厌氧-缺氧-ALMBR法处理焦化废水的试验研究

采用厌氧—缺氧—ALMBR工艺处理焦化废水。在充填了横断面具有蜂窝胞壁结构纤维滤料的厌氧池和缺氧池中收集池内出气作为气源回曝气池中,在缺氧的条件下形成气升循环。好氧池为气提升三相循环流化床结构的MBR(ALMBR),不设二沉池,MLSS高达11～12 g/L。连续3个月的试验表明,焦化废水进水COD_(Cr)1950 mg/L、NH_3—N 150 mg/L时,出水COD_(Cr) 144 mg/L、NH_3—N 9.8 mg/L。工艺具有良好的抗冲击负荷能力,能够维持较高的污泥浓度,运行稳定,操作简单且管理方便。装有蜂窝胞壁填料的缺氧池COD_(Cr)去除率明显高于装有软性纤维填料缺氧池。     

超支化聚氨酯的合成方法及其在涂料中的应用

总结了近年来国内外关于超支化聚氨酯合成的主要方法:第一类是单单体合成法,有叠氮化合物法、光气法、Curtius反应法、高选择性化学反应法等;第二类是双单体合成法;第三类是超支化聚合物扩链法。同时介绍了几种涂料用超支化聚氨酯,包括光固化涂料、粉末涂料、有机/无机杂化涂料、高固体分涂料和功能涂料。     

非离子型聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯复合细乳液的研究

首先通过异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯与聚醚多元醇缩聚,以1,4-丁二醇为扩链剂制得—NCO为端基的非离子型聚氨酯(PU)预聚体大分子,然后分别用乙醇和丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)对其封端。经细乳液聚合法与甲基丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸丁酯共聚得到聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯(PUA)复合乳液。结果显示:当细乳化时间为5min、细乳化转速为14000r/min以上时,制备出的细乳液较为稳定;随着PU预聚体用量和分子量的增加,聚合反应速率和最终单体转化率都有所下降;并且HEA封端的PU预聚体与MMA和BA形成了交联网络结构。     

海龟柔性前肢仿生推进研究

为探讨水翼法推进方式,进行了海龟柔性前肢仿生技术研究.基于水翼法运动解析,研究了海龟柔性水翼的弦向形变特征、反卡门涡街脱泻及斯特劳哈尔数等,推算出水翼尾涡脱泻的斯特劳哈尔数位于0.2～0.45之间,雷诺数位于3×102～3×104之间;根据海龟水翼粘弹本构特性,研制了半骼式仿生柔性水翼,并对其进行柔性形变和组织模态分析...     

DANTEC速度测量技术及其应用

本文介绍了Sensorline 75 2 0测定运动物体表面速度的原理及组成 ,还介绍了Sensorline 75 2 0在造纸机上的应用范围及指导意义 ,最后对广州造纸有限公司五台新闻纸机浆网速测定的结果进行了分析。     

天然保鲜剂对预制南美白对虾贮藏品质的影响

为研究阿魏酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸三种天然保鲜剂对预制南美白对虾冷藏(4℃)期间品质变化影响,以菌落总数(Total Bacterial Count,TBC)、挥发性盐基氮(Total Volatile Base Nitrogen,TVB-N)、pH、硫代巴比妥酸值(Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive ...     

Experimental study of the effects of hydrogen addition on the thermoacoustic instability in a variable-length combustor

The current study examined the self-excited thermoacoustic instability of hydrogen/methane premixed flames using a variable-length combustor (300–1100 mm). The global dynamic pressure, heat release rate oscillation, together with the flame dynamics were studied. Results showed that both the hydrogen concentration and the chamber length were critical in determining the acoustic oscillation mode and instability trend. Low-frequency primary acoustic modes (<200 Hz) were mainly excited when the hydrogen concentration was low, whereas primary acoustic modes with relatively higher frequencies (~400 Hz) tended to occur in cases with a high hydrogen proportion (>40%). For primary acoustic modes lower than 200 Hz, the primary oscillation frequency tended to increase linearly with a rising hydrogen proportion. Heat release oscillation and flame dynamics analyses demonstrated that for the flame with large-scale shape deformation, the initial addition of hydrogen would intensify the heat release oscillation. Nevertheless, a further increase in the hydrogen level tended to inhibit the heat release oscillation by weakening the flame shape deformation. Eventually, a sufficient high-level of hydrogen addition would weaken the primary acoustic modes that have similar frequencies.     

Facile synthesis,in vitro biocompatibility,and antibacterial activity of porous hollow hydroxyapatite microspheres

In this study, porous hollow hydroxyapatite (HAp) microspheres are prepared using chitosan microspheres as novel sacrificial templates and their microstructure, biocompatibility, and drug delivery properties are evaluated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations show that HAp microspheres are spherical in morphology with a diameter of 100–300 μm and have a porous and core–shell structure. X-ray diffractometer patterns show that HAp microspheres consist of apatite phase. MTT assay indicates that HAp microspheres are biocompatible and have no significant cytotoxicity. SEM observations show that HAp microspheres support attachment and proliferation of osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells. After being soaked in the solution of tetracycline hydrochloride (TH, model drug), HAp microspheres adsorb TH with an adsorption capacity of 47% to derive TH-loaded HAp microspheres. When exposed to two types of representative bacteria: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, TH-loaded HAp microspheres maintain the biological activity of TH to inhibit the growth of bacteria.     

Super-Stretchable,Anti-Freezing,Anti-Drying Organogel Ionic Conductor for Multi-Mode Flexible Electronics

Due to their intrinsic flexibility, tunable conductivity, multiple stimulus-response, and self-healing ability, ionic conductive hydrogels have drawn significant attention in flexible/wearable electronics. However, challenges remain because traditional hydrogels inevitably faced the problems of losing flexibility and conductivity because of the inner water loss when exposed to the ambient environment. Besides, the water inside the hydrogel will freeze at the water icing temperatures, making the device hard and fragile. As a promising alternative, organogels have attracted wide attention because they can, to some extent, overcome the above drawbacks. Herein, a kind of organogel ionic conductor (MOIC) by a self-polymerization reaction is involved, which is super stretchable, anti-drying, and anti-freezing. Meanwhile, it can still maintain high mechanical stability after alternately loading/unloading at the strain of 600% for 600 s (1800 cycles). Using this MOIC, high-performance triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is constructed (MOIC-TENG) to harvest small mechanical energy even the MOIC electrode underwent an extremely low temperature. In addition, multifunctional flexible/wearable sensors (strain sensor, piezoresistive sensor, and tactile sensor) are realized to monitor human motions in real time, and recognize different materials by triboelectric effect. This study demonstrates a promising candidate material for flexible/wearable electronics such as electronic skin, flexible sensors, and human-machine interfaces.     

大臂耦合运动串级PID复合控制方法研究

针对自动模式下凿岩台车大臂摆动和俯仰因耦合运动难以控制的问题,提出一种大臂耦合运动串级PID复合控制算法。根据大臂机械结构简图分析大臂俯仰和摆动两关节产生耦合运动的原因;分析位置式PID、增量式PID分别适用于串级PID的位置环和速度环,设计出耦合运动串级PID复合控制算法,并解释具体推算过程;通过在样机试验平台上进行搭载测试,验证了该控制算法的有效性和控制系统的稳定性。研究结果表明：该控制算法能有效解决大臂耦合运动问题,串级PID内、外环配合使控制系统稳定性好;在阶跃信号下目标角度的超调量小(0.5%),在斜坡信号下油缸运动速度动态跟随效果好,其角度误差波动率最大为15.87%。