Synthesis and properties of homogeneously dispersed polyamide 6/MWNTs nanocomposites via simultaneous in situ anionic ring‐opening polymerization and compatibilization

Toluene 2, 4‐diisocyanate (TDI) functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs‐NCO) were used to prepare monomer casting polyamide 6 (MCPA6)/MWNTs nanocomposites via in situ anionic ring‐opening polymerization (AROP). Isocyanate groups of MWNTs‐NCO could serve as AROP activators of ?‐caprolactam (CL) in the in situ polymerization. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) showed that a graft copolymer of PA6 and MWNTs was formed in the in situ polymerization. MWNTs‐PA6 covalent bonds of the graft copolymer constituted a strong type of interfacial interaction in the nanocomposites and increased the compatibility of MWNTs and MCPA6 matrix. The nanocomposites were characterized for the morphology, mechanical, crystallization, and thermal properties through field emission transmission electron microscopy (FETEM), tensile testing, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). FETEM analysis showed that MWNTs were homogeneously dispersed in MCPA6 matrix. The initial tensile strengths and tensile modulus of the nanocomposite with 1.5 wt % loading of MWNTs were enhanced by about 16 and 13%, respectively, compared with the corresponding values for neat MCPA6. DSC analysis indicated that the crystallization temperature of the nanocomposites was increased by 8°C by adding 1.5 wt % MWNTs compared with pure MCPA6. Besides, it was found that the thermal stability of MCPA6 was improved by the addition of the MWNTs. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Melting behaviors,isothermal crystallization kinetics,and morphology of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/stainless steel fiber composites

The melting behavior and crystallization kinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT)/stainless steel fiber (SSF) composites were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry. The morphology was studied with scanning electron microscopy and polarized optical microscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis revealed that the crystallization temperature increased by 27°C with the addition of 1 vol % SSF to the matrix. The Avrami exponents, analyzed in isothermal crystallization kinetics, were determined to be 2–3 for both neat PTT and PTT/SSF composites. SSF, as a nucleating agent in the composites, greatly increased the crystallization rate. The activation energies of the composites were obviously lower than that of pure PTT, and this indicated much easier crystallization of the composites. All these samples exhibited banded spherulites, and the spherulite size gradually decreased with the SSF loading increasing. Subsequent melting behaviors revealed that all of these samples, especially of the composites, exhibited triple melting peaks at all crystallization temperatures studied. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

HDPE chelate membranes prepared by preirradiation grafting for adsorption of heavy metal ions

A new chelate membrane was prepared by grafting of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto high‐density polyethylene membranes and subsequent amination of poly‐GMA graft chains. The effects of grafting conditions such as radiation dose and temperature on grafting yield were studied. Effects of various parameters such as grafting yield, pH, and adsorption time on the metal uptake were investigated. The results show that the maximum metal uptake followed as given in the order Cr (III)>Fe (III)>Cu (II)>Cd (II). The metal uptake increased with grafting yield, adsorption time, pH of the medium, and initial concentration. The chelated metal ions are easily desorbed with 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid at room temperature. The results obtained from the chelate membrane showed a promising application in extraction of heavy metal ions from industrial effluents. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

四针状氧化锌晶须对聚丙烯力学性能及抗菌性能的影响

采用偶联剂KH-570对四针状氧化锌晶须(T-ZnOw)进行表面改性,制备了聚丙烯(PP)/改性T-ZnOw复合材料。对复合材料进行了X射线衍射分析,并考察了T-ZnOw含量对复合材料力学性能和抗菌性能的影响。结果表明:T-ZnOw在PP基体中结晶良好;适量添加经过表面改性的T-ZnOw能提高复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和弯曲强度;在T-ZnOw含量为4%时,复合材料即可达到国家规定的抗菌要求。     

利用测定磷矿浆相对密度快速确定磷矿浆含固量的方法

由于目前生产中测定磷矿浆含固量的方法需要3h,影响生产控制,为此,对磷矿浆相对密度、含固量的实验数据进行统计分析,找出两者相关关系,列出回归方程。生产中可方便测定矿浆相对密度,通过回归方程快速计算出磷矿浆含固量,用于指导生产,其误差为生产所允许。     

液态Sn-2.8Ag0.5CuX钎料性能的研究

采用一种新方法制备Sn-2.8Ag0.5CuX亚共晶改性钎料,研究液态钎料的工艺性能。发现原子掺杂能显著改善液态钎料的抗氧化性、润湿性和漫流性,而亚共晶的成分设计既能降低钎料成本,又能延长液态钎料在使用过程中的稳定性。在265℃和大气气氛下,液态钎料表面氧化渣的生成速率仅为0.36mg/cm2·min;当采用RMA-flux钎剂时,t0=0.82s,F3=0.75mN,扩展率接近78%。     

螺旋面数控加工方法研究

研究大模数少齿数螺旋转子的数控加工和编程技术.用普通球头铣刀在四轴加工中心上铣削转子的螺旋齿面,采用计算机辅助编制数控加工程序.首先在Pro/E软件中绘出转子的模型,然后通过自行编制程序将转子端面型线即渐开线和摆线离散化,求得刀触点,结合渐开线和摆线的性质,利用微分几何工具计算出该类曲面的法矢,将法矢单位化,得到各点的单位法矢,选择合适的球头铣刀的半径,继而求得刀具中心数据,即刀位点坐标值,按刀位点坐标值编写数控程序.从而实现了在单件小批量生产时此类螺旋转子低成本的加工.     

虚拟数控加工过程的研究

采用虚拟加工技术,设计了双刀架数控车床的虚拟数控加工系统,介绍了一种三维动画仿真技术及其特点。     

细菌氧化预处理含砷难处理金矿的研究进展

含砷难处理硫化矿经过细菌预氧化,将包裹Au的硫化矿物毒砂、黄铁矿等溶解、破坏,将Au暴露出来,可大大提高后续氰化浸出中Au的回收率。细菌氧化技术具有投入低、工艺简单、污染轻或无污染等优点。作者在回顾细菌浸矿发展历史与现状的基础上,着重阐述了含砷难处理金矿细菌氧化预处理的机理、氧化菌种和工艺流程,并提出了该技术现存的一些亟待解决的问题。     

金属轧制扩散复合技术基础研究

利用热模拟试验机模拟研究轧制扩散一次成形的可能性。研究了环境（真空、大气条件）、加压和加热过程、变形量以及复合面表面处理状况对复合接头剪切强度的影响,并分析了各种条件下接头的界面结合情况。研究结果对正确选择轧制扩散工艺条件具有参考价值。