基于遗传投影寻踪模型的延安市水资源利用效率分析

水资源是制约延安市社会经济发展的主要瓶颈,提高水资源利用效率对缓解该区域水资源短缺问题十分重要。本文选取万元工业产值用水量等7个指标,构建了水资源利用效率评价体系,建立遗传算法的投影寻踪模型,对用水效率进行分析评价。结果表明:延安市整体水资源利用效率较高,万元工业产值的用水水平为水资源利用效率的主要影响因素,并且根据最佳投影向量各指标提出了改善延安市水资源利用效率的措施。     

瓶坯自动检测计数机的设计及研制

针对某塑料制品厂生产需要,完成对其塑料瓶坯专用设备的设计研制过程。设备通过触摸屏与PLC控制相关机构,实现瓶坯的整理、计数、检验、装箱等一系列功能,具有生产效率高、检验精度高及数量实时显示等特点,实现了生产过程的自动化与智能化控制。     

Evaluation method of cracking resistance of lightweight aggregate concrete

The cracking behavior of lightweight aggregate concrete（LWAC） was investigated by mechanical analysis, SEM and cracking-resistant test where a shrinkage-restrained ring with a clapboard was used. The relationship between the ceramsite type and the cracking resistance of LWAC was built up and compared with that of normal-weight coarse aggregate concrete（NWAC）. A new method was proposed to evaluate the cracking resistance of concrete, where the concepts of cracking coefficient ζt（t） and the evaluation index Acr（t） were proposed, and the development of micro-cracks and damage accumulation were recognized. For the concrete with an ascending cracking coefficient curve, the larger Acr（t） is, the lower cracking resistance of concrete is. For the concrete with a descending cracking coefficient curve, the larger Acr（t） is, the stronger the cracking resistance of concrete is. The evaluation results show that in the case of that all the three types of coarse aggregates in concrete are pre-soaked for 24 h, NWAC has the lowest cracking resistance, followed by the LWAC with lower water absorption capacity ceramsite and the LWAC with higher water absorption capacity ceramsite has the strongest cracking resistance. The proposed method has obvious advantages over the cracking age method, because it can evaluate the cracking behavior of concrete even if the concrete has not an observable crack.     

煤及半焦的XRD结构分析

通过XRD(X射线衍射)对3种单煤以及不同温度半焦的结构进行分析:晋城无烟煤与潞安贫煤在873~1073 K之间温度的半焦性能比较好,而烟煤则在873 K温度左右的半焦性能良好。样品微晶参数的测试结果表明,随着热解温度升高与焦化程度的增加,"煤晶核"BSU的延展度、网面间距、微晶中芳香层单层之间的距离d002、芳香层片平均堆砌厚度Lc、芳香层片的直径La呈现规律性变化。随着热解温度的不断增加,002衍射峰的峰位偏移程度不大,煤的芳香层单层之间的距离d002变化不明显,表示芳香层叠片大小的Lc、La值具有随着加热温度的升高呈先减小后增大的趋势,但是煤热解的三个阶段性特征比较明显。原因是第一阶段随热解温度的升高,碳、氢元素的含量呈先降低后升高;第二阶段芳香族化合物增加与挥发物质的大量逸出;最后阶段中脂肪族化合物、脂环族化合物裂解同时侧链减少,导致煤中大部分物质聚合成稠和度更大的芳环结构,结构渐趋有序化,晶化程度增加。     

高职院校网络实践教学平台搭建的问题与对策

实训实践是高职院校培养高技能应用型人才的根本途径。搭建网络实践教学平台是提升高职学生实践技能的辅助手段,也是解决当前高职院校实训基地缺少、校内实训设备数量有限等问题的理想选择。通过分析目前高职院校网络实践教学平台存在的问题,提出构建符合高职教育特色网络实践教学平台的对策建议。     

Preparation of Y2O3：Eu^3＋ phosphor by molten salt assisted method

A kind of fine and quasi-spherical Y2O3：Eu^3＋ phosphor was prepared by firing a preparative precursor at 1 200 ℃ for 2 h with the molten salts of Na2CO3, S and NaCl. The precursor was obtained by homogeneous precipitation of yttrium and europium with oxalic acid when using EDTA, citric acid or starch as complexant. The structure and morphology of the phosphors were characterized by XRD and SEM, respectively. The influence of complexing environment, firing temperature and molten salts on formation of the phosphor Y2O3：Eu^3＋ was discussed. The result show that the prepared Y2O3：Eu^3＋ phosphor is of quasi-spherical structure with size of 2-3 μm. Its luminescent intensity is 30% higher than that of the same phosphor prepared by the same procedure but without molten salts, and is 5% higher than that of commercial Y2O3：Eu^3＋ red phosphor.     

注射成型立构复合聚乳酸的热变形性能分析

采用左旋聚乳酸（PLLA）和右旋聚乳酸（PDLA）为原料,采用熔融共混法制备了立构复合聚乳酸（SC?PLA）粉末,再通过注射成型制备了SC?PLA样条,并通过差示量热扫描仪（DSC）和热变形温度测定仪对SC?PLA粉末和样条的熔融、结晶情况和热变形性能进行了表征分析。结果表明,SC?PLA粉末的结晶能力与初始熔融状态直接相关;当熔融温度为220~230 ℃时,SC?PLA粉末的熔融稳定时间增加,有助于SC?PLA体系结晶,该温度适合SC?PLA的注射成型加工;SC?PLA样条中SC?PLA结晶度越高,均聚物PLA结晶度越低,越有助于样条热变形性能的提高;低注射温度和以SC?PLA粉末、PLLA、PDLA为原料成型有助于SC?PLA样条在220 ℃下加热再退火后获得较高的SC?PLA结晶度,其热变形温度最高可达到150 ℃以上;注射成型过程中,有利于保留更多SC?PLA晶体和提高SC?PLA结晶度的方式,有助于提高样条在退火后的热变形性能。     

30CrMnSiA钢激光相变硬化层组织

对30CrMnSiA钢进行了激光相变硬化处理，研究了相变层的组织和硬度特征。试验结果表明，30CrMnSiA钢表面相变硬化层分为完全淬硬层、过渡层和受热影响的基体组织，硬化层的显微组织明显细化，其表面层的硬度高达(685～775)HV，比高频淬火的硬度提高了30％。     

Fabrication of ZnO films by radio frequency magnetron sputtering and annealing

ZnO thin films were deposited on Si（111） substrates through a radio frequency （rf） magnetron sputtering system. Then the samples were annealed at different temperatures in air ambience and ammonia ambience respectively. The structure and composition of the ZnO films were studied by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. The morphology of the samples was studied by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Measured results show that ZnO films with hexagonal wurtzite structure were grown on Si（111） substrates when annealed in the two ambiences. The volatilization process of ZnO in the ammonia ambience at high temperature was discussed and the mechanism of the reaction was analyzed.     

DISTRIBUTION OF Mg IN A Ni-BASE SUPERALLOY

研究Mg在一种镍基高温合金中的分布,Mg不仅富集于晶界,并且进入晶界二次碳化物和晶界及晶内γ′相中。