhapontigenin and pterostilbene towards CYP1B1 with Ki values of 0.90, 2.06 and 0.91 microM, respectively, was comparable to that of resveratrol. It appears that between these analogues, inhibition of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 catalytic activities does not vary much regardless of the number and position of methylether substitution. The results suggest that the trans-resveratrol analogues: pinostilbene, desoxyrhapontigenin and pterostilbene, which occur in some food plants, might be considered as promising chemopreventive agents.