Adaptive-intelligent control of intelligence flows as microheat transfer

From the point of view of microheat transfer, adaptive-intelligent controls (AIC) of intelligence flows by neural-network (NN)- and genetic-algorithm (GA)-systems are studied to breakthrough towards brain computing. Characteristics of information flows in NN- and GA-systems are derived. As an application computer-simulation system for nanostructured materials is constructed. AIC of intelligence flows are discussed.     

Surveillance study for clinical stage I testicular seminomas and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) (Octagam), was used to determine the effect on hyperacute rejection in an ex vivo xenograft model. Six pig kidneys were perfused with IVIG and fresh human AB blood, and six control pig kidneys were simultaneously perfused with albumin and blood from the same donation. The survival of the IVIG-perfused xenografts (median, 6.5 h) was significantly (P = 0.03) longer than the albumin-perfused xenografts (median, 3.5 h). Complement was activated in both groups. The administration of IVIG to the perfused blood resulted in immediate and significantly higher complement activation in the fluid phase as compared with the albumin group. At rejection the fluid phase complement activation was higher in the IVIG group than in the albumin group for C1rs/C1inh complexes, C4bc, Bb and TCC. At the time of rejection both the albumin and the IVIG group demonstrated interstitial tubular haemorrhage, vasculitis or necrosis of glomerular capillaries and glomerular microthrombi. IgM, C1q, C3c, C4 and fibrin were located in arteries and glomeruli and IgG in the interstitium in both groups at rejection. The fluid phase findings are consistent with a modulatory effect of IVIG on complement activation by deviating the classical pathway activation towards the fluid phase. The prolonged survival of the IVIG-perfused kidneys suggests that IVIG may be useful to dampen hyperacute rejection.     

Effects of pyrethroid insecticides on gap junctional intercellular communications in Balb/c3T3 cells by dye-transfer assay

The effects of fenvalerate, esfenvalerate, permethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, p-chlorophenylisovaleric acid (CPIA, major metabolite of fenvalerate) and DDT, a liver tumor promoter, on gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) were examined in Balb/c3T3 cells by dye-transfer assay. Separate groups of Balb/c3T3 cells were exposed to the chemicals for 1 day. On the following day, GJIC was measured by counting the number of dye-transferring cells per injection of Lucifer Yellow under a fluorescent microscope. Fenvalerate, esfenvalerate, permethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin and DDT inhibited GJIC at noncytotoxic concentrations, while CPIA did not inhibit GJIC even at a cytotoxic concentration. It is concluded that the examined pyrethyroid insecticides, but not a metabolite, have inhibitory effects on GJIC in Balb/c3T3 cells.     

Low-temperature thermometer using sputtered ZrNx thin film

A thin film thermometer using sputtered zirconium nitride has been investigated as a low-temperature thermometer. This film deposited on a sapphire substrate can be used to measure a wide temperature range from 1 to 300 K with reasonable sensitivity within a fast response time. The thermometer sensitivity can be altered by changing fabrication conditions. Moreover, the thermometer is almost insensitive to magnetic fields. The temperature error in a magnetic field of 6 T is less than 10 mK at 4.2 K.     

Kinetic study on propylene polymerization by a high activity catalyst system: MgCl2/TiCl4/PhCO2Et-AlEt3/PhCO2Et

Summary Kinetic study was performed in short time propylene polymerization with a high activity-high stereospecificity catalyst system composed of MgCl₂/TiCl₄/PhCO₂Et with AlEt₃/PhCO₂Et. The concentration of the active centers, [C ^*], the propagation rate constant, k _p, and the chain transfer rate, r _tr, were determined. The change of these values by the change of polymerization conditions, the concentration of monomer, AlEt₃, and the temperature, were studied.     

Laser weldability of high-strength steel sheets in fabrication of tailor welded blanks

Tailor welded blanks (TWBs) - pressing blanks arranged to combine, by welding, multiple steel sheets of different thicknesses and properties, and which may or may not have been surface-treated - are now extensively used in the automotive industry for fabrication of car body panels. TWBs were initially used at mass production level in Germany in the early 1980s and have since seen rapidly increasing engineering applications worldwide.^{1, 2} TWBs were originally viewed as a way of boosting material yields through reuse of pressed-off edge material as well as of cutting manufacturing costs by reducing the number of component spot welds, number of welding operations, and number of pressing dies through integral forming of multiple pressings after pre-welding of blanks from conventional spot welding production.     

Effects of Ethanol Addition and Ba/Ti Ratios on Preparation of Barium Titanate Nanocrystals Via a Spray Pyrolysis Method

BaTiO₃ nanocrystals were synthesized by using a low-pressure spray pyrolysis (SP) method. A new strategy was proposed to improve nanocrystal formation and phase evolution by ethanol addition and Ba/Ti molar ratio variation, respectively. A mixture of submicron and nanoparticles was found with SP of precursors without ethanol addition, while only nanoparticles could be obtained by ethanol addition. BaTiO₃ crystal growth was improved by increasing the Ba/Ti ratio. In comparison, SP of the same precursor under atmospheric conditions resulted in only submicron particles with smooth surfaces and irregular morphology.     

Finite element method for unbounded field problems and application to two-dimensional taper

Treatment of the finite element method for an unbounded field problem was proposed by McDonald and Wexler in 1972. Their method is superior to others, because it can exclude the singularities of Green's functions. This paper explains the treatment of the method in our 1979 letter which had some revisions of McDonald and Wexler's and calculated the time-harmonic field problems. Examples presented are electromagnetic fields of two-dimensional tapers which are open-ended. Electromagnetic waves propagate in the taper and radiate from the taper to free space. In this case, the exact solutions for radiation from tapers are not available because of the complicated shape, and so the finite element method is useful in solving these problems. Electromagnetic fields of tapers involving dielectric slabs are also calculated as examples of inhomogeneous problems.