基于GRACE的京津冀地下水储量变化

基于2003—2019年GRACE陆地水储量变化数据和全球陆地水文模型（global land data assimilation system,GLDAS）数据反演京津冀地下水储量变化,运用时空分析方法对地下水等效水高变化进行时空演变特征分析。在空间变化上,整个京津冀地下水等效水高变化速率约为-51.77 mm/a,其中：北京市变化速率最低,约为-38.15 mm/a;天津市变化速率最高,约为-62.85 mm/a;河北省变化速率与区域平均变化水平相当,约为-52.42 mm/a。基于Sen Slope和Mann-Kendall非参数检验法分析得出西部、西南部和中部地区地下水等效水高下降[JP]趋势最明显,东北部下降趋势最小。在时间变化上,地下水等效水高变化具有一定的季节性规律：夏季变化速率最大,约为-75.99 mm/a;冬季变化速率最小,约为-37.24 mm/a;春秋两季的变化速率大致相同,分别为-52.34 mm/a和-48.21 mm/a。在影响因素分析中,人类活动是引起京津冀地区地下水等效水高变化的主要因素。研究结果可为科学掌握京津冀地下水储量时空变化规律提供数据支撑。     

A two-stage adaptive multi-fidelity surrogate model-assisted multi-objective genetic algorithm for computationally expensive problems

Surrogate model-assisted multi-objective genetic algorithms (MOGA) show great potential in solving engineering design problems since they can save computational cost by reducing the calls of expensive simulations. In this paper, a two-stage adaptive multi-fidelity surrogate (MFS) model-assisted MOGA (AMFS-MOGA) is developed to further relieve their computational burden. In the warm-up stage, a preliminary Pareto frontier is obtained relying only on the data from the low-fidelity (LF) model. In the second stage, an initial MFS model is constructed based on the data from both LF and high-fidelity (HF) models at the samples, which are selected from the preliminary Pareto set according to the crowding distance in the objective space. Then the fitness values of individuals are evaluated using the MFS model, which is adaptively updated according to two developed strategies, an individual-based updating strategy and a generation-based updating strategy. The former considers the prediction uncertainty from the MFS model, while the latter takes the discrete degree of the population into consideration. The effectiveness and merits of the proposed AMFS-MOGA approach are illustrated using three benchmark tests and the design optimization of a stiffened cylindrical shell. The comparisons between the proposed AMFS-MOGA approach and some existing approaches considering the quality of the obtained Pareto frontiers and computational efficiency are made. The results show that the proposed AMFS-MOGA method can obtain Pareto frontiers comparable to that obtained by the MOGA with HF model, while significantly reducing the number of evaluations of the expensive HF model.

     

An online multiple object tracker based on structure keeper net

We propose a novel online multiple object tracker taking structure information into account. State-of-the-art multi-object tracking (MOT) approaches commonly focus on discriminative appearance features, while neglect in different levels structure information and the core of data association. Addressing this, we design a new tracker fully exploiting structure information and encoding such information into the cost function of the graph matching model. Firstly, a new measurement is proposed to compare the structure similarity of two graphs whose nodes are equal. With this measurement, we define a complete matching which performs association in high efficiency. Secondly, for incomplete matching scenarios, a structure keeper net (SKnet) is designed to adaptively establish the graph for matching. Finally, we conduct extensive experiments on benchmarks including MOT2015 and MOT17. The results demonstrate the competitiveness and practicability of our tracker.

     

浅析管理在信息系统安全中的必要性

在信息系统安全规划和设计中,管理作为信息系统的安全基础和信息系统各安全层面的基本要素,已经成为构建安全、可用信息系统不可或缺的必要条件。文章针对管理在信息系统安全中的作用、特点进行了论述,并结合等级保护政策提出了相应的管理建议。     

工业远程监测系统中自组织网络结构研究与实现

针对工业远程监控系统覆盖地域广、监控对象的通讯环境差异大的问题,探讨了异构网络融合技术和自组织网络结构,提出了根据工业现场环境对监控系统的要求,采用多种通讯方式相结合、多种网络结构共存的方法组建工业远程监控网络;以供热管网远程监控系统为应用对象论证了方法的可行性,详细阐述了系统的自组织协议和软、硬件设计方案;该方案有效地利用了各种通讯方式的优点,避开了现场环境的限制,提高了系统的可靠性,降低了系统的建设、运行成本。     

基于PCA-BP神经网络的装甲车辆柴油机状态评估

针对装甲车辆柴油机摩托小时不能真实反映实际技术状况的问题,通过提取气缸压缩压力、加速时间、减速时间、供油提前角、振动能量和平均燃油流量等状态参数,运用主成分分析和BP神经网络相结合的方法构建了一种柴油机状态评估模型;该模型首先利用主成分分析方法将多个参数简化为两个综合参数,并根据综合参数的散点图对柴油机的状态进行初步划分,得到BP神经网络的训练数据;最后通过建立BP神经网络进行状态评估;评估结果表明,该模型准确度高,具有较好的应用和推广价值。     

一种改进的基于驱动模型的门式起重机消摆设计

为研究一种较快捷的起重机闭环消摆控制器,把由变频器、三相笼型异步电机、减速器所构成的驱动系统纳入到整个控制系统中来,通过建立精确的数学模型,得到电机转速与吊载摆动角度的传递关系;运用微加速度计,实时检测吊载摆动角度,加入负反馈,而设计出一种新型的自适应神经控制器;为加快学习速度,采用直接设计模型参考自适应控制策略;借助于液压实验室中PLC变频调速门式起重机实验平台,进行仿真和实验;证明了该方法消摆和定位更快,效果更好.     

通用视觉检测设备的专家在线平台设计

针对视觉检测设备在复杂的生产环境下存在图像处理参数设置问题,设计了一套B/S架构的通用的专家在线平台,通过在原有的视觉检测平台上增加一个普通的USB摄像头及相应的应用软件,并通过网络将出现的新问题的图像实时传输给生产厂家或外部专家,由专家通过浏览器设置合理的图像处理参数,平台综合了数据协同、远程培训等功能,达到了远程解决问题的目的。     

Do different reputation systems provide consistent signals of seller quality: a canonical correlation investigation of Chinese C2C marketplaces

In recent years, consumer-to-consumer (C2C) marketplaces such as eBay and Taobao have adopted a component rating system, and run it simultaneously with but independent of a binary rating system. This paper investigates the extent to which binary rating and component rating systems are able to provide consistent signals of sellers?? quality, focusing on the reputation system design under the Chinese context. Using field data from Taobao, we performed canonical correlation analyses and found that the reputation signals of the two systems are generally correlated. As expected, negative and neutral ratings accurately reveal buyer dissatisfaction. Our results, however, show that positive ratings exhibit negative correlations with the three component ratings (i.e., item-as-described, customer service, and on-time delivery), suggesting that large numbers of positive ratings on Taobao may encourage trust in the platform but do not help to choose credible sellers. Our results elucidate the role of cultural difference in explaining the negative relationship in China and provide important implications for the design of reputation systems.     

Analysis and control of general logical networks – An algebraic approach

Since Boolean network is a powerful tool in describing the genetic regulatory networks, accompanying the development of systems biology, the analysis and control of Boolean networks have attracted much attention from biologists, physicists, and systems scientists. From mathematical point of view, the dynamics of a Boolean (control) network is a discrete-time logical dynamic process. This paper surveys a recently developed technique, called the algebraic approach, based on semi-tensor product. The new technique can deal with not only Boolean networks, which allow each node to take two values, but also k-valued networks, which allow each node to take k different values, and mix-valued networks, which allow nodes to take different numbers of values.The paper provides a comprehensive introduction to the new technique, including (1) mathematical background of this new technique – semi-tensor product of matrices and the matrix expression of logic; (2) dynamic models of Boolean networks, and general (multi- or mix-valued) logical networks; (3) the topological structure of Boolean networks and general networks; (4) the basic control problems of Boolean/general control networks, which include the controllability, observability, realization, stability and stabilization, disturbance decoupling, identification and optimization, etc.; (5) some other related applications.