GF增强PA6复合材料的力学与摩擦性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备玻璃纤维(GF)增强尼龙(PA)6复合材料,研究了GF含量对PA6/GF复合材料力学性能和摩擦性能的影响,并利用扫描电子显微镜对复合材料的磨损机理进行分析.结果表明,GF显著影响复合材料的力学性能和摩擦性能,GF质量分数为15%时增强效果较好,PA6/GF复合材料的缺口冲击强度比纯PA6提高5倍,摩擦因数降低43%,磨损量减少33%.GF含量较低时,PA6/GF复合材料的磨损以磨粒磨损和粘着磨损为主,含量较高时则主要表现为磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损.     

潜在的细菌纤维素/明胶支架材料的制备

实验在pH 1.0,温度40℃,避光条件下,通过高碘酸钠对细菌纤维素（BC）进行氧化,制得双醛细菌纤维素（DHBC）。然后在温度50℃,pH 6.0,DHBC与不同用量的明胶溶液进行作用制得双醛细菌纤维素/明胶（DB-G）3种复合材料（DB-G5,DB-G10,DB-G15）。通过FTIR谱图分析,DB-G中的CO的伸缩振动吸收峰（1 740 cm^-1）消失了,相应地在1 600~1 680 cm^-1和1 500~1 550 cm^-1出现了典型的酰胺Ⅰ的v（CO）和酰胺Ⅱ v（N-H）的红外吸收峰,随着明胶比例增加,吸收峰变宽并发生部分紫移。根据模拟体液（SBF）降解测试结果,DHBC及DB-G表现出了良好的可降解性,降解周期为60~90 d。利用比表面积与孔径分布及SEM的测试分析,DB-G5、DB-G10、DB-G15的孔径变化呈现出了不断减小的趋势。通过TG/DTG的热解温度测试结果,与BC相比,DHBC热解温度迅速降低,最大失重温度（T_max）下降80.1℃。然而与明胶发生交联后,热分解稳定性得到明显提高,DB-G的T_max均大于340℃,但DB-G10和DB-G15的T_max却不足2℃。抗张强度测试表现出类似的情形,与DB-G10相比,DB-G15没有随着明胶用量的进一步提高。综合分析认为,m（DHBC）：m（明胶）以1：10最为合适,即DB-G10可作为一种潜在的组织工程支架材料。     

模拟工业-海岸大气中pH值对Q235B钢腐蚀行为的影响

采用干/湿交替腐蚀增重模拟实验、XRD以及EIS等方法,研究了模拟工业-海岸大气中p H值变化对Q235B钢腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明,当SO2浓度较低时,p H值变化对Q235B钢腐蚀速率的影响不明显;当SO2浓度较高时,p H值变化对Q235B钢腐蚀速率的影响存在极值现象,即:当p H值处于"较高"和"较低"之间某一值时,Q235B钢的腐蚀速率达到极大值.当模拟工业-海岸大气中SO2浓度一定时,p H值变化对Q235B钢表面锈层相组成的影响不明显.分析表明,模拟工业-海岸大气环境中SO2的存在一定程度上抑制了b-Fe OOH的形成.随着SO2浓度的升高,锈层中b-Fe OOH和g-Fe OOH的相对含量在减少,g-Fe OOH可能发生了向Fe3O4的还原或向a-Fe OOH的相变转化.随着腐蚀时间的延长,锈层相组成的演化呈现出相似的规律.此外,当模拟工业-海岸大气中SO2浓度较低时,Q235B钢腐蚀主要遵循Cl-的循环机制,改变p H值对钢腐蚀行为的影响不明显;SO2浓度较高时,Q235B钢腐蚀初期主要遵循Cl-的循环机制,随着腐蚀时间的延长,SO2对腐蚀的影响逐渐显著,并以H2SO4再生循环的方式加速钢的腐蚀.     

关联规则挖掘在大学生心理健康测评系统中的应用研究

为深入了解影响大学生心理健康的主要因素以及心理症状之间的关联关系,将关联规则挖掘应用于大学生心理健康测评数据。先对原始数据进行预处理,再以Clementine 12.0为平台,建立大学生心理多维关联规则挖掘模型;以福建省某高校2011级的学生心理测试数据为基础,应用构建的模型分析了性别、独生子女、来源地、学生干部、家庭结构、家庭月收入6个属性和大学生九维心理症状间的关联关系。根据挖掘结果可以更深入地了解学生心理健康问题,为高校开展大学生心理健康教育的规划、决策提供依据。     

Uniaxial time‐dependent ratcheting behavior of bronze powder filled polytetrafluoroethylene at room and high temperature

A series of tensile and ratcheting experiments for cold compaction polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and bronze filled PTFE (PTFE/bronze) were conducted with Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (DMA‐Q800) at room and high temperature (473 K). The effects of peak stress‐holding time, creep, recovery, mean stress history, stress‐rate history, and pretension on the ratcheting behavior of PTFE/bronze were investigated. It is found that longer peak stress‐holding time leads to larger ratcheting strain accumulation. In the meantime, the ratcheting strain accumulates more rapidly at high temperature and the influence of temperature is more obvious than that of the additive fraction of bronze. Creep strain produced during the uploading and the stress‐holding time only partially recovers in the unloading process. Moreover, prior lower stress rate enhances the deformation resistance and restrains the ratcheting of subsequent cycling at higher stress rate. The ratcheting strain in the subsequent cyclic loading at lower mean stress is also restrained by previous cyclic loading at higher mean stress. Finally, the elastic modulus increases and the ratcheting strain is restrained apparently after the pretension. In addition, the elastic modulus and ratcheting strain of the PTFE/bronze with both pretension and recovery are smaller than those with pretension but without recovery. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:1571–1578, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Aβ-40 Y10F Increases βfibrils Formation but Attenuates the Neurotoxicity of Amyloid-β Peptide

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the abnormal aggregation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) in extracellular deposits known as senile plaques. The tyrosine residue (Tyr-10) is believed to be important in Aβ-induced neurotoxicity due to the formation of tyrosyl radicals. To reduce the likelihood of cross-linking, here we designed an Aβ-40 analogue (Aβ-40 Y10F) in which the tyrosine residue was substituted by a structurally similar residue, phenylalanine. The aggregation rate was determined by the Thioflavin T (ThT) assay, in which Aβ-40 Y10F populated an ensemble of folded conformations much quicker and stronger than the wild type Aβ. Biophysical tests subsequently confirmed the results of the ThT assay, suggesting the measured increase of β-aggregation may arise predominantly from enhancement of hydrophobicity upon substitution and thus the propensity of intrinsic β-sheet formation. Nevertheless, Aβ-40 Y10F exhibited remarkably decreased neurotoxicity compared to Aβ-40 which could be partly due to the reduced generation of hydrogen peroxide. These findings may lead to further understanding of the structural perturbation of Aβ to its fibrillation.     

A Set of Novel Microsatellite Markers Developed for Luculia yunnanensis (Rubiaceae), an Endangered Plant Endemic to Yunnan, China

The genus Luculia Sweet contains about five species of small trees or shrubs and is a member of the family Rubiaceae (tribe Cinchoneae). Luculia yunnanensis is an endangered ornamental shrub endemic to southwest China. Only two natural populations of L. yunnanensis exist in the wild according to our field investigation. It can be inferred that L. yunnanensis is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild and an urgent conservation strategy is required. By using a modified biotin-sterptavidin capture method, 24 primer sets were identified in two wild populations. Of these primers, 11 displayed polymorphisms and 13 were monomorphic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to four, values for observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.000 to 0.833 and from 0.431 to 0.771, with averages of 0.389 and 0.614, respectively. These markers will be useful for further investigation of conservation of resources, selecting parental types in cross-breeding, evolution of this species at the molecular level and related research in Luculia species.     

Effect of Ca-compound on low temperature synthesis of AIN ultrafine powders by carbothermal reduction nitride route from sol-gel precursor

以硝酸铝、葡萄糖和硝酸钙为原料,通过溶胶-凝胶工艺获得了组分均匀的Al2 O3、C和CaO前驱体,进而利用碳热还原反应合成超细氮化铝粉体,探讨了钙助剂对氮化铝合成温度及粉体颗粒生长的影响规律.结果表明:钙助剂的添加,通过与前驱体中氧化铝在较低温度下发生反应,先后生成CaAl4 O7、Ca3 Al10O18、CaAl2 O4和Ca12Al14O33等铝酸钙相;上述铝酸钙相能在较低温度下形成液相,可有效促进氮化铝的合成和粉体颗粒的生长,从而在1400℃合成纯相氮化铝.当原料中钙铝摩尔比为0.0262时,在1350℃氮化得到了粒径60～80 nm的氮化铝粉体,仅有少量铝酸钙相存在;当氮化温度上升至1400℃时,铝酸钙相因挥发而消失,得到粒径100～180 nm的单相氮化铝粉体.     

苇浆回用性能的研究

本文研究了漂白硫酸盐苇浆在反复回用过程中物理化学性能的变化规律。试验表明，随着回用次数增加，聚戊糖含量、保水值、纸页紧度、抗张与耐破强度、耐折度逐渐降低，且对原浆打浆有较大的下降趋势；平均聚会度、相对结晶指数与散射系数具有增加的总趋势；纤维平均长度由于细小级分流失有所增加；零距裂断长变化较小。打过浆与未打浆苇浆在回用过程中抗张指数与紧度均成对数直线关系，其斜率分别为2．481和2.09。     

热熔胶用马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯研究进展

通过双螺杆挤出机将马来酸酐熔融接枝聚乙烯,制备的聚乙烯热熔胶具有粘接性能强、价格低等优点,广泛地应用于钢塑复合管。本文根据近年来聚乙烯热熔胶的研究方向,综述了新型引发剂及引发方式对接枝反应的影响;比较了不同种类聚乙烯接枝效果的差异;总结了改性单体对热熔胶性能的改善以及温度、挤出机螺杆结构和转速等工艺条件对聚乙烯热熔胶的影响。分别总结了化学滴定法和红外光谱法对接枝率的表征;简述了材料表面处理和涂胶工艺对剥离强度的影响。分析了热熔胶剥离强度传统制样方法的不足,并总结了能得到稳定真实剥离强度的制样方案。展望了低马来酸酐含量、高粘接强度的绿色环保型聚乙烯热熔胶的研究前景。