吸附过程强化对提升高温热泵蒸汽生成性能的影响

在基于直接接触换热法的开式吸附热泵系统中,引入预吸附过程或预设传质通道,考察其对蒸汽生成和系统性能的影响。实验结果表明,预吸附蒸汽压力为0.0680 MPa(饱和温度=89.2℃),系统生成高温蒸汽的平均温度为203℃,系统整体温升为98.4℃,相对于无预吸附系统,生成蒸汽的时间和质量分别增加52.2%和27.0%,系统制热系数和制热功率分别提升28.2%和27.2%。预置树枝状传质通道后,生成蒸汽的时间和质量分别增加了17.8%和8.75%,系统制热系数和制热功率分别提升8.16%和9.05%。预吸附过程使吸附床较快达到整体吸附和热力平衡,缩短蒸汽到达床层出口的时间。预吸附压力越高,系统到达整体吸附平衡的用时越短,蒸汽生成时间越早。传质通道促进吸附床局部平衡的达成,减小局部传质阻力,使部分蒸汽可迅速到达出口。整体和局部吸附平衡的快速达成,均强化了蒸汽的动态生成过程,提升系统整体性能。     

Effect of electric pulse treatment on solidification structure of an A1-15%Si alloy

The effect of electric pulse modifying on the solidification structure of an Al-15%Si alloy was investigated. The result shows that the primary silicon disappears sometimes and the eutectic phase is refined after the treatrnent of EP （electric pulse） though there are different modalities in different treating durations. DSC （differential scanning calorimetry） analysis indicates that the super-cooling texture decreases and the freezing range narrows evidently after the electric pulse treatment.     

多弯角板料弯曲成形金属流动规律研究

以刚塑性有限元模型为基础,对典型的多弯角宽板零件弯曲用MSC／superform软件进行数值模拟,科学地分析了多弯角板料同时成形过程的金属流动规律,根据模拟得到的应力场、应变场、速度场及加载变化等,可以预测变形时产生的缺陷,为该类零件的成形工艺提供了理论依据。     

重型机械企业信息化中的物料编码解决方案

制造企业实施信息化是以现代信息技术改造传统工业的有效手段。企业信息的集成是实施信息化的基础。本文作者在西安冶金机械有限公司实施ERP系统的实践中,在设计和工艺阶段有机整合现有的CAD和CAPP功能,通过解决物料编码的添加的问题,为重型机械制造企业实施ERP系统提供了有益的借鉴和指导。     

Electron beam welding of Re and BT5-1 titanium alloy

Based on the binary alloy phase diagram of Re-Ti, the weldability of Re and BT5-1 titanium alloy was analyzed. Using two methods of direct electron beam welding （EBW-D） and intergradafion electron beam welding （EBW-I）, Re and BT5-1 was welded. Experimental results show that the joint figuration of EBW-D between Re and BT5-1 is not fine, and the joint is inclined to brittleness rupture. The joint figuration of EBW-I between Re and BT5-1 is fine. No cracking and other disfigures occur in the intergradation joint. The element distribution of Re, Me, and Ti in the weld metal is progressional diversification.     

Microstructure and tensile properties of magnesium alloy modified by Si/Ca based refiner

Microstructure and mechanical properties of pure magnesium and AZ31 alloy with Ca/Si based refiner addition were investigated. The results indicate that addition of Ca/Si based refiners to pure magnesium and AZ31 alloy results in remarkable microstructure refinement. With proper amount of refiner addition, the grain size in as cast ingots can be one order of magnitude lower than that without refiner addition. Small amount of refiner addition to AZ31 alloy increases both ultimate strength and yield strength significantly,while the ductility of the alloy with refiner addition is similar to that without refiner addition. Addition of refiner improves the deformability of AZ31 alloy and extruded or hot rolled specimens （rods or sheets） with refiner addition exhibit higher surface quality and mechanical properties than those without refiner addition.     

TiO_2/O-′Sialon界面反应过程

以反应烧结的O-′Sialon和金红石型TiO2为研究对象,设计制备了TiO2/O-′Sialon扩散偶,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及电子探针微区分析(EPMA)等方法,对扩散偶的扩散界面及垂直于界面的断面进行了物相分析、形貌观察及元素面分布分析,并在此基础上探讨了TiO2/O-′Sialon界面反应过程。XRD结果表明:TiO2与O-′Sialon在界面处发生反应生成TiN和SiO2,但在1200℃时扩散反应程度微弱,界面处存在Sm2O3偏析,并且与SiO2生成Sm2Si2O7;SEM照片显示TiO2/O-′Sialon界面处存在不规则硅酸盐熔融层;EP-MA元素面分布分析表明Ti、Si等元素富集于硅酸盐熔融层内,只有微量元素扩散至基体内。综合分析结果得出,TiO2/O-′Sialon界面反应过程可分为三个阶段:物理接触阶段、熔融层形成及元素富集阶段、熔融层增长阶段。     

曲轴再制造毛坯连杆轴颈表面损伤对剩余疲劳寿命的影响*

为研究曲轴连杆轴颈表面损伤与曲轴再制造毛坯剩余疲劳寿命的相关性,基于有限元仿真计算获得的曲轴过渡圆角应力分布结果,选取含表面自然缺陷和人工预制缺陷的废旧曲轴,在谐振式弯曲疲劳试验台上进行曲轴弯曲疲劳试验。采用金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察疲劳断口处的组织和形貌,分析讨论表面缺陷对剩余疲劳寿命的影响。研究结果表明:废旧曲轴剩余疲劳寿命对于缺陷位置的敏感程度高于缺陷尺寸,连杆轴颈表面氮化层的剥落造成废旧曲轴剩余疲劳寿命显著降低。     

基于交流伺服系统的新型自适应滑模控制器设计

考虑交流伺服系统中非线性和不确定因素的影响,设计了一种新型的自适应滑模控制策略。该控制方法通过自适应律调节滑模增益达到克服系统参数摄动和外部扰动的目的,同时根据伺服系统数学模型,设计了控制律并证明了其稳定性。不同载荷条件下的仿真与实验研究表明,该控制策略能保证系统具有很好的控制输入特性与动态性能。     

圆柱斜齿轮锻造成形技术

介绍了圆柱斜齿轮塑性成形的2种方法,滚轧成形与浮动凹模成形。针对2种成形工艺,分别以不同型号的圆柱斜齿轮为对象进行了数值模拟与试验研究,探索了齿轮在不同工艺下,金属流动规律、成形缺陷及成形力等。结果表明：圆柱斜齿轮采用滚轧成形可有效避免脱模困难,且整个过程属于局部加栽,对设备要求简单。浮动凹模成形可有效降低成形载荷,较传统工艺载荷下降近30个百分点,脱模时,锻件齿形在模腔内沿螺旋方向做刚性平移运动,一定程度上保证了锻件的精度。