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991.
Boosting the Charge Transport Property of Indeno[1,2‐b]fluorene‐6,12‐dione though Incorporation of Sulfur‐ or Nitrogen‐Linked Side Chains 下载免费PDF全文
Zhi‐Ping Fan Xiang‐Yang Li Xiao‐E. Luo Xian Fei Bing Sun Li‐Chuan Chen Zi‐Fa Shi Chun‐Lin Sun Xiangfeng Shao Hao‐Li Zhang 《Advanced functional materials》2017,27(45)
Alkyl chains are basic units in the design of organic semiconductors for purposes of enhancing solubility, tuning electronic energy levels, and tailoring molecular packing. This work demonstrates that the carrier mobilities of indeno[1,2‐b ]fluorene‐6,12‐dione ( IFD )‐based semiconductors can be dramatically enhanced by the incorporation of sulfur‐ or nitrogen‐linked side chains. Three IFD derivatives possessing butyl, butylthio, and dibutylamino substituents are synthesized, and their organic field‐effect transistors (OFET) are fabricated and characterized. The IFD possessing butyl substituents exhibits a very poor charge transport property with mobility lower than 10?7 cm2 V?1 s?1. In contrast, the hole mobility is dramatically increased to 1.03 cm2 V?1 s?1 by replacing the butyl units with dibutylamino groups ( DBA‐IFD ), while the butylthio‐modified IFD ( BT‐IFD ) derivative exhibits a high and balanced ambipolar charge transport property with the maximum hole and electron mobilities up to 0.71 and 0.65 cm2 V?1 s?1, respectively. Moreover, the complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor‐like inverters incorporated with the ambipolar OFETs shows sharp inversions with a maximum gain value up to 173. This work reveals that modification of the aromatic core with heteroatom‐linked side chains, such as alkylthio or dialkylamino, can be an efficient strategy for the design of high‐performance organic semiconductors. 相似文献
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用1553nm飞秒光纤激光器触发半绝缘GaAs光电导开关的实验表明,当光电导开关处于3.33~10.3kV/cm的直流偏置电场并被脉冲宽度200fs且单脉冲能量0.2nJ的激光脉冲照射时,开关表现为线性工作模式,开关输出峰值电压为0.8mV.分析表明,开关对波长为1553nm触发激光脉冲表现出的弱光电导现象起因于半绝缘GaAs材料EL2深能级的作用. 相似文献
995.
Efficient and Stable Bifunctional Electrocatalysts Ni/NixMy (M = P,S) for Overall Water Splitting 下载免费PDF全文
Gao‐Feng Chen Tian Yi Ma Zhao‐Qing Liu Nan Li Yu‐Zhi Su Kenneth Davey Shi‐Zhang Qiao 《Advanced functional materials》2016,26(19):3314-3323
Development of easy‐to‐make, highly active, and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting is important for future renewable energy systems. Three‐dimension (3D) porous Ni/Ni8P3 and Ni/Ni9S8 electrodes are prepared by sequential treatment of commercial Ni‐foam with acid activation, followed by phosphorization or sulfurization. The resultant materials can act as self‐supported bifunctional electrocatalytic electrodes for direct water splitting with excellent activity toward oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline media. Stable performance can be maintained for at least 24 h, illustrating their versatile and practical nature for clean energy generation. Furthermore, an advanced water electrolyzer through exploiting Ni/Ni8P3 as both anode and cathode is fabricated, which requires a cell voltage of 1.61 V to deliver a 10 mA cm?2 water splitting current density in 1.0 m KOH solution. This performance is significantly better than that of the noble metal benchmark—integrated Ni/IrO2 and Ni/Pt–C electrodes. Therefore, these bifunctional electrodes have significant potential for realistic large‐scale production of hydrogen as a replacement clean fuel to polluting and limited fossil‐fuels. 相似文献
996.
Design and analysis of separate-absorption-transport-charge-multiplication traveling-wave avalanche photodetectors 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jin-Wei Shi Yin-Hsin Liu Chee-Wee Liu 《Lightwave Technology, Journal of》2004,22(6):1583-1590
This paper proposes a novel type of avalanche photodiode-the separate-absorption-transport-charge-multiplication (SATCM) avalanche photodiode (APD). The novel design of photoabsorption and multiplication layers of APDs can avoid the photoabsorption layer breakdown and hole-transport problems, exhibit low operation voltage, and achieve ultra-high-gain bandwidth product performances. To achieve low excess noise and ultra-high-speed performance in the fiber communication regime (1.3/spl sim/1.55 /spl mu/m), the simulated APD is Si-based with an SiGe-Si superlattice (SL) as the photoabsorption layer and traveling-wave geometric structures. The frequency response is simulated by means of a photo-distributed current model, which includes all the bandwidth-limiting factors, such as the dispersion of microwave propagation loss, velocity mismatch, boundary reflection, and multiplication/transport of photogenerated carriers. By properly choosing the thicknesses of the transport and multiplication layers, microwave propagation effects in the traveling-wave structure can be minimized without increasing the operation voltage significantly. A near 30-Gb/s electrical bandwidth and 10/spl times/ avalanche gain can be achieved simultaneously, even with a long device absorption length (150 /spl mu/m) and low operation voltage (/spl sim/12 V). In addition, the ultrahigh output saturation power bandwidth product of this simulated TWAPD structure can also be expected due to the large photoabsorption volume and superior microwave-guiding structure. 相似文献
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998.
提出一种在光纤水听器时分复用系统中以3×3耦合器作为匹配干涉仪的光强补偿方案,光纤水听器仍为2×2耦合器结构。该方案以时分复用中的非干涉脉冲作参考光强,通过对3×3耦合器两路输出进行简单数学运算并结合数字反正切技术实现信号解调,光强波动和耦合器分光比变化导致的信号畸变得到有效抑制。算法不需要载波调制,可实现光纤水听器近似等臂干涉,有利于降低系统相位噪声。算法的运算量小且适用于一般的非对称3×3耦合器,解调动态范围大。利用该方案实现了8路光纤水听器时分复用实验系统,在光功率变化约10%时,光强补偿方法可将总谐波失真平均值降低30dB,系统噪声本底在信号频率为1kHz时小于30μrad/Hz1/2。 相似文献
999.
中、大型UPS系统中蓄电池为交流不间断供电提供了能源保证。对蓄电池组进行监测管理与合理配置容量,有利于延长其寿命,保证UPS系统稳定、安全运行。本文论述了UPS系统的蓄电池监测管理的几个方面,以及蓄电池容量的合理配置计算。 相似文献
1000.
Haitong Sun Zhihua Shi Chunming Zhao Manton J.H. Zhi Ding 《Communications, IEEE Transactions on》2008,56(5):818-827
This work investigates the design of linear precoders for ARQ packet retransmissions in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. We consider transmitter precoder design based on partial MIMO channel information in the form of their covariance feedback. Our objective is to maximize the ergodic mutual information provided by multiple (re)transmissions of a packet subject to transmission power constraint. We propose a set of near-optimal successive linear ARQ precoders for flat fading MIMO channels. This progressive linear ARQ precoder combines the appropriate power loading and the reverse-order pairing of singular values in the current retransmission with previous transmissions. This reverse-order pairing is a special feature unique to our sequential ARQ preceding approach with demonstrated performance gains. 相似文献