Novel taste facilitation of the association of visual cues with toxicosis in rats.

Conducted 3 experiments with 118 male Long-Evans rats to examine the conditions under which rats rapidly learn to avoid ingesting visually distinctive food objects associated with toxicosis. It was found that the presence of a novel taste associated with a visually distinctive food object facilitated acquisition of visual-cue/toxicosis associations. Further experiments failed to support either higher order conditioning or sensory preconditioning models of this phenomenon. Results are discussed in terms of species differences in the conditions under which attention is directed to visual cues associated with ingesta. The implications of these findings for the existence of visual aposematisms (warning colors) in naturally occurring toxic species are also examined. (20 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Utilisation de l'argile expansee pour preparer des betons de ciment et des betons bitumineux

This paper presents the main types of lightweight aggregates used in Rumania, insisting on the characteristics and the utilization of expanded clay. The physical and mechanical characteristics and the use of the cement concrete and asphalt concrete, both prepared with expanded clay, are also presented.     

500nA电源监控器延长便携式应用电池寿命

通过实际应用电路展示,介绍了采用LTC2934和LTC2935超低功率监控器提供准确电压监视和微处理器控制,从而实现便携应用电池寿命的延长。     

Trust and community: Exploring the meanings,contexts and dynamics of community renewable energy

Community renewable energy projects have recently been promoted and supported in the UK by government policy. A community approach, it is argued in the rhetoric of both government and grassroots activists will change the experience and outcomes of the energy sustainable technology implementation. In this paper, we consider how interpersonal and social trust is implicated in the different meanings given to community in RE programmes and projects, and in the qualities and outcomes that are implied or assumed by taking a community approach. We examine how these meanings play out in examples of projects on the ground, focusing on two contrasting cases in which the relationships between those involved locally have exhibited different patterns of cohesiveness and fracture. We argue that trust does have a necessary part to play in the contingencies and dynamics of community RE projects and in the outcomes they can achieve. Trust between local people and groups that take projects forward is part of the package of conditions which can help projects work. Whilst trust may therefore be functional for the development of community RE and potentially can be enhanced by the adoption of a community approach, this cannot be either assured or assumed under the wide diversity of contexts, conditions and arrangements under which community RE is being pursued and practiced.     

Catalytic deoxygenation of liquid biomass for hydrocarbon fuels

Liquid biomass such as methyl laurate and canola oil is deoxygenated with hydrogen and NiMo/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst. Oxygen from methyl laurate and canola oil is removed at 18.25–85.13 bar initial cold hydrogen pressure and 300–400 °C, using a 316 stainless steel batch reactor. Removal of oxygen from liquid methyl laurate and canola oil is evaluated with a GC/MS analyzer for liquid reaction products and another GC for gaseous reaction products. The range of reaction duration of liquid biomass in the batch reactor is 30–60 min under the deoxygenation conditions. Conversion of liquid biomass into gaseous products is evaluated with analysis data of gas products and a mass balance in terms of hydrogen.The objective of this research is to develop an efficient method of removing oxygen from liquid biomass to produce petroleum-comparative liquid hydrocarbons with hydrogen and a catalyst.Removal of oxygen from bio-based fuels for liquid hydrocarbon fuel is needed to increase its energy intensity, stability, and decrease its viscosity. In this paper, removal of oxygen from methyl laurate and canola oil is discussed in detail in terms of various oxygen removal conditions such as reaction temperature and pressure, catalyst amount, and hydrodynamics of heterogeneous reaction mixture in the batch reactor.     

Optimization of Root Section for Ultra-long Steam Turbine Rotor Blade

This study presents the comparison of aerodynamic performances of two successive designs of the root profiles for the ultra-long rotor blade equipped with a straight fir-tree dovetail. Since aerodynamic and strength requirements laid upon the root section design are contradictory, it is necessary to aerodynamically optimize the design within the limits given by the foremost strength requirements. The most limiting criterion of the static strength is the size of the blade cross-section, which is determined by the number of blades in a rotor and also by the shape and size of a blade dovetail. The aerodynamic design requires mainly the zero incidence angle at the inlet of a profile and in the ideal case ensures that the load does not exceed a limit load condition. Moreover, the typical root profile cascades are transonic with supersonic exit Mach number, therefore, the shape of a suction side and a trailing edge has to respect transonic expansion of a working gas. In this paper, the two variants of root section profile cascades are compared and the aerodynamic qualities of both variants are verified using CFD simulation and two mutually independent experimental methods of measurements (optical and pneumatic).