矿区土壤重金属Cd高光谱建模与模型适应性分析

以粤北南岭某矿区土壤为研究对象,采用传统采样检测方法分析土壤重金属含量.借助ASD FieldSpec 4型便携式高光谱仪测量土壤光谱反射率,将土壤反射率经过卷积平滑后进行8种数据变换,分析9种光谱数据指标与镉(Cd)含量的相关性.采用偏最小二乘和随机森林方法,结合Pearson相关系数分别建立9种光谱数据指标的土壤重金属Cd含量的高光谱反演模型.并对其预测能力进行评价,实现了局地尺度上土壤重金属Cd含量反演,探究了不同Cd浓度区间对建模精度的影响.结果表明:通过不同的数据变换方式可以有效消除基线,去除背景干扰并提高光谱数据与Cd的相关性.其中一阶微分变换效果最为理想;偏最小二乘(Partial Least Squares Regression,PLSR)与随机森林(Random Forest Regression,RF)均能不同程度预测Cd含量,其中采用一阶微分结合随机森林(FD-RF)方法所建模型具备较高可靠性,R2超过0.80;当样本浓度平均值变化超过40％时,建立的模型预测能力降低.该研究方法可以作为土壤重金属Cd检测的手段,研究结果可以为土壤重金属高光谱反演提供方法和理论支持.     

云制造环境下新能源汽车供应链协同制造模式

为了解决新能源汽车制造企业生产能力资源非均衡低匹配的问题,提出云制造环境下新能源汽车供应链协同制造模式,构建了这一模式下的体系架构,并交代了云制造环境下新能源汽车供应链协同制造模式的运作流程,且分析了这一制造模式下时间、成本和价格等方面的优势,也更进一步表明这一制造模式实现的必要性,为新能源汽车的生产制造提供了一种新的途径.     

4.0 Mt·a-1渣油加氢装置加氢渣油低硫高残炭控制分析

4.0 Mt·a-1渣油加氢装置是云南石化加工高硫劣质原油的核心装置,决定了企业加工原油的品种及数量.为配合企业开展渣油加氢装置与催化裂化装置组合加工工艺,提高加氢渣油转化效率,降低重油装置的综合能耗,需要对渣油加氢装置的加氢渣油进行低硫、高残炭质量产品控制,硫质量分数控制在0.28％～0.33％、残炭值控制在4.0％～4.8％(质量分数).从重油组合工艺技术角度考虑,从渣油加氢装置原料性质、催化剂级配体系及反应系统控制等方面进行分析,优化加氢产品控制方案,确保下游催化裂化装置能够长周期稳定低能耗运行及外排水指标达标.     

课程思政理念融入“动态图形设计”课程的探索——以制作“我的足球梦”宣传片为例

思政教育在高等职业教育中的地位越来越重要,教师在教学设计过程中要将课程思政融入课程教学,坚持以人为本、立德树人,使各类专业课程与思想政治理论课同向同行。以高职“动态图形设计”课程为例,探索将思政内容融入到专业课程教学中的方法,使学生在设计动画作品的同时,接受思政教育,培养学生正确的思想观、道德观和价值观。     

铝储液筒高频感应钎焊的应用研究

对铝储液筒和铝管之间焊接的难点和存在的问题进行了分析,选择高频感应焊接进行生产应用,对铝储液筒和铝管之间高频感应焊接的生产工艺过程,从接头的几何形状及尺寸等,到实际生产的工装使用,进行了生产实验并总结了生产工艺要点,这些方法的实施,较好解决了铝储液筒和铝管之间焊接的难点问题,取得了良好的焊接质量.通过在生产实际中的普及应用,收获了明显的经济效益.其中针对实际应用中的问题给出的解决办法,对于类似铝管类制品之间的焊接,具有重要的指导意义.     

The dynamic evolution of aggregated lithium dendrites in lithium metal batteries

Lithium (Li) metal anodes promise an ultrahigh theoretical energy density and low redox potential,thus being the critical energy material for next-generation batteries.Unfortunately,the formation of Li den-drites in Li metal anodes remarkably hinders the practical applications of Li metal anodes.Herein,the dynamic evolution of discrete Li dendrites and aggregated Li dendrites with increasing current densities is visualized by in-situ optical microscopy in conjunction with ex-situ scanning electron microscopy.As revealed by the phase field simulations,the formation of aggregated Li dendrites under high current den-sity is attributed to the locally concentrated electric field rather than the depletion of Li ions.More specif-ically,the locally concentrated electric field stems from the spatial inhomogeneity on the Li metal surface and will be further enhanced with increasing current densities.Adjusting the above two factors with the help of the constructed phase field model is able to regulate the electrodeposited morphology from aggregated Li dendrites to discrete Li dendrites,and ultimately columnar Li morphology.The methodol-ogy and mechanistic understanding established herein give a significant step toward the practical appli-cations of Li metal anodes.     

多端直流功率协调控制与多端直流运行方式转换的配合分析

为研究多端直流功率协调控制策略在多端直流工程实际应用中的可靠性和稳定性,结合国内某三端直流工程阐述了典型多端直流运行方式的转换逻辑(即极退出逻辑)及二送一模式多端直流功率协调控制策略,通过分析该直流运行方式转换过程中出现的一起功率损失事件验证功率协调策略,并针对其不足提出了改进建议,为今后的三端直流工程设计与运行维护提供参考依据.     

基于LSTM的电力暂态稳定在线评估及预测研究

电网规模的扩大使得电力系统运行状态变得更加复杂,对电网安全稳定运行提出了更高要求。提出了基于深度学习中长短时记忆（long-and-short term memory,LSTM）的电力暂态稳定在线评估模型。该模型通过获取全网各节点电压、电流、功率等电气量,实时计算得到电网失稳可能性评分,并在新英格兰10机39线系统上对该模型进行测试与优化。实验结果表明,该模型能通过实时运算得到电网稳定性的评估及预警,具有准确性高、预警能力强、支持在线监测的特点。     

Importance of Low-Temperature Melt-Mixing on the Construction of Stereocomplex Crystallites with Superior Nucleation Efficiency in Asymmetric Poly(l-lactide)/Poly(d-lactide) Blends

The nucleation efficiency (NE) of stereocomplex crystallites (SCs) formed in asymmetric poly(L-lactide)/poly(D-lactide) (PLLA/PDLA) blends is generally unsatisfactory because the competition between stereocomplexation and chain mixing involved in the melt-mixing process can cause low formation efficiency and even severe aggregation of SCs. Herein, it is attempted to achieve high-efficient formation of finely dispersed SCs particles by designing a unique melt-mixing procedure, where the mixing of PLLA with 0.75 wt% PDLA is first performed at elevated temperatures (far above the melting temperature of SCs) to allow the homogeneous mixing of PLLA/PDLA chains and then at a low temperature (slightly above that of homocrystallites) to permit the full stereocomplexation of the premixed chains. It is found that the SCs formed in the blends exhibit unexpectedly low NEs (e.g., 54.5%), much inferior to that (73.6%) in the counterpart without undergoing premixing. This is because the introduction of premixing leads to a remarkable deterioration in the amount of SCs particles formed, despite decreased particle size, highlighting that the direct mixing at low temperatures of 170–180 °C (about 20–30 °C lower than that used in common melt-processing of PLA) is more effective for the construction of SCs with superior NE. The mechanisms for these striking findings are discussed.     

Excellent Polyimide Dielectrics Containing Conjugated ACAT for High-Temperature Polymer Film Capacitor

In order to meet the requirements of polymer dielectric materials for high thermal stability and excellent dielectric properties in the application of high-temperature film capacitors, a series of polyimide (PI) films are fabricated by introducing a self-synthesized aniline trimer (ACAT) with a conjugated structure in this work. Since the conjugated ACAT in the main chains of PI improves the electron polarization and carrier mobility of the PI molecular chains, the dielectric constant of the ACAT-PI films is greatly enhanced (4.4–7.4). Meanwhile, the dissipation factor does not increase apparently (0.002–0.013). The dielectric properties are stable even when the temperature is up to 200 °C, the thermal degradation temperature is as high as 450 °C, and the mechanical properties are also excellent (70–105 MPa). Among all the films, the PI film with 5 mol% ACAT exhibits the maximal energy density of 3.6 J cm⁻³ under the field of 426 kV mm⁻¹, the high tensile strength (90 MPa) and the excellent thermal stability (T_d5 = 515 °C). The work paves the way to prepare high-temperature polymer dielectric film materials with high energy storage density.