Synthesis of well-dispersed Ag nanoparticles on eggshell membrane for catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol

A novel functional bio-nanocomposite was prepared by deposition of Ag nanoparticles onto the surface of natural eggshell membrane fibers. Practically, the functional groups exposed on the fiber surface can provide locations to anchor Ag ions when immersed into metal precursor solution. The synthesized small-sized Ag nanoparticles with uniform distribution is well decorated on the surface of interwoven fibers of eggshell membrane. The effectiveness of the as-prepared AgNPs/ESM composites as a solid phase heterogeneous catalyst has been evaluated, for the first time, on the well-known 4-nitrophenol reduction to 4-aminophenol in the presence of excess borohydride. Moreover, the kinetics of the reduction reaction was investigated at different temperatures to determine the activation energy. This work provides an important example in the introduction of natural membranes for the fabrication of functional hybrid nanocomposites which could be very useful in varying fields.     

储油罐顶部保温节能方案设计

针对具体的油库建设项目,从节能的角度出发,提出了增加储油罐顶部保温设计方案,并与不设顶部保温的方案进行了对比分析,设计结果表明加设储油罐顶部保温的设计尽管增加了初始投资,但节能效果明显,以单个储油罐最大储油量为45000m3计算,投资回收期为0.788年。     

基于RTDS的数字与物理混合仿真接口设计与实现

SF6类电力设备内部的局部放电停止后或者取气回实验室进行检测时,尽管设备或样品处于静置状态,但气体分解产物的体积分数依然会随着时间的变化发生不同程度的变化。为提高气体分解产物检测的准确性和可靠性,对静置状态下气体分解产物体积分数随时间的变化（简称为静置效应）展开研究。通过分析SF6的分解机制确定SOF2、SO2F2、CO2三种气体是分解产物中的典型成分,然后在90 L的实验罐体内装设悬浮电位缺陷模型,对其施加2倍的起始局部放电电压,使罐体内的SF6在局放作用下产生分解,进而分析放电停止后这3种主要分解产物的体积分数及比值随时间、初始体积分数的变化规律。结果表明,SOF2和SO2F2两种产物的体积分数随时间呈现不同程度的下降,且初始体积分数越大则下降幅度越大,CO2的体积分数则相对稳定;产物体积分数比值φ(SOF2)/φ(SO2F2)在初始阶段的12 h内随静置时间逐渐下降,并于24 h后逐渐稳定。     

多相分数槽集中绕组表贴式永磁电机谐波电流的确定及其影响

以一台20槽22极的五相分数槽集中绕组表贴式永磁电机为例进行分析。在保持电流有效值不变的前提下,以获得最大平均转矩为目标,采用解析法确定谐波电流分量,并通过有限元法得到验证。此外,对比分析电机在谐波电流注入前后电磁转矩、绕组磁动势、气隙磁密、涡流损耗、径向力波等性能的变化。分析表明,注入谐波电流后电机绕组磁动势出现新的谐波分量(包括低次分量),并导致涡流损耗和最低次径向力波含量增加。分析结果揭示了多相永磁电机设计的重点,为该类电机的设计提供参考。     

钾长石制取钾肥的研究进展及前景

简要介绍了我国和世界钾盐资源的分布及钾的供需状况,以及缓解我国缺钾局面的主要途径;着重论述了钾长石制钾肥的研究进展;最后阐述了钾长石提钾中存在的问题及发展前景。     

房地产开发应与城市规划协调发展

分析我国房地产开发过程中存在的问题,阐述了协调城市规划与房地产开发的原则和措施.     

某钒钛磁铁精矿深度还原-磁选试验研究

以河北承德某铁品位为61.08%,TiO2品位为7.66%的钒钛磁铁精矿为研究对象,进行了钒钛磁铁精矿深度还原-磁选试验研究。考察了还原温度、还原时间、C/O摩尔比、CaCO3添加量对还原产物和分选指标的影响。在还原温度为1350℃、还原时间120min、C/O摩尔比2.5、CaCO3添加量为16%、磁选场强为85mT的条件下,可以得到全铁品位为87.19%、铁回收率为82.62%的磁性产品和TiO2品位18.76%、TiO2回收率为79.40%非磁性产品。由还原产物的金属化率与XRD分析得知,钛磁铁矿向铁氧化物、钛氧化物和金属铁的转化较难发生,适当增加CaCO3的用量,能促进钛磁铁矿向CaTiO3、铁氧化物和金属铁的转化。      

焙烧铁尾矿制备透水砖试验研究

为了改善尾矿制砖的力学性质,解决尾矿堆积问题,采用焙烧铁尾矿、水泥和粉煤灰为胶凝材料,2.36~4.75 mm粒级铁尾矿为粗骨料,通过搅拌、成型和养护工艺制备透水砖,探究了焙烧铁尾矿用量、水胶比、目标孔隙率和振动时间对透水砖性能的影响,对比未焙烧尾矿制备透水砖的性能。结果表明：① 焙烧尾矿制备透水砖最佳试验条件为：焙烧尾矿掺量60%,振动时间40 s、水胶比0.3,目标孔隙率20%;此时,透水砖抗折强度为3.34 MPa,符合国家标准Rf3.0,抗压强度为15.44 MPa,符合国家标准MU15,透水系数为2.58×10-2 cm/s,符合国家标准A级标准,实测孔隙率为23.41%。② 焙烧尾矿掺量为60%时效果最佳;未焙烧尾矿掺量为50%时效果最佳,抗折、抗压强度分别为3.38 MPa和14.54 MPa,透水系数符合国家A级标准;焙烧尾矿比未焙烧尾矿多替代水泥10%的情况下,力学性能焙烧尾矿透水砖较好,而透水性能则未焙烧尾矿透水砖较好。     

外援型自修复聚合物材料研究进展

综述了近年来自修复聚合物材料的研究进展,根据自修复过程是否需要外加修复剂,聚合物基复合材料自修复方法主要包括外援型自修复和本征型自修复。结合近几年最新研究成果,归纳了几种典型的外援型自修复方法,主要包括空心纤维自修复、纳米粒子自修复、微胶囊自修复（双环戊二烯修复剂体系、环氧树脂修复剂体系等）、微脉管自修复、碳纳米管自修复等,系统阐述了这几种自修复方法的修复机理、自修复体系特点及研究现状。展望了自修复材料的研究前景：优化和开发新的修复剂体系以提高修复效率、实现真正意义上的仿生材料。     

Progress and perspectives of sludge ozonation as a powerful pretreatment method for minimization of excess sludge production

The treatment and disposal of excess sludge represents a bottleneck in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) worldwide, due to environmental, economic, social and legal factors. The ideal solution to the problem of sludge disposal is to combine sludge reduction with the removal of pollution at the source. This paper presents an overview of the potential of ozonation in sludge reduction. The full-scale application of ozonation in excess sludge reduction is presented. Improvements in the biodegradability of the ozonated sludge were confirmed. The introduction of ozonation into activated sludge did not significantly influence effluent quality but improved the settling properties of the sludge. An operation with a suitable sludge wasting ratio seems to be necessary to prevent accumulation of inorganic and inert particles for long-term operation. Sludge ozonation to reduce excess sludge production may be economical in WWTP which have high sludge disposal costs and operational problems such as sludge foaming and bulking. The recommended ozone dose ranges from 0.03 to 0.05 g O₃/g TSS, which is appropriate to achieve a balance between sludge reduction efficiency and cost. An effort to design and optimize an economic sludge reduction process is necessary.