Poly(vinyl alcohol)/carboxyl graphene mixed matrix membranes: High-power ultrasonic treatment for enhanced pervaporation performance

High-power ultrasonic treatment was conducted during the mixing process to obtain poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/carboxyl graphene (CG) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). Results from X-ray photoelectron spectrometer and thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the enhanced esterification reaction. The increased amorphous region and free volume were investigated by wide-angle X-ray diffraction and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope measurements suggested that ultrasonic could uniformly disperse CG in PVA polymer matrix. The mechanical properties and hydrophilicity of as-prepared membrane were enhanced due to ultrasonic treatment. The permeation flux and separation factor of PVA/CG-US membrane for 90 wt % ethanol aqueous solution were 0.79 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ and 860, respectively. For methanol (15 wt %)/methyl tert-butyl ether mixture, its permeation flux and separation factor were also increased significantly compared with membranes without ultrasonic treatment. Due to the simplicity of the ultrasonic process and the versatility of the inorganic fillers, this method may contribute to the design of various MMMs and extend the application of these membranes in different uses. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48526.     

喷墨打印技术与陶瓷墨水的制备

本文介绍了喷墨打印技术并从组成、性能和制备方法方面对喷墨打印用陶瓷墨水进行了概述。     

大直径软岩嵌岩桩侧阻发挥系数取值分析

据《建筑桩基技术规范》(JGJ94-94),嵌岩桩桩周土总极限侧阻计算采用折减系数法,《规范》提供的侧阻发挥系数仅考虑了桩端硬质岩支承和桩周土质条件,没能反映软岩支承及长径比l/d>30的嵌岩桩,更没考虑嵌岩桩的侧阻发挥过程。本文根据工程试桩资料,分析桩周土侧阻发挥过程及侧阻发挥系数取值问题,结果表明嵌岩桩桩周土侧摩阻力发挥除与桩周土土性、桩端支承强度有关外,还与土层相对桩身的位置等诸多因素有关。     

面向排爆机器人的虚拟仿真训练系统设计与实现

针对排爆机器人使用和训练的需求,设计并实现了一套排爆机器人虚拟仿真训练系统.首先分析了排爆机器人的常见结构,针对一种通用结构设计的排爆机器人设计了仿真训练系统的结构,并对仿真系统的几何建模、运动模型和碰撞检测进行了分析,最后实现了排爆机器人虚拟仿真训练系统.该系统使操作手能够熟悉并掌握排爆机器人的操作.     

超宽带信号的时频分析

超宽带(UWB)信号的特性更多表现为非平稳信号的特性,而对非平稳信号采用时频域的变换更能描述信号频谱的分布情况.首先引入了一种基于布莱克曼窗的短时傅立叶变换,然后给出两种典型的UWB信号,利用这种时频分析方法对两种UWB信号进行了时频分析.分析结果表明,无论是PAM-DS-UWB信号还是OFDM-UWB信号都符合FCC对UWB信号的功率限制.     

新型住区规划理念探索--以常熟市新市区滨江花园规划为例

传统的行列式及围合式的建筑布局模式已不再适应住区的发展及人的行为模式的需求.常熟市新市区滨江花园规划采用自由式住宅布局,形成带状公共空间,利用建筑与太阳方位角、风向夹角的关系改善住区微气候,并结合住区规划结构,形成多功能、人性化的网状交通结构.     

A Laplace domain finite element method (LDFEM) applied to diffusion and propagation problems in electrical engineering

This paper presents a new finite element formulation in the Laplace domain for both diffusion and wave equations with applications in the field of electrical engineering. With the aid of congruence transformation of matrices, the finite element equations in the Laplace domain are solved and time-domain results can be obtained through the inverse Laplace transform. In a test problem, good agreement between the numerical results derived with the present method and the analytical solutions has been found. For applications in which only Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions are involved, this new finite element approach can be applied and provide both frequency-domain and time-domain results in one run without any timestepping scheme. The limitations of using the congruence transformation in solving propagation problems are also addressed in this paper.     

便携式傅里叶变换红外光谱仪在大气温室气体观测中的应用进展

大气温室气体柱浓度地基遥感观测是碳监测卫星验证和校正的有效手段,目前主要依赖于昂贵且移动困难的高分辨率傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(120/125 HR).采用便携式较低光谱分辨率(0.5cm-1)傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(EM27/SUN)进行温室气体柱浓度的监测提供了一种新型的便捷手段.EM27/SUN通过自带的太阳跟踪器记录...     

面向绿色制造的快速点磨削磨削液供给参数计算

高速／超高速磨削条件下,砂轮边缘的高速空气带会阻碍磨削液注入磨削区。空气带压力与砂轮速度的平方成正比。快速点磨削是一种新型高速／超高速磨削技术,接触区很小,实际磨削功率低,冷却及散热效果好。在分析了高速／超高速磨削砂轮周围旋转空气带动压力及速度分布特点的基础上,根据热力学原理及快速点磨削特点,分析并建立了磨削液的供给流量和供液速度的理论模型。在此基础上,建立了面向绿色制造的快速点磨削的磨削液喷嘴直径及供液压力的工程计算公式。