储层预测技术寻找优势储层分布区

在低孔渗储层中寻找优势储层(即\"甜点\")发育区是目前勘探的一个重要方向。在研究区特定沉积背景基础上,通过对多种地球物理技术的适应性分析,选定出适用于低孔渗储层预测的技术系列,并通过具体实例的应用效果展示,证明了在研究区域寻找\"甜点\"分布的可行性的技术系列,为今后在研究区预测优势油气区探索了一条技术路径。     

基于自抗扰控制技术的MMC环流抑制器

模块化多电平换流器（modular multilevel converter, MMC）是一种新型的电压源换流器,已经成功应用于高压直流输电领域,发展前景广阔,然而桥臂环流的存在影响了MMC的工作特性和损耗,对环流进行抑制是MMC工程应用必须解决的问题。考虑到系统非线性、鲁棒性和动态性能的要求,引进自抗扰控制（active disturbance rejection control, ADRC）技术,基于自抗扰控制技术设计了一种MMC环流抑制器（circulating current suppressing controller, CCSC）,所设计环流抑制器对MMC的环流详细模型依赖小,并具有优异的适应性和鲁棒性。最后通过在PSCAD/EMTDC环境下建立的两端MMC系统,仿真验证了所提出的环流抑制器的有效性。     

数字化TIG逆变焊机两种典型抗干扰设计

分析了数字化TIG逆变焊机中手柄开关和电弧电压检测两种信号传输过程中干扰的来源及其对焊机性能的影响,并针对这两种信号设计了有效的抗干扰传输电路。在手柄开关信号传输电路中,采用了下降特性的脉冲变压器以保证工作信号的传输和干扰信号的隔离;在电弧电压检测电路中采用电感电容（IJC）滤波器和线性光耦来抑制干扰并保证采集到的电弧电压的真实性。试验表明,所设计的两种电路简单可靠,实现容易,能有效抑制噪声干扰,在提高控制电路抗干扰性能方面发挥了重要作用。     

气敏传感器线性化电路的设计

报导了一种利用乘方电路实现气敏传感器非线性特性的线性化补偿的原理,电路及其实验结果,该电路具有测量范围宽,线性精度较高等特点。     

华能上安电厂4号发电机氢纯度偏低问题的分析

针对华能上安电厂4号发电机氢纯度偏低的问题,分析了发电机氢纯度偏低的危害和影响发电机氢纯度的因素,并提出相应的解决办法。     

Investigation of rolling contact fatigue cracks in ball bearings

Rolling contact fatigue in a ball bearing is studied using the experimental method. Fatigue pits and spallings on the rolling surface are investigated, and the strain-hardening beneath the contact surface is studied using the microhardness profile. Moreover, surface and subsurface crack layouts and the effect of inclusions on crack nucleation are studied by optical and electron microscopy. Additionally, a simulated model is used to study the influences of the crack inclined angle and the inclusion’s hardness on fatigue damage in bearings.     

Hepatic autophagy and mitophagy status in dairy cows with subclinical and clinical ketosis

Severe negative energy balance around parturition is an important contributor to ketosis, a metabolic disorder that occurs most frequently in the peripartal period. Autophagy and mitophagy are important processes responsible for breaking down useless or toxic cellular material, and in particular damaged mitochondria. However, the role of autophagy and mitophagy during the occurrence and development of ketosis is unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate autophagy and mitophagy in the livers of cows with subclinical ketosis (SCK) and clinical ketosis (CK). We assessed autophagy by measuring the protein abundance of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II (LC3-II; encoded by MAP1LC3) and sequestosome-1 (p62, encoded by SQSTM1), as well as the mRNA abundance of autophagy-related genes 5 (ATG5), 7 (ATG7), and 12 (ATG12), beclin1 (BECN1), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 (PIK3C3). Mitophagy was evaluated by measuring the protein abundance of the mitophagy upstream regulators PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and Parkin. Liver and blood samples were collected from healthy cows [n = 15; blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentration <1.2 mM], cows with SCK (n = 15; blood BHB concentration 1.2 to 3.0 mM) and cows with CK (n = 15; blood BHB concentration >3.0 mM with clinical signs) with similar lactation numbers (median = 3, range = 2 to 4) and days in milk (median = 6, range = 3 to 9). The serum activity of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase was greater in cows with CK than in healthy cows. Levels of oxidative stress biomarkers malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide were also higher in liver tissue from ketotic cows (SCK and CK) than from healthy cows. Compared with cows with CK and healthy cows, the hepatic mRNA abundance of MAP1LC3, SQSTM1, ATG5, ATG7, ATG12, and PIK3C3 was upregulated in cows with SCK. Compared with healthy cows, cows with SCK had a lower abundance of p62 and a greater abundance of LC3-II, but levels of both were higher in cows with CK. The mRNA abundance of ATG12 was lower in cows with CK than in healthy cows. Furthermore, the hepatic protein abundance of PINK1 and Parkin was greater in cows with SCK and slightly lower in cows with CK than in healthy cows. These data demonstrated differences in the hepatic activities of autophagy and mitophagy in cows with SCK compared with cows with CK. Although the precise mechanisms for these differences could not be discerned, autophagy and mitophagy seem to be involved in ketosis.     

正弦波形填料基底上液膜的研究及热经济性分析

为研究正弦波形填料基底上液膜的流动、传热特性及不同结构该基底的冷却效果对电厂热经济性的影响,通过建立合理的物理模型,运用Fluent软件对不同振幅、波长和倾斜角度条件下正弦波形填料基底上的冷却液膜进行了数值模拟.以数值模拟的出口水温为计算依据,通过热力计算分析了不同正弦波基底结构对全厂热经济性指标的影响.结果表明:倾斜角度、振幅不变时,随着波长的增加,基底上液膜的厚度变薄,出口水温升高;波长、振幅不变时,倾斜角度的增大使得基底上液膜的厚度增加,出口水温降低;倾斜角度、波长不变时,随着振幅的增大,基底上液膜的厚度变厚,出口水温降低.     

退火对冶金法太阳能级多晶硅中缺陷影响的研究

研究了不同条件下退火对冶金法太阳能级多晶硅锭不同部位的位错、晶界及择优生长取向的影响。利用金相显微镜,电子背散射衍射和X射线衍射仪分别对退火前后多晶硅锭的位错、晶界和择优生长取向的变化规律进行表征,结果表明:退火前后多晶硅中的位错密度大小始终是中部<底部<顶部。1100℃下随着保温时间的延长,多晶硅中的位错密度逐渐减小,到5.0h后达到回复的极限程度;小角度晶界比例不断减小,直至消失;大角度晶界中R型晶界比例先增加后减小,CSL晶界比例缓慢增加,孪晶晶界Σ3比例呈稳定地增加,到退火5.0h后,其比例约占30%;主峰〈111〉织构峰强一直增加,〈311〉织构峰强则是逐渐减小至零,而〈511〉、〈531〉、〈620〉织构强度则是先减小、后增大、最后再减小,退火保温5.0h后择优生长取向达到高度一致。另外,还得到了不同温度下的极限回复程度。