闪速炉反应塔炉壁温度场的数值解析

为了研究闪速炉反应塔壁面温度分布，采用数值模拟的方法建立了塔壁传热的数学模型，并得到壁面温度场的二维解析结果。反应塔上部及下部壁面温度分布均匀，挂渣稳定；水套冷却区域温度梯度大，局部炉衬温度变化剧烈，挂渣易受炉内影响而发生变化。     

An Analysis on the Transaction Costs of Water Markets under DPA and UPA Auctions

The potential revenues of water right transactions can be substantial in theory, but the actual receipts are generally limited in practice. This difference is attributable to the presence of other factors influencing the operation of water markets. In this paper, we study the discriminatory-price and the uniform-price sealed-bid procurement auction for divisible items in water right trade wherein commissions define the costs of transactions. We further analyze the quantitative relationships between transaction costs and the revenues of sellers, buyers, and of the auction site. The findings indicate that transaction costs do not affect the margins of bidders because of reluctance to raise quotations. The bidders bear the commissions but impose the transaction costs outwardly on the seller who as a result suffers from reduced revenues. Of the two types the uniform-price auction generates more revenue for sellers than the discriminatory-price auction.     

A microstructure for in situ determination of residual strain

This work presents a new strain sensor with a compact structure. The strain sensor comprises of a pair of cantilever beams with different lengths connected by a short tip. The residual strain causes two beams to deflect each other, thereby magnifying the deflection, which is measured by the tip. The displacement is independent of both Young's modulus and the film's thickness. An analytical model is derived to relate the measured displacement to residual strain. Finite-element modeling is also used to analyze the model. This work also thoroughly considers other factors that influence the designs and the implicit limitations of the strain sensors. Experimental results with an SiO₂ film as well as undoped LPCVD polysilicon films are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed structure     

Channel capacity in time sharing multiple-access flat fadingchannels employing variable rate M-QAM transmitter

An approach for obtaining channel capacity when rate adaptive transmitters with co-ordination among all users are time sharing flat fading channels for transmission is presented. This channel capacity is obtained when only the mobile that observes the best channel condition is assigned to transmit at any time. Channel capacity in general gamma fading channels is computed     

Plasticized properties of poly (lactic acid) and triacetine blends

Systematically investigations of the plasticizing effects of triacetine (TAc) on crystallization, chain mobility, microstructure, and tensile properties of the Poly (lactic acid)/triacetine (PLA/TAc) blends are reported. A new transition hump was observed on the tan δ curve of PLA_xTAc_y specimens at temperatures ranging from ?80 to ?20°C. Thermal, wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) and dynamic mechanical analysis properties of PLA and PLA_xTAc_y series specimens suggest that PLA and PLA_xTAc_y series specimens can hardly crystallize by cooling the melt in room temperature. However, significant recrystallization of α form PLA crystals was found during the annealing processes of PLA_xTAc_y series specimens. Some “less perfect” β form PLA crystals were found as the TAc contents of PLA_xTAc_y specimens reach 30 wt %. Further morphological analysis show that the inherent brittle deformation behavior of the PLA specimen was successfully transformed into relatively ductile fracture behavior after blending sufficient but optimum amounts of TAc in PLA resins. Possible reasons accounting for this interesting recrystallization, thermal, microstructure and tensile properties of PLA_xTAc_y specimens are proposed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

高效、节能、低污染的新型连续电弧炉

世界上第1台高效节能型连续电弧炉（环形竖炉）已在希腊投入运行，由于连续加料及炉料被炉子排出的废热气连续加热，所以其运行成本只有普通电弧炉的42%，另外的优点是：排出的烟尘非常少、低噪音、低电压闪变以及低的电能消耗。     

Effect of Particle Deposition on Granular Aerosol Filtration: A Comparative Study of Methods in Evaluating and Interpreting Experimental Data

Three methods which can be applied to extract quantitative information on the effect of deposition on filter performance from effluent concentration and pressure drop data were developed. It was found that all three methods are capable of describing the deposition effect in terms of the amount of deposited particles. Furthermore, the method of extrapolation was found to give the most consistent, if not the most accurate, interpretation of experimental data.     

Observation on Defects in Poly-Si Films Prepared by RTCVD Under Nonideal Conditions

Polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) thin films were deposited on quartz substrates by rapid thermal chemical vapor deposition (RTCVD) under nonideal conditions. Then, crystallographic defects in the poly-Si films were investigated by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and optical microscopy combined with defect etching. We found that as-deposited poly-Si films contain a lot of twin crystals, including first-order, second-order, third-order, and higher-order twinned crystals. Besides twinned crystals, stacking faults, dislocations, dislocation nets, dislocation loops, extended dislocations, and dislocation line arrays were also found. Finally, the origins of the defects were analyzed, being attributed to the peculiarities of the RTCVD-quartz growth system, stress caused by lattice and thermal mismatch, a huge temperature ramp, and nonideal deposition conditions. Although our experimental results cannot represent the crystallographic quality of poly-Si films prepared by RTCVD, they at least indicate what kinds and how many defects exist in poly-Si films when deposition conditions severely deviate from the optimum.