A Study on Continuous Extraction of Cadmium by Using Liquid Surfactant Membrane

ＡＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＣｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓＥｘｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎｏｆＣａｄｍｉｕｍｂｙＵｓｉｎｇＬｉｑｕｉｄＳｕｒｆａｃｔａｎｔＭｅｍｂｒａｎｅ￥（孙德智）（周定）ＳＵＮＤｅｚｈｉ；ＺＨＯＵＤｉｎｇ（Ｄｅｐｔ．ＡｐｐｌｉｅｄＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ，ＨａｒｂｉｎＩ...     

脉动流参数对旋流器分离性能的影响

介绍了脉动实验系统及相关的实验参数,研究了脉动流的一些主要参数对水力旋流器分离性能的影响,详细分析了脉动周期比、流量脉动幅值比和雷诺数等参数对水力旋流器用于细颗粒分离性能的影响。结果表明,在脉动周期比为0.68及流量脉动幅值比为2%左右等条件下,流量的脉动反而会提高水力旋流器的分离效率。     

Increase in functional groups for POSS by introducing branched phenylglycidylether

In the selected experimental conditions, firstly, the branched products with functional groups, N-(2-hydroxylpropylphenylether) (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APES-PGE,containing one hydroxyl group) and N-[di(2-hydroxylpropylphenylether)] (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APES-PGE2,containing two hydroxyl groups), were synthesized by reacting 1 mole of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APES) with 2 mole of phenylglycidylether (PGE).Then the hydrolytic condensation of APES-PGE and APES-PGE2 was performed by dissolving 1g of the corresponding silane in 1.5ml tetrahydrofuran (THF), adding water and eventually a catalyst(molar ratios:[H2O]/Si=3,[NaOH]/Si=0.05),and heating at 50℃ for 24h, allowing continuous evaporation of volatiles. The final products with branches containing hydroxyl groups were polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS).The products from two reactions were characterized by standard spectroscopic techniques,gel partition chromatography (GPC), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and matrix-assisted ultraviolet laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UV-MALDI-TOF MS). Additionally, a narrow mass distribution of muhifunctionalized POSS was shown by UV-MALDI-TOF MS and assignments of the MS peaks.     

Demulsification of Emulision Liquid Membrane by Wetting Coalescence Materials

Demulsification of emulsified watsr-in-oll droplets was worked out with the employment of wetting coalescence mtsrials. Demulsification is carried out in conventional stirted-colunm and packed-column, Among the four kinds of natural fibers and two kinds of inorganic materials tested, natural fiber A, originated from wood shavings was found to give the best performance of demulsifica-tion. The demulaification efficiency can exceed 96.5% when demulsification conditions are optimized. The packed-column showed much better performance both in terms of demulsification efficiency and repeated use of the recovered oll phase for extracting cadmium in simulated wastewater. Operating variables governing the demuliifieation efficiencv were inventigated.     

用沸石去除饮用水中氨的研究

系统地研究了天然沸石去除饮用水中低浓度氨的工艺参数,包括沸石的粒径大小、水流流速、初始氨浓度和pH等对处理效果的影响;对再生液中钠离子浓度、pH及其再生液流速对沸石再生的影响进行了研究,结果表明,该种天然沸石不仅能很好地去除水中微量氨离子,而且还能被有效地重复于生;经重复使用和再生18次,其氨交换容量仅降低了4%,因此,该天然沸石用于去除水中微量氨,具有工业应用的潜力。     

用于染料废水CWPO处理的Fe2O3-CeO2/γ-Al2O3催化剂的制备及活性

采用分层浸渍法研制出负载型Fe₂O₃-CeO₂/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂,并使用BET、XPS和XRF方法对其进行了表征.以偶氮染料模拟废水为目标降解物,考察了该催化剂在催化湿式过氧化氢氧化工艺（CWPO）中的催化活性.结果表明,对于500 mg·L^-1的甲基橙模拟染料废水,在常温（25℃）和常压条件下,当催化剂Fe2O3-CeO2/γ-Al2O3和氧化剂H2O2的投加量分别为30 g·L^-1和330 mg·L^-1时,处理3 h时的脱色率、COD去除率和TOC去除率分别可达88.77%、89.54%和81.44%,表明该催化剂在CWPO工艺中具有较高的催化活性.     

正硅酸乙酯对杂化膜纳米力学性能的影响

分别采用溶胶-凝胶方法,以三种硅烷偶联剂GPMS、MPMS和VMS为前驱体,调节。TEOS与硅烷偶联剂的比例,合成了三类典型的不同TEOS含量的倍半硅氧烷杂化膜．通过MTS Nano Indenter XP系统进行纳米压痕检测,讨论了不同TEOS含量对涂层的纳米力学性能的影响．由测试结果可知,TEOS影响杂化膜的硬度和模量,质量分数为20％TEOS的MPMS杂化膜显示了最佳的综合力学性能,硬度为0．51GPa、模量为9．04 GPa、脆性指数为0．056．     

不同炭材料对Zn-PANi二次电池性能的影响

在聚苯胺合成过程中加入石墨、活性炭和酚醛炭,得到的PANi/C复合材料用于组装Zn-PANi二次电池.研究发现:具有苯环结构的石墨和酚醛炭,能够大幅度提高材料的导电性:减小电池内阻;而活性炭和酚醛炭具有大的比表面积和羟基官能团,有利于PANi在其表面的物理和化学吸附,提高PANi分散性,电池容量大幅度提高.尤其是酚醛炭...     

ZnAl类水滑石制备温度对吸附剩余污泥脱水液中磷酸根的影响

A group of Zn-Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were synthesized at different temperatures from 25–90 °C in order to investigate the influence of synthesis temperature on characteristics of the LDHs and their phosphate adsorption behaviour. The results reveal that an increase in the synthesis temperature generally improves the specific surface area of the sample and the phos-phate adsorption capacity. The significantly enhanced crystallinity of the Zn-Al-30, synthesized at 30 °C, leads to a remarkable de-crease in the specific surface area and consequently a poor phosphate adsorption capacity. It is suggested that the surface adsorption plays an important role in the phosphate uptake by the Zn-Al LDHs. Zn-Al-70 presents a relatively higher crystallinity and a lower specific surface area, compared with Zn-Al-60 and Zn-Al-80, but the highest phosphate adsorption capacity, indicating that surface adsorption is only one of the pathways for phosphate removal. The phosphate adsorption by the Zn-Al follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. The adsorption isotherms fit Langmuir models, and the maximum adsorption capacities of the Zn-Al-25, Zn-Al-50 and Zn-Al-70 are estimated to be 17.82, 21.01 and 27.10 mg•g1 adsorbent, respectively.     

脉动流条件下气体对旋流分离特性的影响

在原有旋流技术研究实验装置基础上, 增加一套脉动信号发生系统, 开展了脉动流条件下气体对水力旋流器分离特性影响的实验研究。研究结果表明: (1) 在一定条件下, 脉动流对提高水力旋流器的分离效率是有利的; (2) 在雷诺数Re=17 000、旋数S=9、脉动幅值比RQ=4%的条件下, 气液比Rgl=1左右时溢流颗粒相对净化率达到最大; (3) 在脉动流条件下, 气体的存在对水力旋流器分离效果的影响相对于稳定流要弱一些; (4) 随着含气量的上升, 流量脉动幅值增加比逐渐加大, 其变化趋势大体呈抛物线形。