Physically-based modeling,simulation and rendering of fire for computer animation

We give an up-to-date survey on techniques and methods for fire simulation in computer graphics. Physically-based method prevails over traditional non-physical methods for realistic visual effect. In this paper, we explore visual simulation of fire-related phenomena in terms of physically modeling, numerical simulation and visual rendering. Firstly, we introduce a physical and chemical coupled mathematical model to explain fire behavior and motion. Several assumptions and constrains are put forward to simplify their implementations in computer graphics. We then give an overview of present methods to solve the most complicated processes in numerical simulation: velocity advection and pressure projection. In addition, comparisons of these methods are also presented respectively. Since fire is a participating medium as well as a visual radiator, we discuss techniques and problems of these issues as well. We conclude by addressing several open challenges and possible future research directions in fire simulation.     

Humidity‐sensitive properties of new polyelectrolytes based on the copolymers containing phosphonium salt and phosphine function

A simple strategy was developed based on a new reactive function‐ and a salt‐containing new monomer, 4‐vinylbenzyl dimethyl 2‐(dimethylphosphino)ethyl phosphonium chloride (VDEPC), to obtain stable humidity‐sensitive membranes. The major ingredient of a humid membrane is crosslinked polyelectrolytes obtained from copolymers of VDEPC/2‐ethylhexyl acrylate (2‐EHA) = 1/0, 4/1, and 2/1. Isothermal humidity absorption experiments were performed for the estimation of humidity‐sensing materials. The crosslinked copolymers prepared from the reaction of VDEPC/2‐EHA = 4/1 with 1,4‐dichlorobutane showed an average impedance of 595, 39.1, and 3.9 KΩ at 30, 60, and 90% RH, respectively. Their hysteresis, temperature dependence, frequency dependence, and response time were measured. The reliability including water resistance and a long‐term stability were estimated for the application of the common humidity sensor. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 1062–1070, 2003     

聚苯乙烯纳米塑料研究进展

介绍了聚苯乙烯纳米塑料的制备方法，对聚苯乙烯纳米塑料的研究进展进行了综述。     

纳米二氧化钛的现状与发展

介绍了目前纳米（超细）二氧化钛的几种基本制造方法，指出了二氧化钛的光催化性质、条件及原理，并且介绍了纳米二氧化钛的应用途径，主要是作为紫外光吸收剂、特殊颜料和化学催化剂使用。预测了未来10a纳米二氧化钛的生产消费情况。指出，到目前为止所有纳米（超细）粉体材料中，二氧化钛具有较好的光催化性质。     

Partitioning of polymers into pores with surface interactions at dilute solution limit

The partitioning of a single polymer chain into a slit in a good solvent with different surface interactions is examined through Monte Carlo simulations from subcritical regime to adsorptive regime. The chain conformation in the subcritical regime is not perturbed by the surface interactions significantly. In the adsorptive regime, the conformation of the chain is strongly perturbed by the surface interactions. The confinement free energy in the two regimes maybe written in a uniform formula, βΔμ_conf∼c₁N(a/D)^xε_w+c₂N(a/D)^1/ν with x∼2.0 or larger in the subcritical regime and ∼1.0 in the adsorptive regime, where ν is the Flory exponent, D is the slit width, N is the chain length, a is the monomer size, and ε_w is the surface interaction energy between the polymer beads and the slit. This formula is valid for a long chain in the narrow slit in the subcritical regime or when the adsorption layer h>D in the adsorptive regime. A critical behavior occurs when ε_w is at the critical adsorption point and x=1/ν, then Δμ_conf will have little dependence on N or D. Higher order terms that are neglected in the above equation, however, may be present that could lead to a weak dependence of K on N and D even in the critical adsorption point.     

国内外氟碳粉末涂料的开发现状与发展趋势

论述了国内外氟碳粉末树脂及涂料的开发现状,重点介绍热固性氟碳粉末树脂和涂料,比较了热塑性氟碳粉末涂料和热固性氟碳粉末涂料的性能及应用领域,指出今后氟碳粉末涂料的发展方向。     

氟碳粉末涂料的发展趋势

介绍了我国氟碳粉末涂料发展概况,对热塑性氟碳粉末涂料和热固性氟碳粉末涂料的性能特点、应用领域及市场发展前景进行了分析。     

Effects of nano‐ and micro‐fillers and processing parameters on injection‐molded microcellular composites

The effects of submicron core‐shell rubber (CSR) particles, nanoclay fillers, and molding parameters on the mechanical properties and cell structure of injection‐molded microcellular polyamide‐6 (PA6) composites were studied. The experimental results of PA6 nanocomposites with 5.0 and 7.5 wt% nanoclay loadings and of CSR‐modified PA6 composites with 0.5 and 3.1 wt% CSR loadings were compared to their neat resin counterparts. This study found that nanoclay was more efficient in promoting a smaller cell size, larger cell density, and higher tensile strength for microcellular injection molding parts. A higher nanoclay loading led to more brittle behavior for microcellular parts. It was found that a proper amount of CSR particles could be added to the microcellular injection‐molded PA6 to reduce the cell size, increase the cell density, and enhance the toughness of the molded part. However, CSR particles were less effective cell nucleation agents as compared to nanoclay for producing desirable cell structures, and a higher CSR loading was found to have diminishing effects on the process and on the properties of the parts. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 45:773–788, 2005. © 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers     

New anion exchanger organic–inorganic hybrid materials and membranes from a copolymerof glycidylmethacrylate and γ‐methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane

Organic–inorganic hybrid materials and mem branes were prepared through coating on Teflon plate or dip‐coating on microporous alumina substrates with the solution of glycidylmethacrylate (GMA) and γ‐methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (γ‐MPS) copolymer, followed by ring‐opening of the GMA moiety with trimethylamine hydrochloric and sol–gel reaction of the γ‐MPS moiety. Composition of the GMA and γ‐MPS copolymer was varied by changing the feed ratio of GMA to γ‐MPS during the copolymerization. So the thermal stability, hydrophilicity, electrical properties, etc. of the hybrid materials and membranes were varied. Results showed that as the γ‐MPS amount increased in the copolymer, T_d (the temperature on thermogram at 5% weight loss) value of the hybrid materials and water contact angle of the hybrid membrane generally increased, while the anion exchange capacity, water uptake (W_R) and pure water flux decreased. The charge transition point of the hybrid membranes deduced from their streaming potential behavior decreased from pH > 12 to pH = 7–8 as the γ‐MPS amount increased. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 3580–3589, 2006     

塑料挤出机主辅电机联动系统设计

本文在分析国内外挤出机生产线主辅电机同步联调特点的基础上,提出了一种实用的联调控制系统设计方案,控制系统设计采用纯硬件方式,可以广泛适用于国内未采用同步联调技术的挤出生产线,进行技术改造,对原有设备改动极小,具有很高的性能/价格比。