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31.
Mutual information-based analysis of JPEG2000 contexts. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Context-based arithmetic coding has been widely adopted in image and video compression and is a key component of the new JPEG2000 image compression standard. In this paper, the contexts used in JPEG2000 are analyzed using the mutual information, which is closely related to the compression performance. We first show that, when combining the contexts, the mutual information between the contexts and the encoded data will decrease unless the conditional probability distributions of the combined contexts are the same. Given I, the initial number of contexts, and F, the final desired number of contexts, there are S(I, F) possible context classification schemes where S(I, F) is called the Stirling number of the second kind. The optimal classification scheme is the one that gives the maximum mutual information. Instead of using an exhaustive search, the optimal classification scheme can be obtained through a modified generalized Lloyd algorithm with the relative entropy as the distortion metric. For binary arithmetic coding, the search complexity can be reduced by using dynamic programming. Our experimental results show that the JPEG2000 contexts capture the correlations among the wavelet coefficients very well. At the same time, the number of contexts used as part of the standard can be reduced without loss in the coding performance. 相似文献
32.
Junwei Fu Zhengbiao Zhang Zhenping Cheng Jian Zhu Wei Zhang Xiulin Zhu 《Polymer Bulletin》2008,61(3):287-297
A novel reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) reagent bearing triphenylamine (TPA)
group, 4-diphenylamino-dithiobenzoic acid benzyl ester (DDABE), was designed and synthesized. It was used
in the RAFT polymerizations of styrene (St) and methyl acrylate (MA) to prepare end-functionalized polymers.
The results of the polymerization showed that the RAFT polymerizations could be well controlled using DDABE
as the RAFT agent. Number-average molecular weight (Mn,GPC) increased linearly
with monomer conversion, and molecular weight distributions were relatively narrow (PDI<
1.50). The results of chain-extension reaction, 1H NMR spectra and UV/Vis
spectra confirmed that most of the polymers chains were end-capped by the functional triphenylamine
(TPA) groups. The effect of feed molar ratios of St/DDABE/AIBN on polymerization was investigated. 相似文献
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设计了一种适合在低电源电压下工作的前馈型输入级放大结构,在全摆幅的动态工作范围内,输入级跨导保持不变,采用负载电流补偿以保证增益近似恒定,输出采用前馈型AB类输结构,实现全摆幅输出。 相似文献
35.
通过分析PHS网络中各寻呼区的统计指标,剖析指标劣化的根本原因,采取修改相应的参数配置、移站、调整天线等措施进行网络优化,优化实施后再次收集统计指标做对比分析,总结经验。 相似文献
36.
Termites live in a material world: exploration of their ability to differentiate between food sources. 下载免费PDF全文
Ra Inta Joseph C S Lai Eugene W Fu Theodore A Evans 《Journal of the Royal Society Interface》2007,4(15):735-744
Drywood termites are able to assess wood size using vibratory signals, although the exact mechanism behind this assessment ability is not known. Important vibratory characteristics such as the modal frequencies of a wooden block depend on its geometry and boundary conditions; however, they are also dependent on the material characteristics of the block, such as mass, density and internal damping. We report here on choice experiments that tested the ability of the drywood termite Cryptotermes secundus to assess wooden block size using a solid wooden block paired with a composite block, the latter made of either wood and aluminium or wood and rubber. Each composite block was constructed to match mass or low-frequency vibratory modes (i.e. fundamental frequency) of the solid wooden block. The termites always chose the blocks with more wood; they moved to the solid wooden blocks usually within a day and then tunnelled further into the solid wooden block by the end of the experiment. Termites offered composite blocks of wood and rubber matched for mass were the slowest to show a preference for the solid wooden block and this preference was the least definitive of any treatment, which indicated that mass and/or damping may play a role in food assessment. This result clearly shows that the termites were not fooled by composite blocks matched for mass or frequency, which implies that they probably employ more than a single simple measure in their food assessment strategy. This implies a degree of sophistication in their ability to assess their environment hitherto unknown. The potential importance of alternative features in the vibrational signals is discussed. 相似文献
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采用X射线衍射分析技术,研究了脉冲化学镀非晶态Ni-P合金的原子分布和函数,得出其短程有序原子集团的尺度为0.754nm,约为熔体激冷法获得的非晶态Ni-P合金短程有序畴的1/2。并利用脉冲化学沉积非晶态合金的微机制择这一结果进行了解释。 相似文献
40.
哈尔滨炼油厂MTBE装置试生产 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
介绍了哈尔滨炼油厂MTBE装置的工艺路线、新技术的应用及特点;催化剂的装填及应用情况;总结了生产过程中遇到的一系列问题及解决办法;探索了平稳生产的新徐径,以保证装置安全、平稳、长周期运行;同时对反应器操作温度、催化蒸馏塔操作压力、原料中醇烯比等因素对异丁烯转化率及MTBE产品的影响做了简单的总结。 相似文献