Low-pressure,thermo-compressive lamination

Lamination of green ceramic tapes is one of the most important technological processes in multilayer ceramic technology. Lamination affects the quality of all 3D structures (e.g., channels, chambers, membranes, etc.). Novel chemical methods of lamination reduce the deformation of 3D structures. However, these methods are useless in the fabrication of thin membranes and structures with thick-film electronic components or electric vias. Therefore, thermo-compressive lamination is still the best solution for the lamination of green ceramic tapes. Low-pressure thermo-compressive lamination with an insert material is presented in this paper. The influence of pressure and Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics (LTCC) material on the compressibility and shrinkage of LTCC, as well as the influence of the insert material on deflection and distortion of the membranes are presented and discussed in this paper.     

Influence of the degree of fusariosis on technological traits of wheat grain

The paper aims to enlarge the current knowledge about the dependence of technological traits of wheat grain on its degree of infestation (DI) with fusariosis. Samples of grain of four wheat cultivars were obtained from naturally grown crops (control) and from crops inoculated with Fusarium culmorum from which three degrees of kernel infestation were selected. Samples were determined for thousand kernels weight (TKW), total protein, starch and wet gluten (WG) contents, Hagberg falling number (HFN) and sedimentation value (SV). Content of protein and wet gluten showed higher values for moderately infested kernels (up to 15 and 25%, respectively, when compared to control grain) than for kernels lightly or heavily infested. All the remaining traits had values lower than that for control grain and showed a decrease with increasing DI. Decrease for the heaviest infestation was on average: 8, 29, 31 and 34% for starch, TKW, HFN and SV, respectively.     

High-pressure investigations of positive ion-molecule reactions in a mixtureof H2S and CH4

The positive ion-molecule reactions in the mixtures of hydrogen sulfide and methane have been examined by means of quadrupole mass spectrometer with the high-pressure ion source. The concentration of hydrogen sulfide in mixtures ranged from 10% to 90% with 10% increment. For each mixture major bimolecular ion-molecule reactions have been identified in the total pressure range from 0.7 to 33.3 Pa. The electron energy for all measurements was fixed at 300 eV and the repeller potential was maintained at 5 V. Relative intensities of ion currents for the observed ions C⁺, CH⁺, CH₂⁺, CH₃⁺, CH₄⁺, CH₅⁺, C₂H₃⁺, C₂H₄⁺, C₂H₅⁺, S⁺, HS⁺, H₂S⁺, H₃S⁺, H₃³⁴S⁺, CHS⁺, CH₃S⁺, S₂⁺, HS₂⁺ and H₂S₂⁺ were determined as a function of total gas pressure inside the ion source collision chamber, repeller potential and concentration of methane in the mixture.     

A posteriori error estimation for acoustic wave propagation problems

Summary The main purpose of this paper is to review a posteriori error estimators for the simulation of acoustic wave propagation problems by computational methods. Residual-type (explicit and implicit) and recovery-type estimators are presented in detail in the case of the Helmholtz problem. Recent work on goal-oriented error estimation techniques with respect to so-called quantities of interest or output functionals are also accounted for. Fundamental results from a priori error estimation are presented and issues dealing with pollution error at large wave numbers are extensively discussed.     

Relationship between proteolysis and angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibition in different cheeses

The inhibition of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) by the ethanol (70%)-soluble fraction (ESF) from different cheeses was analysed with an extract from rabbit lung acetone powder as enzyme source and 2-furanacryloyl-1-phenylalanylglycylglycine (FAPGG) as substrate. Proteolysis was assessed by a spectroscopic o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) assay of the pH 4.6-soluble fraction and ESF. Peptides in the ESF were separated by reverse phase-HPLC. The traditional Norwegian cheese Gamalost had per unit cheese weight higher ACE inhibition potential than Brie, Roquefort and Gouda-type cheese, likely due to the combination of highest protein content and most extensive proteolysis providing a high content of ACE inhibitory peptides. However, ACE-inhibition expressed as IC₅₀ per unit peptide concentration from ESF assessed by the OPA-assay was highest for Kesam, a Quark-type cheese with a low degree of proteolysis.     

On generalized logistic equations with a non-homogeneous differential operator

We consider a generalized logistic equation of superdiffusive type, driven by a non-homogeneous nonlinear differential operator, which incorporates the p-Laplacian, the (p, q)-differential operator and the generalized p-mean curvature differential operator. Using variational methods coupled with truncation and comparison techniques, we prove a bifurcation-type theorem describing the dependence of positive solutions on the parameter λ > 0.     

Self‐Assembled Conjugated Thiophene‐Based Rotaxane Architectures: Structural,Computational, and Spectroscopic Insights into Molecular Aggregation

A comparative study of the self‐assembly at a variety of surfaces of a dithiophene rotaxane 1 ?β‐CD and its corresponding dumbbell, 1, by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging on the micrometer and nanometer scale, respectively. The dumbbell is found to have a greater propensity to form ordered supramolecular assemblies, as a result of π–π interactions between dithiophenes belonging to adjacent molecules, which are hindered in the rotaxane. The fine molecular structure determined by STM was compared to that obtained by molecular modelling. The optical properties of both rotaxane and dumbbell in the solid state were investigated by steady‐state and time‐resolved photoluminescence (PL) experiments on spin‐cast films and diluted solutions. The comparison between the optical features of the threaded and unthreaded systems reveals an effective role of encapsulation in reducing aggregation and exciton migration for the rotaxanes with respect to the dumbbells, thus leading to higher PL quantum efficiency and preserved single‐molecule photophysics for longer times after excitation in the threaded oligomers.     

Influence of repeller potential on ion-molecule reactions in methane and carbon tetrafluoride mixtures

Investigations of ion-molecule reactions were performed for methane-carbon tetrafluoride mixtures of different compositions. Concentration of methane in these mixtures ranged from 10% to 90% (at 10% increment) and total mixture pressure was fixed at 13.3 Pa. Measurements were made using a quadrupole mass spectrometer with a high-pressure ion source. Primary ions CH₄⁺, F⁺, CF⁺ and CF₃⁺ were produced by electrons with energy of 300 eV. Secondary ions CH₅⁺, C₂H₃⁺, C₂H₄⁺, C₂H₅⁺, C₂H₇⁺ and CF₃⁺ were observed as the result of ion-molecule reactions.The influence of repeller potential on ion-molecule reactions efficiency was examined.     

Repositioning HR Information Systems

Are the human resource function and its systems becoming obsolete? Making the jump from auditor to employee enabler can open up new career opportunities for the human resource function and provide strategic advantage to the organization.