无线传感器网络中的数据融合及其能效评估*

首先介绍当前无线传感器网络中具有代表性的数据融合算法;然后基于树型网络拓扑结构,结合节点休眠调度机制,建立传感器节点的能量模型;最后提出从能量的角度评价不同数据融合算法性能的方法,并通过模拟对典型数据融合算法进行分析.     

微流道交流电水力泵的数值模拟及优化

描述了微通道内交流电水力泵(EHD)的工作原理,并用IntelliSuite(R)的Microfluidic模块对电水力泵进行数值模拟.并分析了影响电水力泵速度场分布的因素,包括流体电导率、驱动交流电频率和相位、电极维度以及电极间隙和数量等.通过数值模拟不同参数下的电水力泵,比较驱动压力大小,最后给出优化的设计结果,为给电水力泵设计参数的选择提供依据.本文对流道长度为5mm,宽0.4mm,厚度0.4mm的电水力泵做了优化设计的数值模拟,最后得到驱动电极宽度为0.01mm,电极间距为0.02mm.     

Dithiobissuccinimidyl propionate as an anchor for assembling peroxidases at electrodes surfaces and its application in a H2O2 biosensor

Exposure of gold surfaces to solutions of dithiobis N-succinimidyl propionate (DTSP) gives rise to the modification of the surface with N-succinimidyl-3-thiopropionate (NSTP) which can, in turn, react with amino groups allowing for the covalent immobilization of enzymes such as horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The coverage of NSTP has been estimated to be of the order of 1.3 x 10(-10) from the charge consumed during its reductive desorption. The binding reaction of HRP with NSTP modified gold surfaces has been studied with the quartz crystal microbalance, and the results suggest that the immobilization process involves two steps in which the first (faster) appears to correspond to the rapid incorporation of the enzyme whereas the second is likely due to the slow incorporation of additional enzyme and/or reorganization of the immobilized layer. Spectrophotometric and electrochemical assays indicate that the immobilized HRP retains its enzymatic activity after immobilization onto the DTSP modified gold surface. The amount of immobilized (and active) HRP was estimated from QCM and spectrophotometric measurements to be of the order of 1.5 x 10(-11) mol/cm2. A peroxide biosensor was developed making use of a gold surface modified with DTSP and HRP employing Os and Ru complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline 5,6-dione (phen-dione) of the type [M(phendione)x(L)3-x]+2 (where L = 1,10-phenanthroline or 2,2'-bipyridine, x = 1-3) as mediators with the quinone moieties being the active component. The efficiency of the mediators increased with increasing number of phendione ligands.     

Evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo performance of two sustained-release lithium carbonate matrix tablets. Effect of different diets on the bioavailability

Two sustained-release (SR) lithium carbonate (Li) matrix tablets, which use a hydrophilic (HP) matrix of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (Methocel 4K MP) and a lipid (L) matrix of hydrogenated castor oil (Cutina HR) as sustaining agents, have been studied. In vitro performance through dissolution tests in different media was established. The L and HP formulations were affected by the composition of the dissolution media, and liberation was complete in 8 hr using a variable-pH medium that simulates the gastrointestinal (Gl) pH. Liberation was better described by the diffusional model of the square root of time for the L matrix and by zero-order kinetics for the HP matrix. Absolute bioavailability (BA) and food-induced changes on BA of both formulations were studied. The in vivo study design was a 4 x 4 Latin square involving 12 subjects who received two tablets of a 300-mg dose of SR formulations while fasting or with a standardized normal, high-fat, or high-fat/high-protein meal. The results for both formulations showed no differences in the disposition parameters and mean residence time when the tablets were administered with any type of diet. Changes in rate of absorption were found when both types of tablets were administered with any class of diet. The analysis of the ratio Cmax/AUC (area under the curve) evidenced that changes in Cmax were attributable to a higher rate of absorption for the HP matrix and to a higher amount absorbed for the L matrix. In the last, high-fat and high-fat/high-protein diets produced higher AUCs than under fasting condition. The SR Li tablets formulated with hydrogenated castor oil were affected more by high-fat food, probably because of the increase of pancreatic and biliary secretions promoted by the meal, which would affect the matrix itself. The HP matrix was also affected, but to a lesser extent. The magnitude of the change in Cmax observed with this matrix probably is not important from a clinical point of view. Absolute BA was very low for the lipid matrix; in addition, since it is more seriously affected by food, probably it is not a good choice for a drug such as lithium. The in vivo behavior of the HP matrix makes it advisable to invest in efforts to achieve increased BA. Comparing in vitro and in vivo results, the focus should be achieving sustained, but complete, in vitro liberation in not more than 3 hr, with simulation of the transit time through the stomach and small bowel since lithium ion is only absorbed to this point.     

Field improvement in a uniaxial centered lens composed of two stacked-volume holographic elements

Arrangements are described for the recording of volume holograms with two sections that, when stacked together, work as uniaxial centered lenses and allow one to solve the problem of angular selectivity in the imaging of wide objects. The performance of such systems is examined qualitatively, and suggestions aimed at improving these designs are proposed.     

Temporal Talbot effect in fiber gratings and its applications

We show that a temporal effect equivalent to the spatial Talbot effect (self-imaging) applies to the reflection of periodic pulse trains from linearly chirped fiber gratings (LCFG's). For specific input repetition periods the reflected signal is an exact replica of the input signal. Input repetition period values that give rise to this effect depend on the dispersion coefficient of the grating. We propose to use this effect as an alternative for dispersion measurement in LCFG's. Furthermore, by using the properties of the temporal Talbot effect, we can design linear passive devices (LCFG's) for use as frequency multipliers, able to multiply the repetition rate of a given pulse train.     

一种多参数优化的联合信源信道编码方法*

针对JPEG2000码流的渐进传输特性,提出了一种多参数优化的联合信源信道编码方法,即MPO-JSCC。在码率分配的基础上,动态地选择Turbo码交织长度、迭代译码次数,通过优化编码器多个参数更好地执行不等差错保护策略,同时加入JPEG2000容错工具,在接收端利用错误掩藏机制以提高图像解码成功率。将该方法应用于噪声信道的图像传输系统中,仿真结果表明,MPO-JSCC既能在不增加系统复杂度及延迟时间的同时提高重建图像的质量,又能节省系统发射功率,具有一定的现实指导意义。     

基于生物加密的认证机制

为克服传统认证技术在保护安全和隐私方面的不足,提出了一种基于生物加密的身份认证模型。运用生物加密技术对用户脸部特征和密钥进行保护,防止非授权用户的访问和非授权资源的使用。实验结果表明,尽管人的面部表情变化多端,基于生物加密技术的认证系统仍能正确区分真正的用户与仿冒用户,起到很好的认证效果,保证了安全通信。     

基于运动区域检测的运动目标跟踪算法*

针对传统基于模板匹配的运动目标跟踪算法存在着计算量大、模板漂移导致跟踪失败的问题,提出了一种基于运动区域检测的运动目标跟踪算法。该算法通过采用光流法对目标运动区域进行估计,计算出光流场区域的形心,确定待匹配图相匹配范围,再用模板框在已确定区域进行模板匹配跟踪。根据某开放实验室行人录像跟踪实验表明,本算法能够有效解决模板漂移问题,提高了跟踪实时性, 实现了视频对象目标的跟踪。     

一种有效的复杂地质体剖面图自动生成方法*

提出了一种基于平面隐函数的实体切割思想和区域自动识别技术的地质体剖面图生成方法。其主要步骤包括：采用平面隐函数实现平面和地质实体的求交运算,生成离散的交线;采用基于KD树的空间索引方法,确定交线的邻接关系,生成地质体轮廓线;封闭的轮廓线将平面划分为多个复杂的区域(内含孔、岛),采用图论的多叉树形式化表达区域存储和组织;最后对多叉树表示的区域进行矢量图案的填充。实验结果表明,该算法有较好的计算效率,是一种比较实用的地质体剖切方法。