粗晶EW75镁合金变形孔洞的产生及愈合研究

通过金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等测试手段,在Gleeble-1500热模拟机上研究了粗晶EW75镁合金热变形行为,变形温度为723 K、应变速率为0.05 s-1,最大变形程度为80%的条件下,根据结果分析了合金高温变形时的真应力-真应变曲线以及不同变形量的显微组织,揭示了合金在变形过程中孔洞产生及消失的机制。结果表明:铸态合金平均晶粒尺寸约为149μm,均匀化后合金平均晶粒尺寸达到197μm左右;真应力-真应变曲线呈现出典型的动态再结晶特征;变形量为40%,原始大晶粒被细小再结晶晶粒包围,呈现典型的"项链"状特征,在局部晶粒交结处出现孔洞,随着变形量的增加,孔洞先长大后变小,当变形量达到80%时,孔洞基本消失愈合,愈合区有细小的再结晶的晶粒,形成明显的愈合带;大尺寸晶粒间的相互协调性能较差是变形出现孔洞的主要原因,随着变形量的增加,再结晶比例的提高带来的变形协调性能增强,孔洞最终被压扁,重新接触的两表面存在较高的能量,最终发生完全动态再结晶是合金孔洞愈合机制。     

Hot workability of Mg-9Y-1MM-0.6Zr alloy

The behavior evolvement of Mg-9Y-1MM-0.6Zr (WE91) alloy during hot deformation process was discussed. The flow stress behavior of magnesium alloy over the strain rate range of 0.001 to 1 s-1 and the temperature range of 653 to 773 K was studied on a Gleeble-1500D hot simulator under the maximum deformation degree of 60%. The experimental results showed that the relationship between stress and strain was obviously affected by the strain rate and deformation temperature and the flow curves observed were typical of the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization. The flow stress of WE91 magnesium alloy during high temperature deformation could be represented by the Zener-Hollomon parameter in the hyperbolic Arrhenius-type equation. The average deformation activation energy Q and strain coefficient n were 224.11 kJ/mol and 3.08 by calculation,respectively. The processing maps were calculated and analyzed according to the dynamic materials model. The map at strain of 0.916 exhibited three domains with peak efficiency of 49%,44% and 42%,respectively. It was found that the alloy could be extruded at 693 K with mechanical properties of σ0.2=240 MPa,σb=315 MPa and δ=15.5%.     

Homogenization heat treatment of Mg-7.68Gd-4.88Y-1.32Nd-0.63Al-0.05Zr alloy

The microstructures and mechanical properties of the Mg-7.68Gd-4.88Y-1.32Nd-0.63A1-0.05Zr magnesium alloy were investigated both in the as-cast condition and after homogenization heat treatment from 535 to 555 ℃ in the time range 0-48 h by op- tical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and hardness measurement. The as-cast alloy consisted of ct-Mg matrix, Mgs（Y0.5Gd0.5） phase which is a eutectic phase, strip of Al2（Y0.6Gd0.4） phase, little A13Zr and Mg（Y3Gd） phase. With the increasing of homogenization temperature and time, the Mgs（Y0.5Gd0.5） phase was completely dissolved into the matrix. The Al2（Y0.6Gd0.4） phase was almost not dissolved which impeded grain boundaries motion making the grain size almost not changed in the process of ho- mogenization. The optimum homogenization condition was 545 ℃/16 h. The tensile strength increased, yield strength decreased and the plasticity improved obviously after 545 ℃/16 h homogenization treatment.     

Effect of Gd content on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Y-RE-Zr alloys

Four kinds of Mg-Y-RE-Zr alloys with different Gd contents were prepared,and the effect of Gd content on microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloys was researched.Based on the experimental investigation,the compounds at the grain boundaries are mainly Mg_(24)Y_5,Mg_(41)Nd_5,and Mg_5Gd phases.The average grain size of as-cast alloys is 50-60μm.After T4(535℃, 24 h)treatment,Mg_5Gd phases mostly decompose and dissolve into the matrix,and the disperse spotted phases are mainly Mg_(24)Y_5 and Mg_(...     

液固相铝-不锈钢板复合轧制温度场的模拟计算

根据液固相轧制的实际情况,对模型的边界条件进行了简化,同时考虑了速度场对温度场的影响,利用等效比热法处理了凝固问题,在此条例上利用ＡＮＳＹＳ软件对液固相轧制过程的温度和速度场进行了耦合计算,得到了温度场分布,计算结果与实测值基本吻合,计算结果表明瞬态分析方法可解决稳态问题。     

时尚服装款式与结构设计变化的研究

论述了当前国内外服装款式变化的一些特点,提出了有关人体测量,原建立的原理和方法以及服装结构设计中的一些新观点, 在为建立起科学,合理,正确的服装结构设计的理论和方法而进行探索。     

Mg-Y-Nd-Gd-Zr合金的热变形和加工图

采用GLEEBLE-1500热模拟实验机对Mg-Y-Nd-Gd-Zr合金在变形温度为523～723 K、应变速率为0.002～1.000 s-1、最大变形程度为50%的条件下,进行了高温压缩试验研究.采用指数关系式描述了合金在热变形过程中的稳态流变应力.利用动态材料模型构建了热加工图,结合组织观察结果认为,该合金在变形温度为673 K、应变速率为1.000 s-1时功率耗散效率达到峰值0.36,因此,中温高应变速率区域为最佳加工性能区域.要想获得较大范围的最佳加工性能区域,应采用多道次小变形量进行加工.     

残余应力研究现状及在镁合金中的应用前景

综述了残余应力研究现状;分析了残余应力产生的原因;总结了残余应力的各种测试手段和消除方法,并比较了它们的优缺点;展望了镁合金中残余应力的研究和发展方向.     

Mg-9.0Y-3.0MM-0.6Zr合金均匀化热处理研究

通过OM,SEM及拉伸性能测试,研究了Mg-9.0Y-3.0MM-0.6Zr铸态合金均匀化温度与时间对显微组织的影响,确定该合金合适的均匀化工艺。结果表明:Mg-9.0Y-3.0MM-0.6Zr铸态合金显微组织主要由α-Mg基体相、Mg12(MM)相以及Mg24Y5相组成,晶粒度约为45μm;505,520℃均匀化温度较低,Mg-Y相分解不够完全;经535℃保温18 h均匀化处理后,仅在晶界处残留Mg12(MM)相,延长时间晶粒尺寸没有变化,可见Mg12(MM)相可有效抑制合金晶粒长大;535℃×18 h均匀化处理后合金的力学性能较铸态合金没有明显改变,均匀化态的合金经挤压后,力学性能大幅度提升,σ0.2,σb,δ分别为245,305 MPa和12.5%。均匀化处理后合金断口形貌与铸态合金相似,仅在局部存在少量的韧窝,室温下断裂方式为脆性断裂;挤压后的合金断口形貌呈典型的韧性断裂特征。     

混合稀土对Mg-9Y-0.6Zr镁合金组织和性能的影响

通过光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、描扫电镜(SEM)、微分扫描量热仪(DSC)和力学性能测试等手段,研究了加入质量分数为0%、1%、3%和5%混合稀土对Mg-9Y-0.6Zr(WK90)镁合金组织及性能的影响.结果表明:铸态WK90合金组织由α-Mg基体及少量的共晶组织构成,添加混合稀土后,晶界处的共晶组织明显增多,并由单一共晶形式转变为层状共晶和离异共晶并存;随着混合稀土添加量的增大,共晶组织的种类及数量增多,合金DSC曲线的低熔点吸热峰总面积增大并最终发生分离;混合稀土为3%铸态合金及含混合稀土为1%的挤压态合金分别具有最高的断裂强度,影响合金强度的因素除了晶粒尺寸外,离异共晶组织的分布状态和形貌也是重要的因素.