芳烃烷基化反应性能对烷基化脱除汽油中硫化物过程的影响

以苯、甲苯和二甲苯作为芳烃模型化合物,考察了它们的烷基化反应性能,并将其对噻吩烷基化反应性能的影响进行了比较。实验结果表明,苯和二甲苯的烷基化反应性能比甲苯低得多,在反应温度60℃、压力1.5M Pa、质量空速3.0h-1、反应时间1h时,苯、二甲苯的转化率分别为8.88%和1.76%,甲苯转化率较高(达到43.21%);芳烃的烷基化反应性能均远低于噻吩的烷基化反应性能,在苯、甲苯和二甲苯存在时,噻吩转化率分别达到98.04%,87.68%,59.85%;在烯烃过量的情况下,苯和甲苯对噻吩烷基化反应的影响很小,而二甲苯的存在则可以在反应刚开始的较短时间内抑制噻吩的烷基化反应;芳烃烷基化反应性能影响烯烃烷基化反应性能的强弱顺序为:二甲苯>甲苯>苯。     

Design and screening of zwitterionic polymer scaffolds for rapid underwater adhesion and long-term antifouling stability

As key components of antifouling material surfaces, the design and screening of polymer molecules grafted on the substrate are critical. However, current experimental and computational models still retain an empirical flavor due to the complex structure of polymers. Here, we report a simple and general strategy that enables multiscale design and screening of easily synthesized functional polymer molecules to address this challenge. Specifically, the required functions of the antifouling material are decomposed and assigned to different modules of the polymer molecules. By designing different modules, a novel bio-inspired polymer with three zwitterionic poly (sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA) chains, three catechol (DOPA) anchors (tri-DOPA-PSBMA), and a tris(2-aminoethyl) amine (TREN) scaffold were screened out. Moreover, it was successfully synthesized via an atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The excellent performance of tri-DOPA-PSBMA with a versatile and convenient grafting strategy makes it a promising material for marine devices, biomedical devices, and industrial applications.     

Wind power potential in Turkey and Akhisar case study

Wind energy potential in various parts of Turkey is becoming economical due to reductions in the wind turbine costs, and in fossil fuel atmospheric pollution. The global change program imposes restrictions for use of alternative renewable and environmentally friendly energy sources. Wind energy is among such energy potentials and its practical and economical use gain significance day by day. The first wind energy turbine site investigation and wind power application possibility have been presented for the Akhisar area within the eastern provinces of Turkey. Different wind turbine technologies are assessed according to the local wind speed variations. Locally and technologically suitable wind turbines are selected. Finally their locations are decided by expert views and field measurements with the usage of well known WASP software. It is calculated that a minimum of 31436 MWh/year wind can be generated in this site. In the calculations 10% error possibility is allowed.     

Self‐centering viscoelastic diagonal brace for the outrigger of supertall buildings: Development and experiment investigation

This paper aims to improve the seismic performance of outriggers within supertall buildings and eliminate the defects of obvious degradation of stiffness, low energy dissipation capacity, and large residual deformation after the buckling of traditional diagonal members by presenting a new type of outrigger. The traditional profiled steel diagonal member is replaced with a self‐centering viscoelastic diagonal brace (SC‐VEDB) in the proposed outrigger, providing enhanced energy dissipation and self‐centering capacity. The new SC‐VEDB is composed of the inner and outer steel tubes, viscoelastic materials, and prestressed tendons. Energy dissipation capacity is produced by the shear deformation of viscoelastic materials, whereas prestressed tendons provide the self‐centering capacity. The working mechanism of SC‐VEDB is first theoretically analyzed. Following this, two specimens with a length of 2.2 m were designed, fabricated, and tested under low cyclic reversed loadings within different frequencies and pretension forces. The results confirm that the hysteretic curve of SC‐VEDB has a typical flag shape, which imparts the stable stiffness, good energy dissipation, and self‐centering capacities. The activation force of SC‐VEDB is mainly determined by the initial pretension force, and the post‐activation stiffness predominantly depends on the stiffness of the prestressed tendons. Moreover, SC‐VEDB has better repairability, and the initial hysteretic behavior of the component can be quickly recovered by replacing the damaged prestressed tendons. A refined finite element model for SC‐VEDB is established to predict its hysteretic behavior, and the numerical simulation corresponds well with the experimental results. The maximum relative error of the initial elastic stiffness and ultimate strength is approximately 4.6% and 1.3%, respectively, which verifies the accuracy of the SC‐VEDB numerical simulation method.     

长程TiO2纳米管阵列表面的超声清洗及其光催化性能

通过阳极氧化法在NH4F/乙二醇/H₂O的电解液中制备了长程TiO₂纳米管阵列。借助超声手段分别采用蒸馏水、丙酮和异丙醇作为超声介质清除了TiO₂纳米管阵列表面的集束,探讨其对TiO₂纳米管阵列光催化活性的影响。采用SEM、TG和XRD等对TiO₂纳米管阵列进行表征。结果表明,超声处理明显清除了纳米管阵列表面集束,超声介质对清洗过程有重要影响,丙酮相对于蒸馏水和异丙醇更适合作为超声介质,且超声超过30 min,纳米管阵列的光催化活性得到明显提高。     

盘管式冰蓄冷系统施工技术

冰蓄冷中央空调,即利用昼夜供电峰谷电位差,在夜间制冷机组制冰,白天融冰供冷,降低了用电成本。冰蓄冷技术的应用,目前还缺少相应的国家专项施工验收规范。通过工程实例,介绍了冰蓄冷系统的设备配置.蓄冰槽的深化施工设计、蓄冰盘管安全装施工技术。实践证明,盘管式冰蓄冷系统具有节能和经济特征,有推广价值。