神经控制（Ⅰ）─—神经元控制

介绍了作者在神经控制──神经元控制方面的研究成果，主要包括面向控制的神经元模型、神经元控制系统、神经元无模型控制方法和应用实例。     

SPE电解池催化剂载体的研究

采用氮化钛、碳化钛、碳化硅纳米粉体作为载体,制备担载型RuO2催化剂;并利用X-射线衍射(XRD)及电化学测试技术对样品进行表征.结果表明:纳米TiN、TiC粉体在高温煅烧时都发生了氧化反应,部分转化为TiO2,而纳米粉体SiC比较稳定,不发生化学反应,RuO2/SiC催化剂相比RuO2/TiC、RuO2/TiN催化剂也具有较好的析氧催化活性.     

脲醛树脂基高分子材料改性研究

本文简要介绍了脲醛树脂基高分子材料的基本生产工艺流程,探索玻璃纤维、纳米蒙脱土、丁腈橡胶粉以及玉米淀粉种类和用量对脲醛树脂基高分子材料耐电击穿性能的影响。实验结果表明,选用玻璃纤维作为增强剂对脲醛树脂基高分子材料的耐电击穿强度影响最为明显,纳米蒙脱土次之,玉米淀粉的加入对脲醛树脂基高分子材料的耐电击穿强度影响不明显,而丁腈橡胶的加入对脲醛树脂基高分子材料的耐电击穿强度有明显的下降趋势,改性后的脲醛树脂基高分子材料的耐电击穿强度能超过17KV/mm,最佳耐压时间在100s以上。     

Creation of Nonspherical Microparticles through Osmosis‐Driven Arrested Coalescence of Microfluidic Emulsions

Droplet‐based microfluidics enable the production of emulsions and microparticles with spherical shapes, but the high‐throughput fabrication of nonspherical emulsions and microparticles still remains challenging because interfacial tension plays a dominant role during preparation. Herein, ionic liquids (ILs) containing salts, which possess sufficient osmotic pressure to realize water transport and phase separation, are introduced as inner cores of oil‐in‐oil‐in‐water double emulsions and it is shown that nonspherical emulsions can be constructed by osmosis‐driven arrested coalescence of inner cores. Subsequently, ultraviolet polymerization of the nonspherical emulsions leads to nonspherical microparticles. By tailoring the number, composition, and size of inner cores as well as coalescence time, a variety of nonspherical shapes such as dumbbell, rod, spindle, snowman, tumbler, three‐pointed star, triangle, and scalene triangle are created. Importantly, benefitting from excellent solvency of ILs, this system can serve as a general platform to produce nonspherical microparticles made from different materials. Moreover, by controlling the osmotic pressure, programmed coalescence of inner cores in double emulsions is realizable, which indicates the potential to build microreactors. Thus, a simple and high‐throughput strategy to create nonspherical microparticles with arrested coalescence shapes is developed for the first time and can be further used to construct novel materials and microreactors.     

Effect of V doping concentration on the electronic structure,optical and photocatalytic properties of nano-sized V-doped anatase TiO2

V-doped TiO₂ with V/Ti ratio of 1–5% has been synthesized by hydrothermal method and then characterized by XRD, TEM, BET specific surface area, XPS and UV–vis. absorption spectra. The photocatalytic activity of the as-synthesized samples was investigated by the degradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. Density functional theory (DFT) based calculations were performed to investigate the mechanism of band gap narrowing, the shift of light absorption edge, the location of V in the TiO₂ lattice and the variation in electronic and optical properties of TiO₂ with the increase of V doping concentration. Irrespective of the V doping concentration, TEM images indicate that all the doped samples were composed of equiaxed spherical anatase TiO₂ particles with good crystallinity and uniform particle size distribution. Both the experimental results from XPS survey and the theoretical calculation argue that the doped V replaces the lattice Ti and form substitutional impurity. The visible light absorption can be optimized by adjusting the V doping concentration. Among the doped samples with different V doping concentrations, the sample with V/Ti ratio of 2% depicts better visible light photocatalytic activity due to the enhanced visible light absorption and improved separation of electron–hole pairs.     

稠油冷采用冻胶分散体调驱体系的相互作用机制

目的 旨在有效解决稠油化学冷采过程中降黏剂窜流现象严重、油藏动用效率低的问题,支撑稠油绿色高效开发。方法 基于稠油冷采降黏剂高效降黏洗油与冻胶分散体调剖剂储层调控的协同效应,采用复配方式构建了稠油冷采用冻胶分散体调驱体系,测试其基本性能,并使用界面扩张流变仪以及流变仪,考查了体系的界面流变特性和剪切应力特性。结果 体系由质量分数为0.06%～0.12%的冻胶分散体和质量分数为0.05%～0.15%的降黏剂组成,为粒径均一的低黏流体,能够降低界面张力并乳化稠油,降黏率达到95%以上。体系中降黏剂在油水界面的吸附行为决定了体系的乳化降黏能力,降黏剂通过吸附在冻胶分散体的表面提高了体系的聚结稳定性,并考查了组分含量及油藏条件对以上过程的影响。结论 构建了一种兼具储层调控和高效降黏能力稠油冷采用冻胶分散体调驱体系,探明了体系中各组分间的相互作用机制,为稠油化学冷采提供了技术支持。     

焦化汽柴油加氢捕硅剂的制备及性能评价

目的 脱除焦化汽柴油馏分中的有机硅化合物,避免催化剂硅中毒。方法 以拟薄水铝石粉为载体制备原料,镍钼为活性金属组分,采用等体积浸渍法制备了加氢捕硅剂,利用N₂吸附脱附、X射线衍射、吡啶红外光谱、扫描电镜等方法对其进行分析表征,并在200 mL加氢中试装置上考查了捕硅剂的脱硅活性和2 000 h活性稳定性。结果 自主开发的捕硅剂比表面积和孔容较高,酸性适宜,活性金属分布均匀,强度满足工业装置装填要求。捕硅剂的脱硅活性较高,在典型的工业条件下,脱硅率>90%,在2 000 h活性稳定性试验过程中,脱硅率稳定>90%,活性稳定性良好,且具有较高的容硅能力。结论 自主开发的捕硅剂具有广阔的工业应用前景,对清洁燃料的生产及保护装置的长周期稳定运行具有十分重要的意义。     

综合航电开放式软件设计技术

综合航电开放式软件设计技术是新一代航电系统支持平台机载实时容错分布式计算机系统的重点,它的设计直接或间接地关系到新一代综合航电系统的性能和成本.针对先进综合航电系统的特点、性能要求,对目前机载计算机软件系统存在的可靠性、安全性低,不易移植,成本高,层次分割不清晰,功能独立性差,对系统容错支持能力弱等缺陷,提出了"三层栈结构"的软件设计新思想,通过标准接口(物理接口和逻辑接口)使得层与层,模块与模块之间得以分开,实现了功能模块化、软硬件隔离性、软件的再利用性、可剪裁性、易维护性,以适应不断增长的航空电子系统任务能力需求,为新一代航电系统支持平台机载实时容错分布式计算机系统的开发、研制提供了可靠的保证.     

3-卤代吲唑水助质子转移反应机理的理论研究(英文)

在密度泛函B3LYP/6-311G**理论水平上,对气相和水相中3-卤代吲唑瓦变异构体进行几何构型伞自由度优化,获得它们在气相和水相中的几何结构和电子结构,PCM反应场溶剂模型用于水相计算.结果显示在气相和水相中,3.卤代吲唑的N1-H形式比N2-H形式稳定.探讨了不同的3-取代基团和溶剂化效应对互变异构体的几何结构,能量,电荷分布以及互变异构反应活化能的影响等.进一步研究了3-卤代吲唑水催化质子迁移的反应机理,提出了平面五元环的过渡态结构.     

缆型钢丝圈在半钢轿车子午线轮胎中的应用

以245/45R18 100W轮胎为例,研究缆型钢丝圈替代六角形钢丝圈在半钢轿车子午线轮胎中的应用。结果表明,采用缆型钢丝圈生产工艺性能良好,可有效减小轮胎质量,降低滚动阻力,提高抗撞击性能,显著增强轮胎在使用过程中的抗风险能力。