基于多储能技术经济性比较的可再生能源发电系统多目标容量优化

研究基于蓄电池、熔盐储热、抽水蓄能及储氢技术经济性比较的可再生能源发电系统多目标容量优化。该容量优化模型以最小化平准化度电成本及失负荷率为目标,应用4种代表性多目标进化算法进行求解。提出基于超体积的多目标算法综合评价指标,此外考虑了储能运行特性及资源不确定性提高仿真计算的准确性。算法性能比较结果表明,非劣排序遗传算法的平均排序等级为1.6,其具有最优的综合性能;储能的定量技术经济性比较结果表明,不同可靠性条件下熔盐储热系统的经济性均为最优;不同负荷曲线及不同资源水平的敏感性分析验证了储能经济性比较结果的有效性。     

Physical and mechanical properties of materials prepared using Class C fly ash and soybean oil

In present work; epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), fly ash (FA) and natural clay (C) are used to produce 45 kinds of biocomposite materials and by analyzing the physical–mechanical properties of these novel materials, their use as an insulation material is investigated. The compressive strength, tensile strength, abrasion loss, thermal conductivity and oven-dry mass of each sample are measured. The minimum thermal conductivity of 0.273 W/mK is observed with the samples containing ESO–FA–C. It is increased with the decrease of ESO and FA. The compressive and tensile strengths are varied from 13.53 to 6.31 MPa and 1.287 to 0.879 MPa, respectively.     

Inverse spectral problem for Dirac operator with discontinuous coefficient and polynomials in boundary condition

In this work, the inverse scattering problem for Dirac equations system with discontinuous coefficient and higher order polynomials of spectral parameter in the boundary condition is considered. The scattering function of the problem is defined, and its properties are investigated. The Marchenko-type main equation is obtained and it is shown that the potential is uniquely recovered by the scattering function. A generalization of Marchenko method is given for a class of Dirac operator.     

5,10,15-三苯基-20-{间-[2-(5,10,15-三苯基-20-间胺苯卟啉基)]胺苯基}邻苯二甲酰基卟啉及其双金属钯配合物的合成与表征

报道了标题化合物（α-PhACBTPP）其双金属钯配合物的合成,并通过紫外可见光谱、红外光谱、核磁共振氧谱和元素分析等手段进行了结构表征。     

The Value of Snow Depletion Forecasting Methods Towards Operational Snowmelt Runoff Estimation Using MODIS and Numerical Weather Prediction Data

Forecasting streamflow mainly due to snowmelt in the mountainous eastern part of Turkey is important in terms of effective management of water resources at the headwaters of Euphrates River, where large dam reservoirs are located. Monitoring Snow Covered Area (SCA) and modeling snowmelt forms the backbone of the forecasting studies as the snowmelt dominating runoff constitutes approximately 2/3 of total annual volume of runoff during spring and early summer. Two main motivations of the study are; firstly, to assess the methodologies to forecast SCA using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data and derive Snow Depletion Curve (SDC) for each elevation zone. Secondly, to forecast 1?day ahead daily discharges using the derived SDCs and Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) data corrected specifically for the area. The Upper Euphrates Basin (10,275?km²) is selected as the pilot basin and MODIS daily snow cover products are analyzed for the snowmelt season. Four different methodologies are proposed and assessed to forecast SDCs; simple averaging, temperature based, stochastic modeling and probabilistic approach. SDCs are derived for the water years 2006?C2010, 4?years data are used to derive the equations of the methodologies and 1?year is used to verify their skills. Forecasting discharges 1?day ahead with Snowmelt Runoff Model using NWP data is the second part of the study. Impact of forecasted SDCs with different methodologies is examined with the model. Model applications provide promising results both for the forecasting of SCA and runoff with an overall Model Efficiency higher than 0.60 and 0.85, respectively.     

Ecological materials and methods in the textile industry: Atmospheric‐plasma treatments of naturally colored cotton

Naturally colored cotton, in accordance with currently increasing interest in ecological textile products and methods, has increased in popularity. Commerce is another of the primary reasons along with interest in environmentally friendly and niche‐concept approaches. However, the color palette is limited; no bleaching or dyeing process is used. Instead, only a pretreatment to make the fibers hydrophilic is necessary. This can be induced with several different methods. In this respect, atmospheric‐plasma treatments have emerged as an alternative. In this study, knitted and naturally colored cotton fabrics were treated with argon and air atmospheric plasma. The hydrophilicity, wickability, surface friction coefficient, air permeability, water vapor permeability, thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, and fastness were investigated. The surfaces of untreated and plasma‐treated fabrics were analyzed with Fourier transform infrared/attenuated total reflectance and scanning electron microscopy to detect and compare the chemical and morphological modifications. The results revealed that atmospheric‐plasma treatments are capable of modifying the surface of naturally colored cotton fabrics without any important loss in the color strength or fastness and thermal properties. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Production of nitric oxide (NO) by lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented products

In this study, the bacteria which were isolated from various milk and fermented food products were tested for their ability to convert metmyoglobin to nitrosomyoglobin. Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from samples of raw milk, unsalted butter, Beyaz cheese, yoghurt, pickles and silage. The nitric oxide (NO) forming abilities of 1534 isolates were tested using plates of de Man, Rogosa, Sharpe agar supplemented with metmyoglobin (MRS-Mb). Ten isolates formed bright red colonies, brown or clear zones due to the conversion of metmyoglobin to nitrosomyoglobin were identified. Five of the 10 bacteria were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum, three as Pediococcus acidilactici, and two as Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum. NO formation ability was measured in MRS-Mb broth. There were differences not only among the species, but also among the strains of a species. The highest NO concentrations of 51.5, 51.3, 50.2 μM were produced by P. acidilactici S2, L. plantarum T119, and P. acidilactici S3, respectively.     

纤维素LiC1/DMAc溶液法制备纤维素薄膜

为进一步研发溶剂法制备纤维素薄膜的新工艺,以LiCl/DMAc为纤维素溶剂,溶解棉浆粕得到均匀透明的纤维素LiCl/DMAc溶液,采用湿法工艺制备纤维素薄膜.用红外光谱、扫描电镜及X射线衍射等分析方法对薄膜结构进行表征.考察制膜液中纤维素浓度、凝固浴种类、凝固浴中LiCl/DMAc浓度及凝固浴温度对薄膜力学性能的影响,...     

Investigation of wind characteristics and assessment of wind-generation potentiality in Uludağ-Bursa,Turkey

In this study, wind characteristic and wind energy potential of the Uluda? skinning which is located in the south Marmara region of Turkey were analyzed using the wind speed data collected during the period 2000–2006. The wind speed distribution curves of Uluda?-Bursa were obtained by using the Weibull and Rayleigh probability density functions. The average Weibull shape parameter k and scale parameter c were found as 1.78 and 7.97 m/s for the period 2000–2006. The yearly mean wind speed in Uluda?-Bursa was obtained as 7.08 m/s for period of 7 years. A technical and economic assessment has been made of electricity generation from four wind turbines having capacity of (600, 1000, 1500 and 2000 kW). The yearly energy output, capacity factor and the electrical energy cost of kW h produced by the three different turbines were calculated. The cost of each kW h produced using the chosen wind turbines in Uluda?-Bursa were found to between 0.255 and 0.306 $/kW h.