工业硅炉外吹气精炼除硼研究进展

冶金法太阳能级多晶硅技术具有能耗低、成本低和环境友好等特点,正逐步取代投资大、成本高的化学法而成为全球研究的热点.硼是工业硅中最难去除的非金属杂质之一,本文阐述了工业硅的生产过程和吹气炉外精炼除硼的原理,综述了国内外工业硅炉外氧气、湿氢、湿氧、湿二氧化碳以及吹气-熔渣联合精炼等工艺技术,并对本课题组湿氧精炼除硼的研究进行了重点介绍,分析了吹气精炼过程硅的损失问题,最后指出吹气-熔渣联合法是冶金法炉外精炼的发展方向.     

“作××语”还是“做××语”辨——以黄伯荣、廖旭东《现代汉语》(增订四版)为例

以黄伯荣、廖旭东版《现代汉语》(增订四版)第二册中的"作"和"做"用法不统一现象为例,分析了造成不统一现象的原因,探讨了正确的用法,提出了用法建议。     

Preparation and properties of Ce0.8Ca0.2O1.8 anode material by glycine-nitrate process

Ce0.8Ca0.2O1.8（CDC82） anode material was prepared by glycine-nitrate process（GNP）. Thermogravimetric（TG） analysis and differential scanning calorimetric（DSC） methods were adopted to characterize the reaction process of CDC82 material. X-ray diffractometry（XRD）, scanning electron microcopy（SEM）, direct current four probe （four-probe DC） and temperature process reduce（TPR） techniques were adopted to characterize the properties of CDC82 material. After the precursor was sintered at 750℃ for 4 h, CDC82 material with pure-fluorite structure and nanometer size was obtained. The total conductivity of CDC82 changes little with temperature in air at 50-850℃, and the maximum value is 0.04 S/cm at 750 ℃. The total conductivity wholly becomes larger when the atmosphere changes from air to hydrogen, which greatly increases with increasing temperature and reaches the maximum value of 1.09 S/cm at 850 ℃. Some impurities such as CeMg and La203 exist after the mixture of CDC82 anode and La1-xSrxGa1-yMgyO3-δ （LSGM） electrolyte material is sintered at 1 200 ℃ for 15 h. The CDC82 material as anode material has excellent catalytic property for hydrogen and methane.     

中国镁工业研究方向探讨

简单介绍了我国镁资源状况以及我国镁工业的发展历程和现状,分析了我国现有镁工业中存在的一些问题。在当前许多传统金属资源已面临枯竭之际,强调了加速发展镁工业的必要性。文章从镁冶炼工艺的研究和镁合金成形技术的研究两个方面对中国镁工业今后的研究方向进行了探讨,并指出真空碳热还原法炼镁等新工艺的开发研究和镁合金机械成形、超塑性成形、触变成形和流变成形等技术的开发研究是促进中国镁工业发展的关键。最后对中国的镁工业作了展望。     

PEMSIP法沉积的TiN涂层对刀具切削性能的影响

基片负偏压增加，使等离子体增强磁控溅射离子镀TiN涂层的相组成朝着富氨相及其含量增加的方向发展，由Ti2N和TiK两相组成的涂层硬度最高，可达Hk2460。切削力测定表明，由Ti2N和TiN两相组成的刀具涂层使切削力略有下降。涂层能明显提高刀具耐用度。     

Morphology, structure and formation mechanism of silicide coating by pack cementation process

The MoSi2 coating on C 103 niobium based alloy was prepared by pack cementation method. The formative mechanism, morphology and structure of coating were investigated. The silicide coating was formed by reactive diffusion obeying parabolic rule during pack cementation process. It is found that the composite structural coating is composed of three inferior layers as follows. The main layer is composed of MoSi2, the two phases＇ transitional layer consists of NbSi2 and a few NbsSi3 and the diffuse layer is composed of NbsSi3. The dense amorphous glass layer formed on the surface at high temperature oxidation circumstance can effectively prevent the diffusion of oxygen into coating.     

粉末粒度对镍合金熔覆薄层组织及成分的影响

针对在钢基体表面熔覆镍合金薄层时稀释率高的问题,采用304不锈钢基体和两种不同粒度的Ni Cr Fe BSi合金粉末,在较高的扫描速度、较低的热输入下制备熔覆薄层,研究了粉末粒度及熔覆工艺参数对熔覆过程冶金反应及熔覆层微观组织与成分分布的影响。结果表明,在较低的热输入下即可将粉末完全熔化并加热至发生自钎反应的温度,熔覆合金在基体表面铺展,得到表面平整的熔覆层,无裂纹出现。采用厚度200μm,粒度范围70～100μm的镍合金粉末层,制备的熔覆层厚约170μm,稀释率较高;采用相同厚度的粒度约50μm的镍合金粉末层,获得了厚约130μm的熔覆层,稀释率低且熔覆界面更平整。由于更细的合金粉对激光能吸收率更高,在较低的热输入下即可熔化,传导至基体的热量显著降低,基体熔化少,热影响小。该方法可用于制备防护薄层及精密修复。     

Interface structure and formation mechanism of vacuum-free vibration liquid phase diffusion-bonded joints of SiCp/ZL101A composites

The vacuum-free vibration liquid phase(VLP) diffusion-bonding of SiCp/ZL101A composites was investigated. The effects of vibration on the interface structure, the phase transformation and the tensile strength of bonded joints were examined. Experimental results show that the oxide film on the surface of the composites is a key factor affecting the tensile strength of boned joints. The distribution of the oxide layers at the interface changes from a continuous line to a discontinuous one during vibration. The tensile strength of the VLP diffusion-bonded joints increases with the vibration time, and is up to the maximum of 172 MPa when the vibration time is 30 s. The phase structure of the bond region changes from the Zn-Al-Cu hyper-eutectic (η (β η) (β η ε)) phases to Al-rich Al-base solid solution (α-Al) with increasing the vibration time.     

矫直辊曲线及调整角度计算程序

简述了矫直辊辊形曲线计算原理，并作了定性分析；根据解析法与椭圆法归纳出辊形曲线程序设计的数学模型联；计算出了各种钢管对应的矫直辊调整角度。     

钇离子注入AZ31镁合金的氧化行为

研究了AZ31镁合金在钇离子剂量为5×10^16，1×10^17及5×10^17ions／cm^2注入条件下的氧化性能。纯氧气氛、500℃下的氧化实验结果表明，钇离子注入能提高AZ31镁合金的抗氧化性能，而且随着注入剂量的增大，合金表面抗氧化性能提高越大。俄歇电子能谱（AES）和X光电子能谱（XPS）分析表明：钇离子注入以后，在镁合金表面形成了具有双层结构的氧化层，外层主要由MgO组成，而内层主要由Y2O3，MgO构成。这一新形成的氧化层有利于提高AZ31镁合金的抗氧化性能。