大型复杂工程管理的方法论

本文首先对大型工程系统中的复杂性展开详细分析,然后结合复杂性管理中的各种概念和理论,进一步探讨大型复杂工程管理上的综合集成管理方法论,以供参考。     

Room Temperature Ferromagnetism in Co-doped CuAlO2 Nanofibers Fabricated by Electrospinning

One-dimensional, diluted magnetic semiconductor nanofibers have attracted increasing attention for their unique magnetic properties, large specific surface area, and high porosity. These qualities lead to excellent performance in magneto-optical devices, magnetic resonance imaging, ferrofluids and magnetic separation. The purpose of this study is to fabricate P-type one dimensional CuAlO2-based diluted magnetic semiconductor nanofibers. First, we fabricated Cu Al0.95Co0.05O2 nanofibers with an average diameter of 1 μm with the electrospinning method. The annealed nanofibers were thermally treated at a temperature of 1 100 ℃ and then shrunk to a diameter of about 650 nm. We used X-ray diffraction measurements and Raman spectra to confirm that the Cu Al0.95Co0.05O2 nanofibers had a single impurity free delafossite phase. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicates that Co was present in the +2 oxidation state, resulting in an room temperature ferromagnetism in the Cu Al0.95Co0.05O2 fiber. This contrasts with nonmagnetism in pristine CuAlO2 fiber. The coercivity(Hc) value of 65.26 Oe and approximate saturation magnetization(Ms) of 0.012 emu/g demonstrate good evidence of ferromagnetism at room temperature for Cu Al0.95Co0.05O2 nanofibers.     

Health Monitoring of Long-Haul Fiber Communication System Using Chaotic OTDR

A novel chaotic optical time-domain reflectometry(OTDR)-based approach was proposed for monitoring long-haul fiber communication systems with multiple fiber segments. The self-phase modulation and group velocity dispersion effects of the optical cable was considered in demonstrating the proof-of-concept experiment and simulation. In experiments, the correlation peaks are clearly obtained from the correlation trace between the reference and reflected(or scattered) light signals propagating in three optical-fiber segments. The technique affords a high spatial resolution of 2 m, and further long-haul fiber simulations indicate that the sensing distance can be more than 3300 km. Thus, the new proposed technique can be effectively applied for health monitoring of long-haul fiber communication systems.     

共享交通的时空轨迹检索与群体发现

为解决共享交通下的共乘用户群体发现效率低、准确率不高问题，依据R-树原理建立GeoOD-Tree索引，并在此基础上提出以最大化共乘率为目标的群体发现策略。首先，对原始时空轨迹数据进行特征提取与标定处理，挖掘有效出行起讫点（OD）轨迹；其次，针对用户起讫点轨迹的特征，建立GeoOD-Tree索引进行有效的存储管理；最后，给出以最大化共乘行程为目标的群体发现模型，并运用K最近邻（KNN）查询对搜索空间剪枝压缩，提高群体发现效率。采用西安市近12000辆出租车营运轨迹数据，选取动态时间规整（DTW）等典型算法与所提算法在查询效率与准确率上进行性能对比分析。与DTW算法相比，所提算法的准确率提高了10.12%，查询效率提高了约15倍。实验结果表明提出的群体发现策略能有效提高共乘用户群体发现的准确率和效率，可有效提升共乘出行方式的出行率。     

基于教学中单片机系统的可靠性分析

在高职院校中,单片机系统是一项不可缺少的技术。但是单片机系统在运行过程中会受到外界的干扰而出现问题,所以需要提高单片机控制系统的可靠性,才能够提高高职院校各科目的教学质量。     

基于嵌入式系统的智能购物车的开发研究

智能超市购物车主要解决超市购物过程中寻找商品困难,付款排队时间久,购物体验差,效率低下等问题。文章主要介绍智能购物车的硬件组成、工作原理、使用意义等。智能购物车具有室内导航、条码扫描、管理购物列表、生成付款码等功能。当我们推着购物车在超市购物时,可以通过触摸屏输入寻找所需商品名称获取导航路线;可以通过扫描商品条码查看商品基本信息;可以随时查看已购物品的单价和总价钱等。在付款时也可以通过选择扫码支付或者现金支付的方式。智能超市购物车的使用,能够大大提高购物效率,提升购物体验,达到超市和顾客双赢的目的。     

Preparation of Silver Nanowires via a Rapid,Scalable and Green Pathway

Rapid synthesis of silver nanowires(Ag NWs) with high quality and a broad processing window is challenging because of the low selectivity of the formation of multiply twinned particles at the nucleation stage for subsequent Ag NWs growth.Herein we report a systematic study of the water-involved heterogeneous nucleation of Ag NWs with high rate(less than 20 min) in a simple and scalable preparation method.Using glycerol as a reducing agent and a solvent with a high boiling point,the reaction is rapidly heated to 210 ℃ in air to synthesize Ag NWs with a very high yield in gram level.It is noted that the addition of a small dose of water plays a key role for obtaining highly pure Ag NWs in high yield,and the optimal water/glycerol ratio is0.25%.After investigating a series of forming factors including reaction temperature and dose of catalysts,the formation kinetics and mechanism of the Ag NWs are proposed.Compared to other preparation methods,our strategy is simple and reproducible.These Ag NWs show a strong Raman enhancement effect for organic molecules on their surface.     

三维姿态监测技术在地震测井中的应用

在地震测井施工中,为监测地下检波器的运动特征,需应用三维监测技术。首先从映射几何的角度深入分析OpenGL的三维监测技术,建立OpenGL虚拟场景,然后分析检波器模型内外方位元素的表达,利用三维绘图技术建立检波器的立体模型,最后对所获取的坐标数据进行快速的三维绘图技术处理,形成实时可靠的立体模拟界面。实验结果表明:检波器的方位角模拟精确度能保证在1°以内,满足后期简化数据处理的要求。该技术应用在地震测井中时,具有远程、可靠、无损检测等特点,为操作人员提供直观可靠的观测决策平台,并且结合实际需求能够扩展多种功能模块,可广泛应用于测井过程中方位数据的获取。     

有一种病叫“俄罗斯病”

<正>俄罗斯经济增长与能源价格并不具备简单线性相关性,油价通过影响俄罗斯民众的信心而起作用。上个世纪70年代,石油就曾被委内瑞拉前石油部长胡安·阿方索冠以"恶魔的粪便"的恶名。丰富的自然资源似乎并不能带来国家经济的发展。"石油诅咒"就像一种自身免疫性病毒,在攻击健康肌体的同时,也会削弱肌体免疫系统的抵抗能力。"资源诅咒"虽然谬于常理,但除少数国家如挪威、美国、澳大利亚以及智利和博茨瓦纳例外以外,基本已经成为了一条金科玉律。