Nanometric bimetallic sulfides prepared via thermal decomposition of Ni and Fe heteropolymolybdate emulsions

NiMo and FeMo nanometric particles were prepared by thermal decomposition of water in oil emulsions, where the aqueous phase was a solution of iron or nickel heteropolymolybdates. Decomposition experiments were carried out at 573 K and 70 Bar of hydrogen, with carbon disulfide added to the emulsions. Solids were characterized by X ray diffraction, confocal microscopy and BET surface area. Thiophene hydrodesulfurization was performed in a continuous flow microreactor at 553 K and 1.0 Bar. Particles with diameters between 370 and 560 nm were obtained, and thiophene HDS was in the order NiMoS > MoS ≈ FeMoS > NiS > FeS. The feasibility of using thermal decomposition of emulsions to obtain nanometric bimetallic sulfides particles was shown.     

新的大功率音频开关家族在合弦音乐振铃智能电话中实现高保真立体声信号开关功能

亚微米技术运用标准传输门单元 (经常出现在电子方法文献中)方法,为先进的具有悦耳铃声的新型移动电话平台提供了适合的功率控制性能。新型移动电话等电池供电设备的微控制器必须始终保持较低的功耗,必须始终需要较低的电源电压;其它半导体设备,如功率放大器和彩屏控制器,即使电源电压更高,也必须具有适当的与微控制器相一致的控制水平。     

Analysis of sugar acids by capillary electrophoresis with indirect UV detection. Application to samples of must and wine.

A study has been conducted of the separation of sugar acids (gluconic, galacturonic and glucuronic acids) by capillary electrophoresis using indirect UV detection. We have tested various background electrolytes: p-hydroxibenzoic acid, sorbic acid, potassium hydrogen phthalate, protocatechuic acid, !-resorcylic acid and #-resorcylic acid. The choice between these electrolytes was made on the basis of studies of electrophoretic mobility and absorbance values at the wavelengths of our CE system. Of all the electrolytes tested, it was found that #-resorcylic acid best met the required characteristics. The best separation of the three acid was achieved with a time of 8 min, for an electrolyte consisting of 5 mM #-resorcylic acid, 1 mM TTAOH (pH 3.0), indirect detection at 214 nm, -20 kV of run voltage and capillary of 60 cm length and 75 µm i.d. It was found that the proposed method is applicable to samples of both must and wine, and that the samples do not require any prior treatment apart from centrifugation (only in the case of must), filtration and dilution in suitable proportion.     

Optimal designs with respect to Elfving's partial minimax criterion for heteroscedastic polynomial regression

In this paper we consider optimal desings relating to Elfving's partial minimax criterion for a polynomial regression model with a known heteroscedastic structure. Sufficient conditions are found under which, an optimal design for an individual parameter, is also minimax optimal for a subset of parameters that includes the former.     

Hygrothermal and mechanical model of concrete at high temperature

A computational model allowing for the thermohygrometric and mechanical analysis of concrete structures at high temperature by means of the finite element method is presented. The model includes creep coupled with damage and related cross-effects due to hygrothermal behaviour. A comparison between experimental tests performed by Bažantet al. on concrete cylinders at high temperature and the numerical results obtained from the model presented are shown.

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Résumé On présente un modèle pour l’analyse thermohygrométrique et mécanique des structures en béton à haute température au moyen de la méthode des éléments finis. Ce modèle inclut le fluage associé à l’endommagement et les effets reliés au comportement hygrothermique. On présente une comparaison entre des résultats des essais réalisés par Bažantet al. sur des cylindres en béton à haute température et les résultats numériques obtenus du modèle.

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Editorial Note Dr. Carmelo Majorana is a RILEM Senior Member and a corresponding member of TC 114-CCS on Computer Programmes for Creep and Shrinkage Prediction. Prof. Bernhard Schrefler is a RILEM Senior Member.     

Crystal structure solution via precession electron diffraction data: the BEA algorithm

The statistical features of the amplitudes obtained via precession electron diffraction have been studied, with particular concern with their effects on direct phasing procedures. A new algorithm, denoted by BEA, is described: according to it, the average amplitude of the symmetry equivalent reflections is used in the Direct Methods step. Once an even imperfect structural model is available, the best amplitude among the equivalent reflections is used to improve the model. It is shown that BEA is able to provide more complete structural models, to make the phasing process more straightforward and to end with crystallographic residual much better than those usually obtained by electron diffraction.     

Application of solid phase extraction techniques to analyse volatile compounds in wines and other enological products

Aroma compounds are most closely associated with the volatile fraction of foods. Common analytical separation procedures employed to analyse volatile compounds need, even today, that prior to GC analysis of an aroma or a fragrance, these compounds be concentrated or/and isolated from the non-volatile matrix. This step constitutes a problem that has still not been satisfactorily resolved and for this, several sample preparation methods can be found into the bibliography. This review gives a brief overview of solid phase extraction techniques to analyse volatiles. Procedures such as solid phase extraction (SPE), solid phase microextraction (SPME), stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), and the recent solid phase dynamic extraction (SPDE) will be discussed and critically evaluated. Contemporary applications of these techniques to the study of volatile compounds in wine and other enological products will be presented.     

A complex network approach to environmental impact assessment

This article proposes a complex network methodology for the process of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) that limits subjectivity and reduces uncertainty by incorporating elements of complex systems theory in the stages of identification and assessment of the significance of environmental impacts. The proposed methodology reduces the sources of uncertainty, which emerge from the use of simplified models that analyse the environment-activity interactions in a unidirectional fashion. This proposal determines the significance of environmental impacts through multidirectional or complex causal relationships. Likewise, it limits the subjectivity of the evaluator by using these causality relationships instead of criteria based on the impacts’ attributes. The application of the proposed methodology demonstrates the advantages of (i) prioritizing the impacts according to their capacity to interact with other impacts, and (ii) the possibility to redirect the environmental management plans towards the prevention of impacts of higher complexity and to reduce the importance of derived impacts.

The application of the proposed methodology reveals that the percentage of irrelevant and moderate impacts is reduced, whereas the percentage of severe and critical impacts increase, in comparison to the conventional methodologies.     

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in Children: A Model of Precision Medicine and Chemotherapy-Free Therapy

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) represents a paradigm of precision medicine. Indeed, in the last decades, the introduction of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) completely revolutionized the therapeutic approach to this previously highly fatal disorder. This entirely chemotherapy-free treatment, which provided excellent survival rates, has been initially validated in adults and, recently, translated in the pediatric setting. This review summarizes currently available data on the use of ATRA and ATO combination in pediatric APL, providing a particular focus on peculiar issues and challenges, such as the occurrence of pseudotumor cerebri and death during induction (early death), as well as the advantage offered by the ATO/ATRA combination in sparing long-term sequelae.