浅析Pdmax软件在化工工艺流程设计中的应用

Pdmax是长沙思为软件有限公司自主研发的三维工厂设计软件.介绍了Pdmax软件在化工工艺流程设计中的应用,并结合自己的应用经验,总结了Pdmax软件在化工工艺流程设计中的优势.设计者预先构建标准元件库,然后通过调用元件库,可快速完成化工工艺流程的设计;Pdmax解决了设备、配管设计复杂、繁琐的问题,具有方便易学,快捷...     

Na2O-Bi2O3-B2O3体系玻璃的形成和结构研究

采用熔融急冷法制备Na2 O -Bi2 O3-B2 O3体系玻璃。X射线粉末衍射表明该体系的成玻性能较好 ,成玻范围较宽 ;密度、粉末透红外光谱和TSDC研究表明 ,玻璃中的硼元素具有“硼反常”现象 ,铋元素有〔BiO3〕和〔BiO6 〕两种微结构 ,玻璃中的碱金属离子以及硼元素和铋元素的微结构在外场作用下定向排列 ,表现出明显的SHG效应。     

Preparation of heat‐resistant gradient‐index polymer optical fiber rods based on poly(N‐isopropylmaleimide‐co‐methyl methacrylate)

Using the interfacial gel polymerization method, a heat‐resistant gradient‐index polymer optical fiber (GI POF) was developed based on the copolymer of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and N‐isopropylmaleimide (IPMI) as the matrix material and bromobenzene (BB) as dopant. The gradient distribution of IPMI in the GI POF rod was determined by element analysis. IPMI had great advantage in improving glass transition temperature (T_g) and forming a gradient‐index profile. There was a significant enhancement in the heat‐resistant property in comparison with a conventional GI POF rod. The combination of high thermal stability and easy fabrication makes the novel BB–IPMI–MMA system very suitable for heat‐resistant GI POF. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 280–283, 2003     

Low‐Temperature Sintering and Electric Properties of Pb0.99(Zr0.95Ti0.05)0.98Nb0.02O3 Ferroelectric Ceramics with CuO Additive

The low‐temperature sintering and electric properties of Pb_0.99(Zr_0.95Ti_0.05)_0.98Nb_0.02O₃ (PZTN 95/5) ferroelectric ceramics with CuO addition was investigated. The CuO addition significantly promoted the densification and reduced the sintering temperature of PZTN 95/5 ceramics by more than 200°C. The 0.2 wt% CuO‐added sample sintered at 1150°C exhibited the optimum relative density of 96.7% and excellent electric properties with values of P_r = 37.80 μC/cm², T_C = 223°C, ε_r = 329, and tan δ = 0.016, which were superior to that of PZTN 95/5 ceramics sintered at 1350°C.     

Facile Synthesis of FeCo/Fe3O4 Nanocomposite with High Wave-Absorbing Properties

The FeCo/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite was synthesized using the hydrothermal approach, in which the FeCo alloy and Fe₃O₄ are formed by one step. The structure of the FeCo/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite was characterized by means of Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray energy-dispersive spectrometer spectroscopy (EDX). They show that the mass ratio of FeCo/Fe₃O₄ strongly depends on the reaction temperature. Such various architectures follow a stepwise growth mechanism of the composites prepared in various reaction temperatures were also discussed. It indicates that this strategy is facile, effective and controllable for the synthesis of FeCo/Fe₃O₄ by the one-step method. Furthermore, the magnetic and wave-absorbing properties of the nanocomposites with various structures were investigated in detail. The results show that the FeCo/Fe₃O₄ with higher mass ratio has higher magnetic properties. Moreover, the FeCo/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposite shows high wave-absorbing properties (e.g., −37.9 dB), which are expected to apply in microwave absorbing materials.     

The cytotoxicity evaluation of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on human aortic endothelial cells

One major obstacle for successful application of nanoparticles in medicine is its potential nanotoxicity on the environment and human health. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity effect of dimercaptosuccinic acid-coated iron oxide (DMSA-Fe₂O₃) using cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Our results showed that DMSA-Fe₂O₃ in the culture medium could be absorbed into HAECs, and dispersed in the cytoplasm. The cytotoxicity effect of DMSA-Fe₂O₃ on HAECs was dose-dependent, and the concentrations no more than 0.02 mg/ml had little toxic effect which were revealed by tetrazolium dye assay. Meanwhile, the cell injury biomarker, lactate dehydrogenase, was not significantly higher than that from control cells (without DMSA-Fe₂O₃). However, the endocrine function for endothelin-1 and prostacyclin I-2, as well as the urea transporter function, was altered even without obvious evidence of cell injury in this context. We also showed by real-time PCR analysis that DMSA-Fe₂O₃ exposure resulted in differential effects on the expressions of pro- and anti-apoptosis genes of HAECs. Meanwhile, it was noted that DMSA-Fe₂O₃ exposure could activate the expression of genes related to oxidative stress and adhesion molecules, which suggested that inflammatory response might be evoked. Moreover, we demonstrated by in vitro endothelial tube formation that even a small amount of DMSA-Fe₂O₃ (0.01 and 0.02 mg/ml) could inhibit angiogenesis by the HAECs. Altogether, these results indicate that DMSA-Fe₂O₃ have some cytotoxicity that may cause side effects on normal endothelial cells.     

化学工艺学教学辅助手段——多媒体课件的开发

笔者运用计算机技术结合Authorware7.0、Adobe Photoshop 7.0、Flash 5.0等软件,开发出可以辅助化学工艺学课程教学的多媒体课件。课件分为课堂授课课件、工艺流程动画、网络课程交流平台和试题测试平台四个模块。各模块相互独立,又相互支持,内容完整、科学,具有表现形式灵活、界面友好、易维护、易操作、开放性强等特点。课件演示与课堂讲授内容互为补充,相辅相成。     

火焰原子吸收法测定空气中锌的不确定度评定

以AAS法测定空气中锌为例,应用数理统计学中最小二乘法建立回归方程,在回归方程基础上建立数学模型,针对整个分析过程找出不确定度的来源,并加以评定分析。     

毛细管端气泡形成规律及其影响因素

:研究了气泡在毛细管端形成的基本规律 ,对于半径较小的毛细管 ,理论计算与实验结果是基本一致的。借助于高速摄像机进行液下气泡法检漏可以定量测出泄漏率 ,实验结果具有较好的重复性。探讨了介质物性、试验压力、加载方式等对气泡形成的影响     

过氧酸和DMD的性能及其在纸浆漂白中的应用

过氧酸和二氧环丙酮是类强的亲电氧化试剂 ,在反应中可有效转移氧原子。文章综述了这类氧化剂的性能及在纸浆漂白中的作用 ,作为可替代传统氯气漂白的最有希望的无污染漂剂 ,采用过氧酸和二氧环丙酮可实现纸浆的全无氯漂白