Fill reduction techniques for circuit simulation

We investigate the performance of a combination of sophisticated local symmetric ordering methods with a simple symmetrization step on a test set of Jacobians obtained from modified nodal equations. It is demonstrated that using such ordering heuristics as a replacement for Markowitz’ algorithm may accelerate circuit simulation significantly.     

Synthesis and Field Evaluation of Stereoisomers and Analogues of 5-Methylheptadecan-7-ol,an Unusual Sex Pheromone Component of the Lichen Moth,Miltochrista calamina

Females of the lichen moth, Miltochrista calamina (Arctiidae, Lithosiinae), were previously shown to produce 5-methylheptadecan-7-ol (1) as a sex pheromone. In field tests, males were attracted only by the (5R,7R)-isomer of the four stereoisomers that were prepared by separation from two mixtures of diastereoisomers. A new route to (5R,7R)-1 starting from (S)-propylene oxide was developed utilizing the S_N2 reaction of an optically active secondary tosylate and the Jacobsen hydrolytic kinetic resolution of an epoxide intermediate as key steps. Enantioselective HPLC analysis of the product and the antipode synthesized from (R)-propylene oxide confirmed their high enantiomeric excess (> 99 %). Using this stereospecific synthesis, six analogues with the same configuration as (5R,7R)-1 but with different alkyl chain(s) connected to the stereogenic centers were prepared in order to obtain GC/MS data and to examine the ability of M. calamina males to discriminate between them. The mass spectra of the synthetic analogues revealed characteristic fragment ions derived by cleavage around the methyl group in addition to that at the hydroxyl group. In field trapping tests, five out of the six compounds were attractive to male M. calamina moths, indicating that the males distinguished the configurations of methyl and hydroxyl groups but were less able to perceive differences in the lengths of the two alkyl chains in the pheromone.     

马北区块CO_2吞吐开发技术研究与应用

通过对比CO2吞吐适用条件,证实了三塘湖油田马北区块CO2吞吐是可行的。在此基础上,根据试验分析和数值模拟结果对马北区块CO2吞吐方案进行了优化设计,并对现场实施情况进行了效果分析,提出了下步改进吞吐效果的建议。     

Continuous wave and passively Q-switched Nd:Lu0.15- Y0.85VO4 laser with 885 nm direct pumping

The 885 nm direct pumping directly into the 4F3/2 emitting level of Nd3+ is applied on an Nd:Lu0.15Y0.85VO4 crystal. The maximum output power of 2.8 W for continuous wave (CW) operation is obtained. For Q-switched operation, the maximum average output power is 1.2 W with pulse repetition of 23.69 kHz and pulse width of 35 ns at the pump power of 27.9 W. The high-quality fundamental transverse mode can be observed owing to the reduction of thermal effect for Nd:Lu0.15Y0.85VO4 crystal by 885 nm direct pumping.     

具有TTS功能的同步朗读系统

语青合成(Text-to-speech)技术在近年来不断进步,已经逐渐从桌面软件走向芯片级应用.本文结合了人们对朗读设备的需要以及新型的TTS语音合成技术,设计了一款朗读同步显示系统.     

A fast convergence fourth-order Vlasov model for Hall thruster ionization oscillation analyses

A 1D1V hybrid Vlasov-fluid model was developed for this study to elucidate discharge current oscillations of Hall thrusters (HTs). The Vlasov equation for ions velocity distribution function with ionization source term is solved using a constrained interpolation profile conservative semi-Lagrangian method. The fourth-order weighted essentially non-oscillatory (4th WENO) limiter is applied to the first derivative value to minimize numerical oscillation in the discharge oscillation analyses. The fourth-order accuracy is verified through a 1D scalar test case. Nonoscillatory and high-resolution features of the Vlasov model are confirmed by simulating the test cases of the Vlasov–Poisson system and by comparing the results with a particle-in-cell (PIC) method. A 1D1V HT simulation is performed through the hybrid Vlasov model. The ionization oscillation is analyzed. The oscillation amplitude and plasma density are compared with those obtained from a hybrid PIC method. The comparison indicates that the hybrid Vlasov-fluid model yields noiseless results and that the steady-state waveform is calculable in a short time period.     

Historical development and the present status of Japanese dams

Dams have contributed to population growth and technological innovation by reducing the risk of flooding and allowing humans to cultivate productive alluvial soils on river floodplains. However, in countries where many dams have already been constructed, many problems have been observed, such as river environment degradation, aging of the embankments, and inadequate dam performance. As the social and natural environment surrounding dams is becoming more complex and diverse, it is necessary to understand the current overall status of dams and the history of their construction such that we may consider how social capital and dams are related to human society and the natural environment. In this study, the relationship of basic information of dams and the social background in which the dams exist was examined for Japan, where dam construction began in earnest in the late 1800s and became a driving force for economic development. The situations surrounding dams are drastically changing, as maintenance and management costs increase due to the aging of dams and water demand varies due to changes in the industrial structure of a region. Simultaneously, there are instances where dams are expected to reduce damage, such as in the presence of more severe and frequent droughts and floods caused by climate change. It is therefore necessary to remove or restructure dams while considering numerous complex and diverse factors, such as the local social conditions, potential future changes, and environmental impact of rivers.     

Identification and Analysis of the Biosynthetic Gene Cluster for the Indolizidine Alkaloid Iminimycin in Streptomyces griseus

Indolizidine alkaloids, which have versatile bioactivities, are produced by various organisms. Although the biosynthesis of some indolizidine alkaloids has been studied, the enzymatic machinery for their biosynthesis in Streptomyces remains elusive. Here, we report the identification and analysis of the biosynthetic gene cluster for iminimycin, an indolizidine alkaloid with a 6-5-3 tricyclic system containing an iminium cation from Streptomyces griseus. The gene cluster has 22 genes, including four genes encoding polyketide synthases (PKSs), which consist of eight modules in total. In vitro analysis of the first module revealed that its acyltransferase domain selects malonyl-CoA, although predicted to select methylmalonyl-CoA. Inactivation of seven tailoring enzyme-encoding genes and structural elucidation of four compounds accumulated in mutants provided important insights into iminimycin biosynthesis, although some of these compounds appeared to be shunt products. This study expands our knowledge of the biosynthetic machinery of indolizidine alkaloids and the enzymatic chemistry of PKS.