Age and forgetfulness: Perceivers' impressions of targets' capability.

In a person perception paradigm, 72 young and 72 old adult Ss listened to tape recordings of a nonforgetful, moderately forgetful, or highly forgetful female target person being interviewed for a volunteer job. Ss then rated their opinion of the target's memory and how likely they would be to assign the target to easy and difficult tasks. Overall, Ss gave higher memory opinion ratings to old than to young targets. As expected, they were more likely to assign tasks to nonforgetful than to forgetful targets. However, they were more egalitarian than was hypothesized in their task assignment ratings for forgetful young vs forgetful old targets. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Scholarship in psychology: A paradigm for the twenty-first century.

Numerous changes in higher education (e.g., the demand for accountability, threats to tenure, new modes of instruction) and discontent with narrow definitions of scholarship have created the need for a broader and more precise definition of the nature of scholarship psychology. The 5-part definition that we propose includes (a) original research (creation of knowledge), (b) integration of knowledge (synthesis and reorganization), (c) application of knowledge, (d) the scholarship of pedagogy, and (e) the scholarship of teaching in psychology. Scholarly activities require high levels of discipline-specific expertise, are innovative, can be replicated, are documented, can be subject to peer review, and have significance. This broader conceptualization of scholarship will benefit all stakeholders in higher education students—faculty, colleges and universities, the community, and society at large. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Verification of multiprocess probabilistic protocols

In this paper we demonstrate the utility of temporal logic to the formal verification of probabilistic distributed programs. The approach taken is to represent the quantitative notion of probabilistic computations by the qualitative abstraction ofextreme fairness. The method is illustrated first on the dining philosophers problem [3] and then on a new probabilistic symmetric solution to then-processes mutual exclusion problem. Two related solutions are presented corresponding to different assumptions about the granularity of a compound test.Amir Pnueli, graduated at the Technion, Haifa, Israel 1962. Received a Ph.D. degree in Applied Mathematics at the Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel, 1967.He is currently a Professor of Computer Science at the Weizmann Institute. His research interests include the Semantics, Verification, Specification and Development of Concurrent and Distributed Systems using Temporal Logic and other Formalisms.Lenore Zuck was born in Tel Aviv, Israel, on September 26, 1958. She received her B.Sc. degree in Computer Science from the Technion, Haifa, Israel in 1979, and the M.Sc. degree in Computer Science at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, in 1983, where she is currently completing her Ph.D. studies. Her areas of interest include the Analysis and Verification of Distributed and Probabilistic Systems and Pre-Classic Music.The work of this author was supported by the Eshkol Fund     

Using hyperspectral remote sensing to estimate chlorophyll‐a and phycocyanin in a mesotrophic reservoir

This research estimates phytoplankton pigment concentrations (chlorophyll‐a (chl‐a) and phycocyanin (PC)) from hyperspectral Airborne Imaging Spectrometer for Applications (AISA) imagery. AISA images were acquired for a meso‐eutrophic reservoir in Central Indiana, USA. Concurrent with the airborne image acquisition, in situ water samples and reflectances were collected. The water samples were subsequently analysed for pigment concentrations, and in situ measured reflectance spectra were used for calibrating the AISA images. Spectral indices, derived from the AISA reflectance spectra, were regressed against the measured pigment concentrations to derive algorithms for estimating chl‐a and PC. The relationship between the pigment concentrations and the spectral indices were analysed and evaluated. The results indicate that the highest correlation occurred between chl‐a and a near‐infrared to red ratio (coefficient of determination R ²?=?0.78) and between PC and the reflectance trough at 628 nm (R ²?=?0.80). The relationship between PC and the reflectance at 628 nm provides an approach to the estimation of cyanobacteria concentration from hyperspectral imagery, which facilitates water‐quality authorities or management agencies in making well‐informed management decisions.     

Precision cellular agriculture: The future role of recombinantly expressed protein as food

Cellular agriculture is a rapidly emerging field, within which cultured meat has attracted the majority of media attention in recent years. An equally promising area of cellular agriculture, and one that has produced far more actual food ingredients that have been incorporated into commercially available products, is the use of cellular hosts to produce soluble proteins, herein referred to as precision cellular agriculture (PCAg). In PCAg, specific animal- or plant-sourced proteins are expressed recombinantly in unicellular hosts—the majority of which are yeast—and harvested for food use. The numerous advantages of PCAg over traditional agriculture, including a smaller carbon footprint and more consistent products, have led to extensive research on its utility. This review is the first to survey proteins currently being expressed using PCAg for food purposes. A growing number of viable expression hosts and recent advances for increased protein yields and process optimization have led to its application for producing milk, egg, and muscle proteins; plant hemoglobin; sweet-tasting plant proteins; and ice-binding proteins. Current knowledge gaps present research opportunities for optimizing expression hosts, tailoring posttranslational modifications, and expanding the scope of proteins produced. Considerations for the expansion of PCAg and its implications on food regulation, society, ethics, and the environment are also discussed. Considering the current trajectory of PCAg, food proteins from any biological source can likely be expressed recombinantly and used as purified food ingredients to create novel and tailored food products.