岷江百合与兰州百合鳞茎中多酚组分及其生物活性

为研究百合的抗氧化和抑菌活性,以野生岷江百合和兰州百合为材料,采用比色法、高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和比浊法对其鳞茎中总多酚、黄酮、黄烷醇、单体酚组分及含量、抗氧化能力和抑菌活性进行分析。结果表明:两种百合鳞茎中均富含多酚但种间存在显著差异(p<0.05),岷江百合鳞茎中总多酚、黄酮和黄烷醇的含量分别是兰州百合含量的2.07、2.25、3.16倍;在两种百合鳞茎中检测出14种单体酚,其中原矢车菊素B2含量最高,在岷江百合和兰州百合中分别达到了37.60、20.60 mg·kg^-1,除没食子酸外,岷江百合鳞茎中其他被检测出的单体酚含量是兰州百合的1.43~41.84倍;两种百合鳞茎多酚提取物均具有一定的抗氧化和抑菌活性,且岷江百合的抗氧化和抑菌活性均显著高于兰州百合(p<0.05),是兰州百合的1.40~14.40倍。野生岷江百合鳞茎多酚提取物具有抗氧化和抑菌双重作用,可作为天然抗氧化剂、抗菌药物应用于食品和医药业,具有良好的开发应用前景。     

采用微型桩加固塔吊基础的工程实践

天然地基承载力不能满足要求时,必须采用桩基加固塔吊基础。某高层建筑施工场地狭小,无法进行正常桩基础施工,采用微型桩加固塔吊地基处理仅用1d时间,经济效益良好,塔吊运行安全。     

酱香型酒糟醅酵母菌的初步分类及选育

对酱香型酒糟醅中的酵母菌进行了初步分类和优育酵母菌株的选育,结果表明:①酱香型酒糟中的酵母可分为5类,以2类和3类酵母最多,其次是4类酵母,1类和5类酵母均很少.②从3类酵母中选育出了5株发酵力强的菌株,其中5S26和5S32耐酒精能力达19%vol,5S4在温度为46℃水浴中处理48h,仍能良好地生长.③选育出的5S32酵母在主要酿酒原料(玉米、高粱、大米、红薯和小麦)糖化液中均表现出较强的发酵力.     

大气中氮化物的污染现状及危害

主要以上海、广州为例介绍大气中氮化物的污染现状,并从能源使用、机动车尾气排放等几方面分析氮化物污染的来源,另外从氮化物的破坏力以及造成酸雨等方面介绍大气中氮化物的危害。     

定子调压装置在起重机上的应用

介绍定子调压装置在起重机上的应用.     

卤醇脱卤酶催化合成(R)-1-氯-3-苯氧基-2-丙醇的工艺优化

以卤醇脱卤酶重组湿菌体E. coli BL21（pET28a-HHDH）为催化剂,催化外消旋的1-氯-3-苯氧基-2-丙醇的动力学拆分可以获得光学纯的(R)-1-氯-3-苯氧基-2-丙醇。本文系统地研究了卤醇脱卤酶催化合成光学纯(R)-1-氯-3-苯氧基-2-丙醇的影响因素,对反应pH、反应温度、菌体浓度、亲核试剂 {\mathrm{N}}_{\mathrm{3}}^{-} 浓度和底物浓度进行了探究。结果表明,卤醇脱卤酶催化合成(R)-1-氯-3-苯氧基-2-丙醇的最佳工艺条件为：pH为7.0,反应温度为28℃,菌体浓度为22.5g/L,亲核试剂NaN₃的浓度为50mmol/L,底物外消旋1-氯-3-苯氧基-2-丙醇的浓度为10mmol/L。在此工艺条件下,(R)-1-氯-3-苯氧基-2-丙醇的ee值和收率分别为100%和16.97%。     

The effect of oxidative stress on structural transitions of human erythrocyte ghost membranes

The influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) contains three highly conserved cysteine residues at positions 551, 559, and 562 close to the carboxyl-terminus of the HA2 subunit which serve as palmitylation sites. Wild-type HA of influenza virus A/FPV/Rostock/34 (H7N1) and HA permutated by exchange of the acylated cysteine to serine residues were expressed in CV-1 cells by a SV40 vector system. Since density of immunostained HA on the cell surface measured by flow cytometric analysis did not differ between wild-type and acylation mutants, it was possible to compare acylation mutants and wild-type HA for their capacity to induce membrane fusion at low pH. The following observations were made: (1) lateral diffusion of a lipid-like fluorophore (R-18) from the erythrocyte membrane to the plasma membrane of cells expressing HA on the surface occurred equally well with mutants and wild type. (2) Diffusion of a low-molecular-weight fluorescent water-soluble probe (calcein) from erythrocytes into the cytoplasm of HA-expressing cells was not altered either. (3) However, depending on the position and the number of the deleted acylation sites, the mutants showed a reduced ability to induce syncytia. The data indicate that deacylation of the cytoplasmic tail has no measurable effect on the capacity of HA to induce membrane fusion and pore formation but that it suppresses syncytia formation.     

Structural studies on the lipopolysaccharide from a rough strain of Ochrobactrum anthropi containing a 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxy-D-glucose disaccharide lipid A backbone

A degradation protocol using de-O-acylation and subsequent alkaline de-N-acylation was applied to the lipopolysaccharide of Ochrobactrum anthropi rough strain LMG 3301. Three main oligosaccharide bisphosphates containing core-lipid A backbone structures were obtained after fractionation by anion-exchange HPLC. Using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including two-dimensional COSY, TOCSY, and NOE spectroscopy (ROESY and NOESY), the following structures were established: [formula: see text] where Kdo is 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, D-GlcN3N is 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxy-D- glucose and R is H or alpha-D-GalpA or 4-deoxy-beta-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranuronic acid, the latter sugar being derived from alpha-D-GalpA by beta-elimination of a substituent attached to 0-4. This is the first report on the isolation from a lipopolysaccharide of an oligosaccharide containing GlcN3N in the lipid A backbone [beta-D-GlcpN3N4P-(1-->6)-alpha-D-GlcpN3N1 P]. Sugar and methylation analysis confirmed the presence of the GalA-->Kdo disaccharide and non-stoichiometric substitution of GalA. It is suggested that Glc is the substituent at 0-4 in GalA and that in the non-degraded lipopolysaccharide the amino group of GlcN is not acylated.     

Malignant melanoma in the small intestine

A case story of malignant melanoma is presented. The tumour was localised to the jejunum. The symptoms, diagnosis and treatment are described and the pathogenesis is discussed.     

Sphingosylphosphocholine reduces the calcium ion requirement for activating tissue transglutaminase

Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) catalyzes a Ca2+-dependent transglutaminase reaction resulting in the formation of gamma-glutamyl-epsilon-lysine bonds and is activated during apoptosis to catalyze the formation of apoptotic body. We investigate whether lipids that are membrane components and involved in cell signaling could modify the Ca2+-dependent activation of tTG. We found that sphingosylphosphocholine (lyso-SM) was the only lipid to activate transglutaminase at low Ca2+ concentrations. In the presence of lyso-SM (125 microM), transglutaminase was detectable at 10 microM Ca2+, whereas in the absence of lyso-SM, similar activity was obtained at 160 microM Ca2+. Furthermore, in the presence of lipid vesicles lyso-SM retained the ability to enhance the Ca2+-dependent activation of tTG. Lyso-SM did not significantly change the Km for the glutamyl and primary amine substrates. However, the Kact for Ca2+ was reduced from 300 microM to 90 microM. Structure-function studies of lyso-SM analogs indicate that phosphocholine group on C1, the free amino group at C2 and a C4-C5 double bond are critical for the activation of transglutaminase activity. This is the first demonstration that a specific sphingolipid could enhance the activity of tTG and could play a role in vivo in activation of the tTG at physiologic Ca2+ levels.