Enhanced electron emission from phosphorus-doped diamond-cladsilicon field emitter arrays

Undoped and phosphorus (P)-doped diamond-clad Si field emitter arrays have been successfully fabricated using microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) technology. The electron emission from the blunt diamond-clad microtips are much higher than those for the pure Si tips with sharp curvature due to a lower work function. Furthermore, the characteristics of emission current against applied voltage for the P-doped diamond-clad tips show superior emission at lower field to the undoped ones. After the examination of Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and electrical characteristics of as-grown diamond, such a significant enhancement of the electron emission from the P-doped diamond-clad tips is attributed to a higher electron conductivity and defect densities     

Optimal solutions for a dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme in high-speed networks

In this paper, we investigate the problem of determining the optimal bandwidth allocation for a Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Scheme (DBAS). The objective is to minimize the total amount of bandwidth required to satisfy the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of all traffic streams. It is shown that when the performance functions satisfy a certain number of conditions, there exists a unique optimal bandwidth allocation such that, for each traffic stream, either its QoS is just satisfied or its QoS is over-satisfied and it is allocated zero bandwidth. Such an allocation is said to be efficient. It is also shown that there exists a unique efficient allocation in the entire feasible region. An iterative algorithm is developed to compute the efficient allocation employing its special properties. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate how the algorithm works. Future extensions of this work are also discussed.Partially supported by NSERC of Canada through grants OGP14020 and STRIN-200.     

Oxygen absorption kinetics in YBa2Cu3Ox

The oxygen absorption process in highly aligned YBa₂Cu₃O_x samples in air and in pure oxygen was studied at several constant temperatures. The process can be expressed in two steps, a chemical reaction controlled step and a diffusion controlled step. The kinetic equations are as follows respectively:

(1 − a_t) ln(1 − a_t) + a_t = k_Dt

The activation energy was calculated using an Arrhenius equation. The technical conditions of heat treatment for oxygen absorption of highly aligned YBa₂Cu₃O_x crystals are discussed.     

Novel technique for SiO2 formed by liquid-phasedeposition for low-temperature processed polysilicon TFT

A technique for SiO₂ formation by liquid-phase deposition (LPD) at nearly room temperature for low-temperature processed (LTP) polysilicon thin-film transistor (poly-Si TFT) was developed. LPD SiO₂ film with a lower P-etch rate shows a dense structure. LPD SiO₂ also exhibits good electrical characteristics. LTP poly-Si thin-film transistors (TFTs) with LPD SiO ₂ as the gate insulator have been fabricated and investigated. Their characteristics indicate performance adequate for their use as pixel transistors in liquid crystal displays (LCDs)     

An alternative approach to weight function evaluation for an orthotropic crack

The use of the analytically decoupled near-tip displacement solutions as an alternative approach, is presented in this paper for the efficient finite element evaluation of the decoupled weight functions for an orthotropic 2-D crack. This alternative approach has been validated by directly comparing the prior weight function results with a symmetric mesh approach in the crack-tip neighborhood, and indirectly by comparing the calculated stress intensity factors (K_I(II)) values using the computed weight functions with available K_I(II) solutions of the 2-D mixed mode orthotropic cracks. In addition, this approach with analytically decoupled near-tip displacement solutions for calculating weight functions at all locations, can facilitate further extension of weight function evaluations to a more general 2-D anisotropic crack.     

Strain analysis of moving objects using a Fourier transform grid method

There is no good method to measure the shape and the strain distributions of a structure changing with time. We have previously proposed the Fourier transform grid method (FTGM) to measure the three-dimensional shape and surface strain distributions of stationary objects by analysing the two-dimensional grating images recorded with two cameras. In the stereoscopic method, it is very important to determine the accurate geometric parameters of the camera system. In this paper, the positions and the directions of cameras are accurately determined using the FTGM applied to images of a reference object on which a two-dimensional grating is drawn. Applications for analysing shape and strain distributions of vibrating rubber plates and a moving human skin are shown.     

MSTP在3G的应用

讨论了MSTP的技术特点,指出MSTP能高效可靠传输各种业务,并结合3G网络的业务发展以及3G传输关注的接口,提出采用引入ATM功能的MSTP技术解决3G传输网络的方案.     

论王光祈的“少年中国”理想

王光祈的“少年中国”理想，是以“少年意大利”为基础，汲取五四时期社会主义思潮的积极成分而形成的。创造“少年中国”在“人”的方面，是从改造中国少年入手，同时注重青年学生与平民的改造，注重劳动阶级、智识阶级与资产阶级的改造与联合；在“事”的方面，积极开展社会事业和社会活动，且必须经过社会分工与国际分工。可见，他的这种理想是典型的社会改革主张，在早期带有无政府主义色彩，自始至终具有强烈的民族主义情感。     

Coordinating Agents in Shop Floor Environments From a Dynamic Systems Perspective

In this paper, we address agent coordination from a dynamic systems perspective and propose a dynamic coordination model, which is inspired by biological metabolic systems. A new coordination mechanism through dynamic local adjustment (CDLA) is presented, and coordination is achieved when every agent utilizes explicitly the global system dynamics and performs iteratively a dynamic local adjustment procedure. The CDLA mechanism is investigated in an example multiagent shop floor system. The results show that the example manufacturing process is well-coordinated and the coordination approach is practically applicable and effective