5G价值面,BSS/OSS融合的下一站

随着移动通信与互联网技术的发展,传统通信业务已由单一的语音通信,发展为多元化、个性化的融合信息服务,通信产业价值链结构从以运营商为中心的模式向以用户体验为中心的模式转变。互联网与内容提供商以“内容驱动”为理念,灵活快速地迭代产品并响应用户需求,市场份额快速提升,这导致运营商在产业价值链中逐渐被“管道化”。在数字化转型过程中,运营商通过重构、抽象5G网络功能,实现了网络按需编排、灵活适配和快速部署的能力,并基于业务支撑系统（business support system,BSS）/运营支撑系统（operation support system,OSS）(BO)融合与以用户为中心的运营模式增强用户体验,以期实现在产业价值链中地位和价值的提升。在回顾通信产业价值链发展的基础上,分析了运营商价值提升所面临的挑战,提出了一种基于5G网络嵌入式服务的5G价值面体系架构,给出了典型应用场景,并为运营商5G价值面的演进提供了路径建议,助力运营商驶向BO融合的下一站。     

智能温控系统设计

智能温控系统是当下发展较为迅速的一个方向,在各类货物的室内存储中,各类货物对于温度、湿度、光照等环境因素都有着各自不同的要求.因此对于温控系统而言,室内环境的检测,控制极为重要.本系统以STM32F103ZET作为核心控制器,小型直流电机等基本外部设备.并且使用轻量级嵌入式操作系统FREERTOS进行任务调度.该操作系...     

基于改进YOLOv5的复杂背景红外弱小目标检测算法

针对传统算法依赖于对红外目标与环境背景的精确分离和信息提取,难以满足复杂背景和噪声等干扰因素下的检测需求。论文提出一种基于改进YOLOv5（You Only Look Once）的复杂背景红外弱小目标检测算法。该算法在YOLOv5基础上,添加注意力机制提高算法的特征提取能力和检测效率,同时改进原YOLOv5目标检测网络的损失函数和预测框的筛选方式提高算法对红外弱小目标检测的准确率。实验选取了来自不同复杂背景的7组红外弱小目标数据集,将这些图像数据集进行标注并训练,得到红外弱小目标检测模型,然后从模型训练结果和目标检测结果的角度评估算法和模型的正确性。实验结果表明:改进的YOLOv5算法训练出来的模型,检测准确性和检测速度对比实验列出的几种目标检测算法均有明显的提升,平均精度均值（mean Average Precision,mAP）可达99.6%以上,在不同复杂背景下均可有效检测出红外弱小目标,且漏警率、虚警率低。     

基于非均匀采样系统的无模型自适应控制

针对输入非均匀刷新和输出周期性采样的非线性系统难以控制的问题,采用数据驱动策略,提出一种新的无模型自适应控制方法。首先,使用跟踪-微分器对系统输出数据进行滤波,进而利用该输入输出数据在等价动态平衡点处建立动态化模型,设计了无模型自适应控制器;其次,利用最速下降法对控制律和伪雅可比矩阵(PJM)估计中的惩罚系数进行迭代优化,并对该控制方法稳定性进行分析,该控制方法的优点是减少扰动误差的影响,提高了参数优化能力;最后,通过仿真非均匀采样离散时间非线性系统的实例验证了所提方法的有效性。     

光纤光栅在金属锈蚀传感中的应用

介绍了一种基于光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)应变敏感特性的金属锈蚀传感器。该器件由光纤光栅、有预应力的钢弹簧和一些机械部件组合而成。组合后的弹簧处于压缩状态。在弹簧弹力的作用下,光纤光栅的峰值波长增长了3.2 nm。对该器件进行了加速腐蚀实验:将其放入盐酸环境中,逐日监测光纤光栅峰值波长的变化,发现峰值波长逐渐缩短,说明弹簧的弹性系数随着弹簧的锈蚀而逐渐减小。到弹簧锈蚀断裂,整个锈蚀过程持续了1315 h,平均锈蚀速率约5μm/d。实验表明了该传感器在实际应用中的可能性。同时讨论了光纤光栅的温度效应及其他影响其实用性的因素。     

Hydrothermal synthesis of SnO2 nanocorals,nanofragments and nanograss and their formaldehyde gas-sensing properties

Morphology plays an important role in the properties of nanomaterials. We successfully synthesized three new SnO₂ morphologies, nanocorals, nanofragments and nanograss, via a simple hydrothermal method with surfactant additives. The final products were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. We found that the surfactants played a critical role in the synthesis of different SnO₂ nanostructures. In particular, when poly(ethylene glycol) was added as a surfactant, a unique grass-like structure was obtained. The mechanism of formation for this novel structure is discussed. The gas-sensing performance of all the products was investigated. The results show that the nanograss morphology had a superior gas response to formaldehyde than the other morphologies.     

Donor–acceptor copolymers incorporating polybenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene and tetrazine for high open circuit voltage polymer solar cells

Two new low band gap conjugated polymers containing a benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene donor unit and a tetrazine acceptor unit were synthesized by Stille cross-coupling polymerization. The structural and thermal properties of copolymers were characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that the donor–acceptor copolymers thus developed have good thermal stability with decomposition temperature of 294 °C and 305 °C. Cyclic voltammetric study revealed that the copolymers possess a deep-lying highest occupied molecular orbital energy level, which is desired for high open circuit voltage polymer solar cells (PSCs) and is also favorable for stable device operation in air. Bulk-heterojunction PSCs based on blend of low band gap copolymers: [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester on indium tin oxide/glass substrates were fabricated. This work yielded a promising power conversion efficiency of >5.0%, with a high open circuit voltage of ～1.0 V, measured under air mass 1.5 global irradiation of 100 mW/cm².     

声表面波气体传感器研究进展

从机理模型构建、物理功能结构优化两方面出发对覆盖聚合物敏感膜的高性能声表面波(SAW)气体传感器技术进行了研究和探讨.实验研制了一种以具有高频率稳定性的声表面波延迟线型振荡器为传感元,结合六氟异丙醇基聚硅氧烷敏感膜的SAW传感器,开展了针对DMMP的检测实验,检测下限与检测灵敏度分别达到了0.04 mg/m3和485 Hz/mg/m3.     

InxGa1-xN合金薄膜In的表面分凝现象

用MOCVD方法在α-Al2O3(0001)衬底上外延生长了InxGa1-xN合金薄膜.测量结果显示:所制备的InxGa1-xN样品中In的组分随外延生长温度而改变,生长温度由620℃升高到740℃,In的组分由0.72降低到0.27.这是由于衬底温度越高,In进入InxGa1-xN薄膜而成键的效率越低.样品的X射线衍射谱和X射线光电子能谱均显示:在生长温度为620℃和690℃时所生长的InxGa1-xN样品中均存在明显的In的表面分凝现象;而生长温度升至740℃时所得到的InxGa1-xN样品中,In的表面分凝现象得到了有效抑制.保持生长温度不变而将反应气体的Ⅴ/Ⅲ比从14000增加到38000,In的表面分凝现象也明显减弱.由此可以认为,较高的生长温度使得In原子的表面迁移能力增强,In原子从InxGa1-xN表面解吸附的几率增大,而较高的Ⅴ/Ⅲ比则能增加N与In成键几率,从而有利于抑制In的表面分凝.     

Fluorene‐Based Asymmetric Bipolar Universal Hosts for White Organic Light Emitting Devices

Two new bipolar host molecules composed of hole‐transporting carbazole and electron‐transporting cyano ( CzFCN ) or oxadiazole ( CzFOxa )‐substituted fluorenes are synthesized and characterized. The non‐conjugated connections, via an sp³‐hybridized carbon, effectively block the electronic interactions between electron‐donating and ‐accepting moieties, giving CzFCN and CzFOxa bipolar charge transport features with balanced mobilities (10^?5 to 10^?6 cm² V^?1 s^?1). The meta–meta configuration of the fluorene‐based acceptors allows the bipolar hosts to retain relatively high triplet energies [E_T = 2.70 eV ( CzFOxa ) and 2. 86 eV ( CzFCN )], which are sufficiently high for hosting blue phosphor. Using a common device structure – ITO/PEDOT:PSS/DTAF/TCTA/host:10% dopants (from blue to red)/DPPS/LiF/Al – highly efficient electrophosphorescent devices are successfully achieved. CzFCN ‐based devices demonstrate better performance characteristics, with maximum η_ext of 15.1%, 17.9%, 17.4%, 18%, and 20% for blue (FIrpic), green [(PPy)₂Ir(acac)], yellowish‐green [m‐(Tpm)₂Ir(acac)], yellow [(Bt)₂Ir(acac)], and red [Os(bpftz)₂(PPhMe₂)₂, OS1], respectively. In addition, combining yellowish‐green m‐(Tpm)₂Ir(acac) with a blue emitter (FIrpic) and a red emitter (OS1) within a single emitting layer hosted by bipolar CzFCN , three‐color electrophosphorescent WOLEDs with high efficiencies (17.3%, 33.4 cd A^?1, 30 lm W ^?1), high color stability, and high color‐rendering index (CRI) of 89.7 can also be realized.