用CAD方法实现铸造砂芯设计

根据组合机床中大型铸铁件的特点，首先提出了砂芯分类及设计原则，开发了砂芯设计程序模块，通过人机对话，自动生成砂芯工艺图。     

Nano-milling on monocrystalline copper: A molecular dynamics simulation

Nano-milling is a promising technique for making miniaturized ultraprecision components. However, its underlying material removal mechanism is unclear and the accurate prediction of its performance is lacking. This study performs a systematic molecular dynamics analysis to reveal the material removal in the nano-milling of monocrystalline copper. It was found that the grooves by nano-milling, regardless of the machining parameters used, have two common features: (i) the groove top edge distortion is due to the effects of surface energy and high strain rate and (ii) the groove profile at the outlet side of the tool rotation aligns more closely with the designed geometry as a result of the atom flow variation and residual stress distribution. A dimensional analysis showed that the cutting speed factor and groove dimension factor significantly influence the specific energy and material removal rate in nano-milling. The groove quality can be improved by increasing the groove dimension factor or by decreasing the cutting speed factor. Finally, a machinability chart was developed for quality nano-milling processes.     

Mo、Ni含量与Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷组织和性能之间的关系

本文研究了Mo、Ni含量对Ti（C，N）基金属陶瓷组织和性能的影响．结果表明，Mo、Ni含量对组织和性能有很大影响，化学成分决定了组织和性能．     

Monel合金表面激光熔覆Ni基稀土合金空蚀性能

采用激光熔覆技术在Monel 400合金表面制备Ni基稀土合金熔覆层。利用SEM、EDS、XRD、显微硬度计及超声波金属材料空蚀仪等设备对熔覆层的组织形貌、相结构、硬度、空蚀性能及失效机制进行了系统研究。结果表明:Y_2O_3细化了熔覆层的组织,其组织主要由γ-Ni固溶体、Ni_3B和高硬度的Cr_(23)C_6和Cr_7C_3组成,熔覆层平均硬度可达9040MPa,抗空蚀性能是Monel400合金的8.7倍,熔覆层空蚀过程失效机制主要为枝晶干的冲蚀剥落,Ni基稀土合金熔覆层的细晶强化及空蚀过程中产生阻断晶界网状结构是提高其耐空蚀性能的关键。     

γ-TiAl合金表面Al2O3/Al复合涂层的抗高温熔盐腐蚀性能研究

采用磁控溅射技术于γ-TiAl合金表面制备Al₂O₃/Al复合涂层。在850 °C下、 100 wt.% Na₂SO₄熔盐中观测Al₂O₃/Al复合涂层的高温腐蚀行为。结果表明,Al₂O₃/Al复合涂层具备由Al₂O₃表层、富Al中间层以及互扩散层组成的梯度结构,因而有效地提高了基体γ-TiAl合金的抗高温腐蚀性能。在腐蚀实验后,涂层试样表面相结构为Al₂O₃,TiO₂和TiAl₃。致密的Al₂O₃/Al复合涂层有效地抑制了O_2-,S_-和Na₊对基体γ-TiAl合金的侵蚀。并且,Al₂O₃/Al复合涂层的梯度结构亦使其表现出了优异的抗开裂和抗剥落性能。     

Interactions between TiAl alloys and yttria refractory material in casting process

In this work, U-shaped yttria ceramic crucibles have been prepared to melt Ti–47Al (at.%) alloy in a vacuum induction furnace, in order to simulate the worst practical situation with respect to the interactions between TiAl alloy and yttria refractory material. The effects of superheating temperature and cooling media on the metal–crucible interface, microstructure, chemical composition and microhardness have been evaluated. The investigation demonstrates that interactions between the yttria crucible and the molten TiAl consist of slight chemical dissolution and some physical erosion and the extent of the dissolution and erosion depend on the superheating temperature. The thermodynamics of TiAl–Y₂O₃ reactions have been investigated according to the calculation of the Gibbs free energy change of the yttria dissolution reaction. The possibilities of melting and casting TiAl alloys by the use of yttria refractory material are also discussed.     

Ni基高温自润滑涂层的显微结构及磨损性能

通过高能球磨、冷等静压及高频感应烧结在Ni基合金圆棒上成功制备HFIS304高温自润滑涂层。HFIS304成分(质量分数,下同)为NiCr(80/20)合金(60%),Cr2O3(20%),Ag(10%)和共晶BaF2/CaF2(10%)。HFIS304涂层组织致密,3种润滑相尺寸细小。研究表明,在室温到600℃的范围内,HFIS304涂层的耐磨性优于PS304涂层。     

2B06铝合金大气腐蚀过程的电化学噪声监测

采用电化学噪声EN（electrochemical noise）技术和基于Compact RIO的分布式大气腐蚀便携式现场实时监测系统,对北京地区大气环境下2B06铝合金腐蚀过程进行长期监测,并对采集的电化学噪声信号进行统计分析,探索了电化学噪声方法在铝合金腐蚀现场监测方面的应用及腐蚀速率表征参数,从而对腐蚀进行预测并减小损失。结果表明：该系统可对铝合金的大气腐蚀过程进行现场实时监测,电化学噪声电阻Rn和电流噪声标准偏差SI可作为反映铝合金大气腐蚀速率的表征参数;长期监测结果显示北京地区的2B06铝合金在相对干燥的秋冬季节腐蚀较缓。     

硼对Al-20Si合金初晶硅的细化作用

研究了B对过共晶Al-20Si合金中初晶Si的细化作用.结果表明,B对Al-20Si合金中初晶Si具有良好的细化作用.初晶Si尺寸先随B含量的增加而减小,当B含量为0.065%时初晶Si尺寸达到最小,之后,随B含量的增加而增大;添加微量的Ca和Mg可促进B对初晶Si的细化作用;C_2Cl_6精炼除气会削弱B对初晶Si的细化效果.B与Ca、Mg等元素能反应生成可作为Si异质核心的化合物可能是B具有细化初晶Si作用的原因.     

Mo-30Cu合金的组织与性能

采用液相烧结法制备出Mo-30Cu合金,利用XRD,SEM,TEM等对该合金的组织进行分析观察,并研究烧结温度、相对密度对Mo-30Cu合金组织性能的影响.结果表明:该合金组织分布均匀,组织中只含有Mo、Cu两相,在两相之间有一Mo、Cu互溶区;烧结温度是影响Mo-30Cu性能的最重要因素,在1300℃烧结的合金相对密度为99.6%,热导率为196 W·(m·K)-1.