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41.
Summary The fatty acid composition of a number of vegetable oils and of two synthetic mixtures of methyl esters are compared by gas-liquid
chromatography and by standard methods. The calculated iodine values from G.L.P.C. results are in good agreement with measured
iodine values and are indicative of the reliability of the G.L.P.C. values. Standard methods gave lower values for linoleic
acid and higher values for linolenic acid than did G.L.P.C. This deviation was particularly evident in oils with a high proportion
of linolenic acid,e.g., linseed oil. The results of G.L.P.C. are considered to be accurate to within one unit percentage. Thermal stability of the
polyester polymers can be improved by using 1,4-butanediol or ethylene glycol as the polyols instead of diethylene glycol.
Issued as N.R.C. No. 5373.
Presented at 32nd annual fall meeting, American Oil Chemists' Society, October 20–22, 1958, Chicago, Ill.
National Research Council of Canada Postdoctorate Fellow, 1957 相似文献
42.
B. M. Craig T. M. Mallard R. E. Wight G. N. Irvine J. R. Reynolds 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1973,50(10):395-399
Single plant isolates in theBrassica napus andBrassica campestris species of rapeseed yielded glyceride oil containing small amounts of erucic acid. Agronomically suitable varieties were
grown commercially in 1971 as the first phase in a changeover of Canadian rapeseed production from varieties with erucic contents
of 20–45% to low erucic acid varieties. A program to monitor the erucic content by gas chromatographic analysis in the stages
of production, handling and transportation from seed to export shipment was undertaken to evaluate the effects of genetics,
environment and admixture. The individual increase in erucic content ranged from 0.5 to 1.0, resulting in total increases
of 1–2%.
NRCC No. 13471.
One of six papers presented in the symposium “Rapeseed Marketing and Breeding,” AOCS Meeting, Ottawa, September 1972. 相似文献
43.
Geraniums (Pelargonium xhortorum Bailey) possess a pest-resistance mechanism, based on glandular trichomes and the exudate they produce, that has been shown to be effective against the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch). Using an intact plant bioassay, the effectiveness of the resistance mechanism was determined for another potential pest, the foxglove aphid (Acyrthosiphon solani Kaltenbach). Comparisons were made between plant lines previously analyzed for their degree of resistance to mites, as well as their glandular trichome density and trichome exudate production. Over 100 aphid adults were bioassayed on each of the five plant lines used in the experiment. In addition to adult aphid survival, the production and survival of nymphs was determined in this bioassay. The results indicate that plant lines that are resistant to the two-spotted spider mite are also resistant to the foxglove aphid, while lines susceptible to mites are susceptible to the aphids. To evaluate the physical impediment features of the trichome exudate, the behavior of foxglove aphid nymphs was compared on two geranium lines, one a resistant line with high trichome densities and large quantities of exudate and the second a susceptible line with few trichomes and reduced exudate. A third leaf surface type was produced by washing the exudate from resistant leaves using a mildly basic buffer solution prior to the bioassay. Aphid behavior was divided into five categories: feeding or probing, resting, wandering, struggling, and immobilized. On both susceptible leaves and resistant leaves from which the exudate had been removed by washing, the aphids settled quickly and were observed with inserted stylets during most of the observation intervals. In contrast, aphids on the unwashed resistant leaf surfaces often became ensnared in the sticky trichome exudate and had difficulty in settling to probe the leaf. Physical entrapment by glandular trichome exudate appears to be an important aspect of aphid resistance in geraniums. 相似文献
44.
Craig A. Dorschel 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2002,79(8):749-753
A study of processed peanut oil was undertaken to assess the utility of HPLC combined with tandem MS to obtain data easily
regarding the number of TAG of fats and oils and their FA composition. Mass chromatograms and spectra corresponding to only
TAG of a single M.W. were obtained for the full range of TAG in the sample. Analysis of the mass spectra allowed the identification
of more than 160 TAG in the sample by their FA composition. In addition, it was possible to estimate relative abundances of
the TAG and suggest the position of the FA on glycerol for a limited number of cases. This technique greatly simplifies the
task of assigning FA to coeluting TAG and facilitates identification of TAG present in trace quantities in mixtures, with
possible application in circumstances where such trace TAG could be significant markers. Results are quickly obtained without
extensive sample preparation or prefractionation of the sample. 相似文献
45.
C. G. Youngs A. Epp B. M. Craig H. R. Sallans 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1957,34(3):107-108
Summary A rapid method has been found for preparing the long-chain fatty acid chlorides, which eliminates purification by distillation.
It gave a quantitative yield of product containing less than 1.5% free acid. The method involves treating the free acid with
phosphorus pentachloride or trichloride in an inert organic solvent and removing the excess chlorinating agent by washing
the solvent phase with water. Phosphorus pentachloride and Skellysolve “F” were preferred for laboratory preparations. For
commercial purposes however either chlorinating agent could be used in a variety of inert organic solvents.
Infrared analysis was found to give a rapid measure of the free acid content of the prepared acid chlorides.
Presented at the fall meeting, American Oil Chemists' Society, Philadelphia, Pa., Oct. 10–12, 1955.
Issued as N. R. C. No. 4240. 相似文献
46.
Erica Glatt Dominic Pjontek Craig McKnight Jason Wiens Michael Wormsbecker Jennifer McMillan 《加拿大化工杂志》2021,99(1):209-221
FLUID COKING is a continuous process that thermally converts heavy hydrocarbons, such as oil sands bitumen, to lighter and higher‐value products by horizontal spray injection onto a fluidized bed of hot coke particles. The cyclone sections of commercial fluid coker reactors experience fouling during typical operation, which limits unit run lengths. The main objective of this work is to improve fluid coker reliability by proposing cyclone fouling mitigation strategies based on practical operation modifications. This study developed a process simulation in Aspen Plus to establish the combined impact of vapour‐liquid equilibrium, endothermic thermal cracking reactions, pressure changes, and overall fluid dynamics in the selected fluid coker control volumes. The hydrocarbon composition was defined by applying an assay characterization of distillation data for representative hydrocarbon streams. Case studies were performed to determine the sensitivity of the predicted temperatures and hydrocarbon condensate flow rates for: (a) the burner‐to‐fluid coker transfer line temperature; (b) the hot coke flow rate; (c) hot coke entrainment from the freeboard region; and (d) scouring coke flow rate in the horn chamber. The scouring coke flow rate was identified as the most promising process lever to mitigate fluid coker cyclone fouling. 相似文献
47.
Arun Lakhotia Andrew Walenstein Craig Miles Anshuman Singh 《Journal in Computer Virology》2013,9(3):109-123
VILO is a lazy learner system designed for malware classification and triage. It implements a nearest neighbor (NN) algorithm with similarities computed over Term Frequency $\times $ Inverse Document Frequency (TFIDF) weighted opcode mnemonic permutation features (N-perms). Being an NN-classifier, VILO makes minimal structural assumptions about class boundaries, and thus is well suited for the constantly changing malware population. This paper presents an extensive study of application of VILO in malware analysis. Our experiments demonstrate that (a) VILO is a rapid learner of malware families, i.e., VILO’s learning curve stabilizes at high accuracies quickly (training on less than 20 variants per family is sufficient); (b) similarity scores derived from TDIDF weighted features should primarily be treated as ordinal measurements; and (c) VILO with N-perm feature vectors outperforms traditional N-gram feature vectors when used to classify real-world malware into their respective families. 相似文献
48.
Hussein Yassine Chad R. Borges Matthew R. Schaab Dean Billheimer Craig Stump Peter Reaven Serrine S. Lau Randall Nelson 《Proteomics. Clinical applications》2013,7(7-8):528-540
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD)—the leading cause of death in the United States. Yet not all subjects with T2DM are at equal risk for CVD complications; the challenge lies in identifying those at greatest risk. Therapies directed toward treating conventional risk factors have failed to significantly reduce this residual risk in T2DM patients. Thus newer targets and markers are needed for the development and testing of novel therapies. Herein we review two complementary MS-based approaches—mass spectrometric immunoassay (MSIA) and MS/MS as MRM—for the analysis of plasma proteins and PTMs of relevance to T2DM and CVD. Together, these complementary approaches allow for high-throughput monitoring of many PTMs and the absolute quantification of proteins near the low picomolar range. In this review article, we discuss the clinical relevance of the high density lipoprotein (HDL) proteome and Apolipoprotein A-I PTMs to T2DM and CVD as well as provide illustrative MSIA and MRM data on HDL proteins from T2DM patients to provide examples of how these MS approaches can be applied to gain new insight regarding cardiovascular risk factors. Also discussed are the reproducibility, interpretation, and limitations of each technique with an emphasis on their capacities to facilitate the translation of new biomarkers into clinical practice. 相似文献
49.
Hyung Nam Kim Craig Garfield Young Seok Lee 《International journal of human-computer interaction》2013,29(1):44-54
Little is known about how differently mothers and fathers of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants use information and communication technology (ICT), especially during the vulnerable transition from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to home. This study aims to qualitatively compare and contrast the two groups’ usage of technology. In-depth, semistructured phone interviews were conducted with 25 parents of 16 VLBW infants who had been hospitalized in the NICU. Grounded theory facilitated the understanding of interview data. This article discusses the patterns that emerged around the use of ICT between the two groups and discusses the implications for health information seeking, privacy and misinformation, online social networking, learning technology, choosing a health care provider, and health care communication. 相似文献
50.
Evaluation of AMSR-E soil moisture results using the in-situ data over the Little River Experimental Watershed, Georgia 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Alok K. Sahoo Paul R. Houser Craig Ferguson Paul A. Dirmeyer 《Remote sensing of environment》2008,112(6):3142-3152
An operational global soil moisture data product is currently generated from the observations of the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) aboard NASA's Aqua satellite using the retrieval procedure described in Njoku and Chan [Njoku, E.G. and Chan, S.K., 2006. Vegetation and surface roughness effects on AMSR-E land observations, remote sensing environment, 100(2), 190-199]. We have generated another soil moisture dataset from the same AMSR-E observed brightness temperature data using the Land Surface Microwave Emission Model (LSMEM) adopting a different estimation method. This paper focuses on a comparison study of soil moisture estimates from the above two methods. The soil moisture data from current AMSR-E product and LSMEM are compared with the in-situ measured soil moisture datasets over the Little River Experimental Watershed (LREW), Georgia, USA for the year 2003. The comparison study was carried out separately for the AMSR-E daytime and night time overpasses. The LSMEM method performed better than the current operational AMSR-E retrieval algorithm in this study. The differences between the AMSR-E and LSMEM results are mostly due to differences in various simplifications and assumptions made for variables in the radiative transfer equations and the soil and vegetation based physical models and the accuracy of the input surface temperature datasets for the LSMEM forward model approach. This study confirms that remote sensing data have the potential to provide useful hydrologic information, but the accuracy of the geophysical parameters could vary depending on the estimation methods. It cannot be concluded from this study whether the soil moisture estimation by the LSMEM approach will perform better in other geographic, climatic or topographic conditions. Nevertheless, this study sheds light on the effects of different approaches for the estimation of geophysical parameters, which may be useful for current and future satellite missions. 相似文献