电子陶瓷材料元素分析的前处理方法研究

陶瓷材料,由于其耐高温、耐腐蚀、耐磨等性能优异,在各行各业应用相当广泛。但也正是因为它的这些特性,在使用化学方法进行元素分析时,会遇到样品难以消解的问题,导致测试无法进行。文章重点研究电子元件中常用的三氧化二铝、氧化锆类陶瓷材料的消解方法,并介绍使用ICP-OES对消解完全的样品溶液进行元素分析的注意事项。     

农药悬浮剂润湿分散剂研究进展

农药悬浮剂是将不溶于水的固体原药分散于水中而形成的分散体系。为了增加悬浮剂的稳定性,通常须加入一定量的适宜分散剂。因此,高性能新型润湿分散剂的研发具有重要意义。文章简要介绍了润湿分散剂的分类和稳定原理,讨论了农药悬浮剂研制时选择润湿分散剂应遵守的规则和选择方法,并论述了润湿分散剂研究进展情况。     

提高地方高校本科毕业论文质量策略的探究

本科毕业论文是本科教育的一个重要教学实践环节,是衡量高校教学质量的重要指标之一。文章介绍了地方高校毕业论文教学现状,分析其原因。从思想认识、时间保证、合理选题和加强指导等方面提出了提高本科毕业论文质量的一些途径和方法。     

阿利吉仑残留溶剂的测定

目的:建立阿利吉仑中残留有机溶剂的检测方法。方法:采用顶空毛细管气相色谱法,以二甲基亚砜为溶解介质,色谱柱为DB-624(30m*0.53 mm,3μm),载气为氮气,FID检测器,测定阿利吉仑中残留的甲醇、乙醇、乙醚、异丙醇、乙腈、二氯甲烷、叔丁基甲基醚、正己烷、异丙醚、乙酸乙酯、四氢呋喃、二氧六环和甲苯。结果:各被测溶剂均能良好分离,各溶剂线性关系良好,精密度RSD均小于10%,平均回收率为90%~110%之间。结论:该法适用于阿利吉仑原料药的残留溶剂测定。     

酸洗废液制备聚合氯化铁形态及稳定性研究

以钢铁盐酸酸洗废液为原料,催化氧化制备聚合氯化铁(PFC)。考察了聚合氯化铁稳定性的影响因素,并采用Ferron逐时络合比色法考察了制备温度、HCl/Fe的质量比、P/Fe的摩尔比、熟化时间对聚合氯化铁中铁形态分布及转化规律的影响。研究结果表明:在制备温度为60℃、HCl/Fe≥0.45,P/Fe≥0.12时,催化氧化制备的聚合氯化铁能稳定存在6个月以上,不发生水解。催化氧化制备的PFC中铁主要以Fe(a)和Fe(c)的形式存在,Fe(b)含量很少,随着熟化时间的延长,Fe(b)在14天左右完全消失。随HCl/Fe的质量比及P/Fe的摩尔比的增大,Fe(a)、Fe(b)含量先增加后降低,Fe(c)含量先减少后增加。     

低灰熔点无烟煤煤焦与CO_2催化气化特性研究

利用碱金属碳酸盐作催化剂,对低灰熔点无烟煤煤焦与CO2的催化气化反应活性进行研究.结果表明,反应活性主要受温度、催化剂种类及担载量的影响,催化活性顺序为:K2CO3Na2CO3Li2CO3,煤焦的反应活性随着催化剂担载量的增加而提高;在反应过程中,催化剂与煤焦中的物质会发生一定程度的反应,生成不溶性盐;煤焦的比表面积会随着催化剂担载量的增大而减小,但催化活性反而增强,其主要受到催化剂提供的反应活性中心的影响.     

One‐Step Synthesis of Superbright Water‐Soluble Silicon Nanoparticles with Photoluminescence Quantum Yield Exceeding 80%

Fluorescent silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) have shown potential applications in bioimaging/biolabelling, sensing, and nanomedicine/cancer therapy due to their superior properties such as excellent photostability, low cytotoxicity, and versatile surface modification capability. Here, a simple, high‐yield, and one‐pot method is developed to prepare superbright, water‐soluble, and amine‐functionalized SiNPs with photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) comparable to fluorescent II–VI semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) but with much lower cytotoxicity. By introducing a commercially available amine‐containing silane molecule, N‐[3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (DAMO), water‐soluble SiNPs are prepared with PLQY of 82.4% via a microwave‐assisted method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest PLQY value ever reported for water‐soluble fluorescent SiNPs. The silicon element in our SiNPs is mainly four‐valent silicon and thus these SiNPs may also be termed as oxidized silicon nanospheres or silica nanodots. We have also demonstrated the importance of the silane structure (e.g., a suitable amine content) on the photoluminescence property of the prepared SiNPs. As revealed by the time‐resolved photoluminescence technique, the highest PLQY value of DAMO SiNPs is correlated with their monoexponential decay with a relatively long fluorescence lifetime. In addition, the potential use of these SiNPs has also been demonstrated for fluorescent patterning/printing and ion sensing (including Cu²⁺ and Hg²⁺).     

预应力框架弯矩调幅设计应注意的几个问题

预应力框架弯矩调幅规律与连续梁相比有着自己的特点,通过对柱梁线刚度比、外荷载形式、次弯矩和柱铰可行性几个方面进行分析,希望可以对预应力框架弯矩调幅设计提供一点参考和帮助。     

Properties of ethylene–propylene copolymer/PA-1010 blends using ethylene–propylene copolymer-graft-acrylic acid as a compatibilizing agent

The modification of ethylene–propylene copolymer (EP) has been accomplished by radical initiators. The resulting EP-graft-acrylic acid (EP-g-AA) has been used to obtain ternary PA/EP/EP-g-AA blends by melt mixing. Different blend morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy: the domain size of the EP-dispersed phase in the polyamide 1010 matrix of compatibilized blends decreased compared with that of uncompatibilized blends. It is found that EP-g-AA used as the third component has a profound effect on the mechanical properties of the resulting blends. This behavior has been attributed to serious chemical interactions taking place between the two components. Thermal analysis shows that some thermal properties of PA in compatibilized PA/EP/EP-g-AA changed because of chemical reactions taken place during the blending process. Wide angle x-ray diffraction measurements also confirmed this result. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

金色闪光铝粉颜料的制备研究

本文采用乳液聚合法将聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)包覆在片状闪光铝粉颜料表面,得到了具有金色闪光效果的铝粉颜料.通过扫描电镜(SEM)照片表明在铝粉颗粒表面可形成厚度均匀的PMMA包覆干涉层;通过差热分析(TG)、光电子能谱(XPS)对片状铝粉表面结构进行分析,得出铝粉颗粒表面确实存在PMMA的包覆层且PMMA与铝粉颗粒是以化学键作用相结合.