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861.
In far-field ultrasonic welding of plastic parts the distance between the ultrasonic horn and the joint is greater than 6 mm. This study investigated the farfield ultrasonic welding of amorphous (acrylo butadiene styrene and polystyrene) and semicrystalline (polyethylene and polypropylene) polymers. Far-field welding worked well for amorphous polymers. Weld strength improved substantially with increasing amplitude of vibration at the joint interface. Increasing the weld pressure and/or the weld time also resulted in higher weld strengths. Far-field ultrasonic welding was not successful for semicrystalline polymers. The parts melted and deformed at the horn/part interface with little or no melting at the joint interface. A model for wave propagation in viscoelastic materials, which was developed to predict the vibration amplitude experienced at the joint interface, indicates that increasing the length of the samples to a half a wavelength should improve the far-field welding of semicrystalline polymers by maximizing the amplitude of vibration at the joint interface. 相似文献
862.
The flow pattern in a silo is important because it affects both the recovery of solids and the pressures on the silo wall during discharge. Wherever mass flow is not achieved, the boundary of the flow channel has significant implications for both the functional and structural design of the silo. Many techniques have been used for the study of flow patterns in model silos, but most cannot be used at full scale, and very few quality measurements at full scale have ever been made. This paper outlines a full scale experimental study in which the patterns of solids flow and the flow channel boundaries are reliably quantified.The full scale silo was specially designed, constructed and instrumented to exhibit funnel flow and to make observations of the solids flow pattern and the silo wall pressures. It had three outlets: one concentric, one fully eccentric and one in between. Three materials were used: iron ore pellets, slag fines and crushed basalt. This paper describes experiments involving iron ore pellets. The silo was seeded with radio frequency tags whose residence times were measured by detecting them on exit during discharge. The residence time data were studied to deduce the discharge flow pattern. This paper presents the results of three different flow pattern interpretation techniques: the best of them (mass-time relationships) is shown to give a very clear identification of the solids flow pattern and the flow channel boundary. 相似文献
863.
苏·乙酰对小菜蛾的生测及药效试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
乙酰甲胺磷与苏云金杆菌按一定比例混配有增效作用。按筛选的配方制成的20.6%苏·乙酰可湿性粉剂对小菜蛾的LC50为51.70 mg/ml,其80 g/667m2处理对小菜蛾药后3d的防效为92.23%,药后7 d的防效为90.34%,药后10 d的防效为81.16%,有较好的速效性及持效性。 相似文献
864.
865.
炼厂外排污水回用于循环冷却水腐蚀影响因素初探 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
从单因素、多因素和复杂水系考察了炼厂外排污水回用于循环冷却水腐蚀的影响因素,结果表明,碳钢腐蚀的主要影响因素取决于离子特性、氧化膜的形成和溶解氧的扩散等综合协同作用,其中以离子特性的,影响为最大(如:Cl^-、Ca^2 、CO3^2-的腐蚀性较强)。碳钢腐蚀反应又可由以上三种主要影响因素分为三个反应控制区,而当电导率在0.1-2.0mS/cm范围时,其水质属于腐蚀危险高发区。从而也进一步说明水质的低电导率处理,其防腐效果并不理想,相反在高电导率情况下却表现出相对较好的低腐蚀性能。 相似文献
866.
867.
The chemical composition and quantitative molar ratios among all components of biodegradable polyphosphoester copolymers of DL ‐lactide and ethylphosphate were determined by a comprehensive set of NMR spectroscopic methods. The polyphosphoester copolymers studied were synthesized using condensation polymerization of oligomeric DL ‐lactide prepolymers and ethyl dichlorophosphate. Conclusive identification of the chemical shift patterns of all functional groups in the copolymers required additional NMR methods such as 31P‐NMR and two‐dimensional 1H–1H COSY NMR, in addition to the synthesis and comparative NMR analysis of model compounds possessing identical phosphoester linkages in the polyphosphoester copolymers. For the polymers synthesized using the bulk polycondensation process, 1H–1H COSY NMR analysis revealed the presence of a small amount of side products that were undetected by 1H‐NMR alone. These side reactions most likely occurred between the pendant ethoxy group of the phosphoesters and the hydrogen chloride gas generated in the bulk polycondensation process. 31P‐NMR spectra of the copolymers revealed a consistent triple‐peak pattern characteristic of phosphoesters linked to a racemic mixture of D,L ‐lactides. These results offered new insight into the side reactions occurring in bulk polymerization of polyphosphoesters and provided a powerful tool of characterizing complex biodegradable polymers. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 4021–4031, 2003 相似文献
868.
Huili Chen Yanbo Wu Yunfei Cheng Hong Yang Fuyou Li Pin Yang Chunhui Huang 《Inorganic chemistry communications》2007,10(12):1413-1415
Spectroscopic studies revealed that the compound [N,N′-di(quinoline-2-methylene) -1,2-phenylenediimine] (1) exhibited a rather high selectivity toward Zn2+ over other metal ions, even Cd2+. In acetonitrile, the red shift of fluorescent emission from 396 nm to 426 nm upon zinc binding is due to the formation of a 1:1 metal/ligand complex. 相似文献
869.
Atom transfer radical polymerization of n‐butyl methacrylate (BMA) was conducted in an aqueous dispersed system with different kinds of copper complexes. The partitioning behavior of the copper complexes, including CuCl/4,4′‐di(5‐nonyl)‐2,2′‐bipydine (dNbpy), CuCl2/dNbpy, CuCl/2,2′‐bipydine (bpy), CuCl2/bpy, CuCl/bis(N,N′‐dimethylaminoethyl)ether (bde), and CuCl2/bde between the monomer (BMA), and water was studied in detail with ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy. The results show that with a less hydrophobic ligand, such as bpy or bde, most of the Cu(I) or the Cu(II) complexes migrated from the BMA phase to the aqueous phase, the atom transfer equilibrium was destroyed, and the polymerization was nearly not controlled; it converted to classical emulsion polymerization. As to the very hydrophobic ligand dNbpy, although the partitioning study of the copper complexes indicated that not all the copper species were restricted to the organic phase, the linear correlation between the molecular weight and the monomer conversion and the narrow polydispersities confirmed that the polymerization was still quite well controlled. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 3175–3179, 2003 相似文献
870.
基坑开挖与周围环境相互影响,而邻近建筑物对基坑支护体系局部破坏的影响鲜有研究。通过内撑式排桩支护砂土基坑模型试验,研究了坑外有、无建筑物两种情况下基坑开挖、支撑局部破坏和桩后砂土渗漏对内撑式排桩基坑支护体系受力及变形性能的影响。试验结果表明:受邻近建筑物的影响,随基坑逐渐开挖,平行于邻近建筑物长边的支护桩桩顶水平位移增大,而垂直于邻近建筑物长边的支护桩桩顶水平位移减小,同时基坑中部内支撑轴力明显增大,角撑次之,边撑反而减小;邻近建筑物对平行于建筑物长边的支护桩桩身弯矩及反弯点影响较大,而对垂直于建筑物长边的支护桩桩身弯矩影响较小;局部内支撑破坏引起的坑外地面沉降较小,而内支撑连续破坏导致坑外地面产生显著沉降,影响范围为0.12~0.23倍开挖深度,同时临近的未失效支撑轴力显著增大,易引发连续破坏;邻近建筑物对平行于建筑物长边的支护桩桩身弯矩影响较大,对垂直于建筑物长边的支护桩桩身弯矩影响较小。当桩后砂土出现渗漏时,对平行于邻近建筑物长边的支护桩影响更为明显。 相似文献