An experimental study of the incipient bed shear stress partition in mobile bed channels filled with emergent rigid vegetation

This paper investigates the bed shear stress based on the condition of the incipient motion of sediment in a uniform-flow flume covered with emergent rigid vegetation,which is represented by arrays of circular cylinders arranged in a regular pattern.A total of 148 tests are performed to observe the influence of the vegetation density,bed slope,flow depth and sediment size on the bed shear stress.The tests reveal that when the sediment is in incipient motion,the resistances acting on the flow passing the rigid vegetation contain the vegetation resistance and the bed shear stress.This shear stress could be divided into two parts:the grain shear stress and the shear stress caused by sand dunes,which are the deformed bedform with the sediment incipient motion.An empirical relationship between the shear stress of the sand dune and vegetation density,the Froude number,the apparent vegetation layer velocity is developed.     

Calculation of alkali silica reaction (ASR) induced expansion before cracking of concrete

A calculation method for predicting the formation of alkali-silica gel and analyzing the relationship of ASR induced expansion and aggregate size was proposed. The complicated chemistry of alkali silica reaction was simplified to be controlled by the diffusion process of chemical ions into reactive aggregates. The transport of chemical ions was described by the Fick’s law. The ASR induced expansion was assumed to be directly related to the volume of produced alkali-silica gel. The finally expansion of a representative volume element (RVE) of concrete was then calculated according to the ratio of volume of alkali-silica gel and RVE. The input parameters of the model contains radius of reactive aggregate, volume fraction of reactive aggregate, initial concentration of chemical ions and porosity of cement paste. The applicability of the model was validated by an experiment of ASR-affected concrete specimens containing glass aggregate. It is shown that the amount of alkali-silica gel and ASR induced expansion can be well predicted. The expansion increasing with the decreasing aggregate size can be reproduced by the proposed model.     

分数阶永磁同步电机的混沌运动及其控制研究

建立永磁同步电机的分数阶数学模型,利用分数阶微积分的数值计算方法,研究了分数阶永磁同步电机的混沌动力学特性。数值结果表明,随着分数阶次的增加,分数阶永磁同步电机系统将经不动点和拟周期态进入混沌运动状态,同量分数阶系统出现混沌运动的最低阶约为2.94。基于分数阶系统的稳定性理论,设计误差线性反馈控制器实现分数阶永磁同步电机混沌运动中不稳定平衡点的稳定控制。仿真结果验证了控制方法的有效性。研究为建立分数阶PMSM系统进一步分析其工程物理特性,以及探寻优良的PMSM控制方法提供了理论参考。     

项目教学法在高职统计实训课程中的应用

统计学是经济管理类专业的专业基础课,但高职院校的统计课程存在着内容多与课时少、实训难与学生兴趣差并存等难题,本文结合实践教学,讨论项目教学法在统计实训课程中的应用,通过项目的引导分解,使学生参与实施具体的统计项目,能够培养学生对统计的学习兴趣,在掌握基本的统计理论和统计分析方法的同时提高自身的技能水平。     

基于含虚拟卖家组合双向拍卖的网格资源管理

考虑到组合双向拍卖与网格资源选择过程存在较高相似性,提出基于组合双向拍卖的网格资源管理方案,建立了具体的包含虚拟卖家的多回合组合双向拍卖机制。在该机制中,采用一种动态报价策略以提高拍卖交易率,同时通过引入虚拟卖家,将竞卖成功者的剩余资源转化为交易剩余,不仅提高了资源利用率,而且扩大了拍卖的交易剩余,从而促进形成良好的经济激励,使更多的网格用户和网格资源加入到网格交易中。     

SHA-3第三轮候选算法简评

SHA-3评选过程即将结束,本文对SHA-3第三轮的5个Hash函数候选算法进行了简要评述。对于各种算法的压缩函数、迭代结构以及安全性能等方面做了分析比较。通过这些比较,可深入理解这些算法的结构特点,掌握它们的安全性能。     

高密度采集噪音特征分析与压制技术研究

高密度采集通过加大空间域、时间域的数据采集密度,很好地记录了资料的噪音特性,便于对其进行压制处理,但这同时也增加了资料的数据量,加大了室内处理难度。对此,本文将根据资料的噪音特性对其进行组合压制,这样既能很大程度地提高资料的信噪比,改善资料品质;同时又能减少数据量,便于室内处理。     

AZ31+Y+Sr镁合金板超塑成形中空洞演化

针对添加了Y和Sr元素双辊连铸连轧(TRC)AZ31镁合金板材气胀成形过程中空洞形成进行了研究,采用了双辊连铸连轧工艺制备出1 mm厚的AZ31和AZ31+Y+Sr板材,并进行了气胀成形实验.通过宏观测量与金相观察对胀形件进行分析,结果表明:连铸连轧工艺能够有效细化晶粒,在同等温度条件下,添加了Y和Sr元素的AZ31板材其超塑性能比普通双辊连铸连轧AZ31板材有显著提高;胀形件顶部比球面的空洞尺寸大、数量多,空洞的形成经过了形核、长大和聚合三个阶段,最终导致材料的断裂.     

V的碳氮化合物析出对36Mn2V非调质钢组织性能的影响

在φ340机组上进行非调质36Mn2V和37Mn5油井管钢工艺试验,对比分析二者组织性能．研究36Mn2V钢中微合金元素V的碳氯化物析出对其组织性能的影响。结果表明。36Mn2V、37Mn5钢可分别用于高钢级N80-1和低钢级J55、K55油井管的生产,36Mn2V非调质钢在高温形变诱导下析出V（C、N）,促进了晶内细小铁素体和珠光体的析出,反之细晶铁素体析出促进了V（C、N）沿y／a界面弥散析出,故而显著改善了36Mn2V非调质钢组织性能。     

5083-H321铝合金板材搅拌摩擦焊缝组织演变

采用搅拌摩擦焊接法焊接了5083-H321铝合金板材,借助光学显微镜、扫描电镜、背散射电子衍射分析仪及取向显微成像分析技术对焊缝与母材的组织进行了对比性研究.结果表明,该合金板材的焊缝无宏观缺陷,焊缝成形区呈现出与母材明显不同的组织特征;搅拌摩擦焊使该合金板材中大量的小角度晶界转化为大角度晶界,母材和焊核区的晶粒尺寸分布范围分别为6-55 μm及15-30 μm,晶粒纵横比分布范围分别为2~8和15-3,焊核区呈现均匀化与等轴化的动态再结晶特征.