基于e-模糊树方法的电力系统状态估计

电力系统状态估计在能量管理系统中起着重要的作用。为了提高状态估计的整体性能,提出了基于ε-模糊树方法(ε-FT)的电力系统状态估计方法。以福州电网500 kV母线为研究对象,通过网络结构分析,对各量测量进行信息提取和变量选择,将最优的变量子集作为ε-FT的输入变量,建立了各母线电压幅值的ε-FT模型,并与其他方法进行了对比。随后,在量测量中加入不良数据,验证所提状态估计方法的鲁棒性。结果表明,该方法能够有效地抵抗量测量中的不良数据,具有较高的估计精度和较强的鲁棒性,并且能将不良数据限制在局部,减少对整个电网状态估计的影响。     

Ultralight and resilient Al2O3 nanotube aerogels with low thermal conductivity

This report describes a novel method to produce fluffy and resilient nanotube aerogels by combining solution blow spinning and Atom Layer Deposition (ALD). Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) sponges obtained by blow spinning are used as templates and are deposited in ALD. After removal of template, semitransparent aerogels whose density can be as low as 0.68 mg/cm³ were obtained. The product is heat‐stable, with the ability to retain original shape and keep elastic after being kept at 900°C for 2 hours. It is also heat‐insulated, with a thermal conductivity of 0.022 W/K?m at room temperature. Additionally, when compressed to 60% of the original height for 100 cycles during in‐situ mechanical test, the sponges recovered to around 80% of the original shape, further indicating excellent mechanically elasticity of the aerogel.     

变焦电子腹腔镜物镜光学系统的设计

医用内窥镜在现代医学中的应用越来越广泛,为了使医生在临床检查的时候能够更好的观察病灶图像,设计一种可以实现变焦的电子腹腔镜物镜的光学系统,可以对病灶图像进行原位放大观察。以高斯变焦公式为基础,利用ZEMAX软件模拟设计了一个变焦物镜的光学系统,当视场范围在24°~64°,焦距在5mm~15mm三倍变焦,成像大小保持在6mm左右。传递函数设定在40线对时,其传递函数(MTF)要满足≥0.6,点列图弥散斑直径≤0.05mm。设计具有大视场,镜片数少,结构简单等特点,可以对病灶图像进行放大,具有较高的实际应用价值。     

Multi‐Atomic Layers of Metallic Aluminum for Ultralong Life Lithium Storage with High Volumetric Capacity

Metallic aluminum (Al) have been explored as potential anode materials for lithium storage because of its high theoretical capacity (993 mAh g^–1) and low voltage plateaus. Al possesses high electric conductivity, low cost and environmental friendliness. Unfortunately, Al suffers from huge volume change (>100%) during the lithiation/delithiation process, which inevitably results in the pulverization of electrode and rapid capacity decay during cycling processes. To circumvent above issues, a simple but efficient strategy is demonstrated to fabricate free‐standing multi‐atomic layers of metallic Al by harnessing the good ductility of Al under pressure. The resultant multi‐atomic Al layers are ultrathin, ≈3 nm, and have a large aspect ratio. Such unique features enable multi‐atomic Al nanosheets to construct uniform and compact films with graphene. Thus, the hybrid films with different ratios are achieved, in which the notorious volume change of metallic Al can be efficiently circumvented via the good flexibility of graphene, and the density of whole electrode can be significantly enhanced. As a consequence, the optimized multi‐atomic Al layers‐graphene (AlL‐G) film exhibits a very high volumetric capacity of 1089 mAh cm^–3, high‐rate capability and ultralong cycle life up to 20 000 cycles for lithium storage.     

Highly optical transparency and thermally stable polyimides containing pyridine and phenyl pendant

In order to obtain highly optical transparency polyimides, two novel aromatic diamine monomers containing pyridine and kinky structures, 1,1-bis[4-(5-amino-2-pyridinoxy)phenyl]diphenylmethane (BAPDBP) and 1,1-bis[4-(5-amino-2-pyridinoxy)phenyl]-1-phenylethane (BAPDAP), were designed and synthesized. Polyimides based on BAPDBP, BAPDAP, 2,2-bis[4-(5-amino-2-pyridinoxy)phenyl]propane (BAPDP) with various commercial dianhydrides were prepared for comparison and structure-property relationships study. The structures of the polyimides were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer, wide-angle X-ray diffractograms (XRD) and elemental analysis. Film properties including solubility, optical transparency, water uptake, thermal and mechanical properties were also evaluated. The introduction of pyridine and kinky structure into the backbones that polyimides presented good optical properties with 91–97% transparent at 500 nm and a low cut-off wavelength at 353–398 nm. Moreover, phenyl pendant groups of the polyimides showed high glass transition temperatures (T_g) in the range of 257–281 °C. These results suggest that the incorporating pyridine, kinky and bulky substituents to polymer backbone can improve the optical transparency effectively without sacrificing the thermal properties.     

多目标优化的多存储器内建自测试

片上系统中含有大量的存储器,常使用共享内建自测试电路的方法测试。内建自测试电路的插入过程受到片上系统的面积开销、测试功耗与测试时间的约束。针对这个问题,将多存储器内建自测试建模为多目标优化问题,并提出一种多目标聚类遗传退火算法。该算法在遗传算法的基础上,通过存储器聚类获得存储器兼容组,采用启发式方法获得高质量初始解,提出一种多约束条件下不同权重的目标函数,对较优个体采用模拟退火算法规避局部最优解风险。实验结果表明,该算法比遗传算法性能更优,获得存储器组解进行测试,比现有方法测试功耗降低11.3%,或测试时间降低48.7%,节省了片上测试资源与测试时间。     

嵌入式存储器动态故障诊断数据压缩设计

在微纳米级工艺中,嵌入式存储器出现开路故障的概率增高,从而带来动态故障。当静态故障与动态故障同时存在时,传统的暂停导出内建自测试设计虽然可以将故障诊断数据正确输出,但存在诊断数据冗余的问题。因此,提出一种动态故障诊断数据压缩的内建自测试设计。在不影响诊断数据完好性的前提下,识别故障模式为行故障、列故障与单元故障,并对其诊断数据进行压缩解决诊断数据冗余的问题。仿真结果表明,该设计能够正确压缩动态故障诊断数据,大幅度提高输出效率,减少输出时间,并且面积开销较小。在8 K×16的存储器的面积开销为3.16%,20%行列故障与5%动态故障下诊断数据压缩比为3.96%。     

航空电反推驱动用永磁同步电机振动及强度分析

电机的模态是分析振动的基础,由固有频率、振型和阻尼比决定。当电机工作时的激振频率与某一阶的固有频率相同或者相近时,会产生共振,导致电机剧烈振动,影响其正常运转。在对应用于航空电反推系统的双通道永磁同步电机PMSM进行三维建模之后,将三维模型送入ANSYS Workbench,在ANSYS工作平台上进行电机模态、响应谱分析与冲击响应的仿真。给出了该电机的前6阶次的固有频率和振型,以及在外加响应谱下的电机等效应力与在瞬态冲击下的电机机械结构上的应力分布。     

小波变换用于钢丝绳断丝检测的研究

本文采用漏磁场探伤方法对钢丝绳断丝进行检测,该方法的原理是利用励磁磁场和缺陷(即钢丝断丝处)相互作用产生的漏磁场来检测钢丝绳断丝,并且利用霍尔元件能够准确地获取漏磁场信号.首次把声表面波式小波变换的重构器件应用于钢丝绳断丝检测中.发现声表面波器件的发射叉指换能器和接收叉指换能器的指条重叠包络均按照小波函数(如Morlet小波)包络设计时,从而得到声表面波器件的发射叉指换能器和接收叉指换能器的脉冲响应函数均等于小波函数,所以制作出了声表面波式小波变换的重构器件.该器件是一带通滤波器,其相对带宽是1.1%,所以该器件可有效滤除干扰信号.     

人造金刚石热稳定性与包裹体关系的研究

在空气中加热人造金刚石单晶,其起始失重温度在９００℃左右。随着单晶内包裹体数量的增加,金刚石晶体的热稳定性降低。原因是金刚石晶体内存在的包裹体产生一内应力,该应力随温度的提高而增大,最终导致金刚石晶体在加热时产生塑性变形和石墨化。