“两宽一高”地震资料在花岗岩潜山储层表征中的应用——以乍得邦戈盆地为例

随着乍得邦戈盆地在L-1井区的花岗岩潜山获得油气发现,在该区开展了“两宽一高”（宽方位、宽频带、高密度）的油气勘探地震资料采集处理解释一体化技术攻关。充分利用“两宽一高”地震资料的高信噪比、全方位观测、低频信号的强穿透能力和抗干扰能力等优势,有效提高了潜山顶面偏移成像质量,获得了丰富的潜山内幕信息,为花岗岩型潜山的储层表征和潜山目标评价奠定了良好基础。本文基于“两宽一高”地震资料提出了花岗岩潜山复杂储层表征技术,根据储层的储集空间组合特征、储层类型、岩石物理特征和对应的地震响应特征,将花岗质基岩潜山储层序列划分为风化淋滤带、缝洞发育带、半充填裂缝发育带和致密带;将裂缝型和孔隙型储层分类表征,孔隙型储层通过地震多属性融合和地震反演技术进行储层定性和定量预测,裂缝型储层结合区域构造特征,分别应用曲率体、相干和OVT域地震属性等进行裂缝识别与预测;综合裂缝预测和孔隙型储层预测结果进行储层评价和优质储层预测。该配套技术在乍得邦戈盆地的实践表明,应用“两宽一高”地震资料及针对性配套技术,能有效提高邦戈盆地花岗岩潜山储层预测的精度和勘探成功率,在B区块实施的潜山探井成功率高达79%。     

用介孔材料制备定向碳纳米管的研究进展

综述了近年来采用介孔材料制备定向碳纳米管的研究进展,包括介孔材料的合成及介孔材料在制备定向碳纳米管方面的应用。重点介绍了采用合成介孔材料的模板剂石墨化及介孔材料作为载体制备定向碳纳米管的方法,探讨了模板剂种类、催化剂的制备方法及反应温度和时间对定向碳纳米管生长的影响和定向碳纳米管生长的介孔限制机理,并提出了这一领域的研究方向。     

Photocatalytic Valorization of Plastic Waste over Zinc Oxide Encapsulated in a Metal–Organic Framework

The conversion of waste plastic into high-value-added chemicals is regarded as a promising approach for relieving global plastic pollution and contributing to the circular economy. Herein, a partial calcination strategy is developed to fabricate a zinc oxide/UiO66-NH₂ (ZnO/UiO66-NH₂) heterojunction, in which ZnO is encapsulated in porous UiO66-NH₂ for the photocatalytic valorization of plastic. This strategy preserves the framework structure of UiO66-NH₂, thus enabling the formation of ZnO with ultra-small size distributed inside the skeleton. The synergistic effect of the obtained ZnO/UiO66-NH₂ heterojunction facilitates providing an efficient channel for carrier/mass transfer and guarantees structural stability. As a result, ZnO/UiO66-NH₂ exhibits high activity for converting polylactic acid (PLA) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) into acetic acid, coupled with H₂ production. This work provides a feasible strategy for rationally designing heterojunction photocatalysts, as well as an insight into understanding the process of photocatalytic valorization of plastic.     

10.6μm激光对石英晶体的辐照效应

用连续波10.6μm CO2激光辐照石英晶体基片表面,利用X射线衍射分析仪、紫外-可见分光光度计、荧光光度计等对辐照前后晶体相变、透射-吸收特性和表面缺陷进行了测试、分析。研究表明,经10.6μm激光辐照后石英晶体样品表面的相结构发生了一定的转变,其吸收率降低而透射率增加,而且晶体表面缺陷得到一定的修复。石英晶体在CO2激光辐照下,经历了一个快速升温和降温的过程,较高温度及热应力作用是导致石英晶体表面微观结构及光学性能变化的主要原因。     

Moisture Sensitive Smart Yarns and Textiles from Self‐Balanced Silk Fiber Muscles

Smart textiles that sense, interact, and adapt to environmental stimuli have provided exciting new opportunities for a variety of applications. However, current advances have largely remained at the research stage due to the high cost, complexity of manufacturing, and uncomfortableness of environment‐sensitive materials. In contrast, natural textile materials are more attractive for smart textiles due to their merits in terms of low cost and comfortability. Here, water fog and humidity‐driven torsional and tensile actuation of thermally set twisted, coiled, plied silk fibers, and weave textiles from these silk fibers are reported. When exposed to water fog, the torsional silk fiber provides a fully reversible torsional stroke of 547° mm^?1. Coiled‐and‐thermoset silk yarns provide a 70% contraction when the relative humidity is changed from 20% to 80%. Such an excellent actuation behavior originates from water absorption‐induced loss of hydrogen bonds within the silk proteins and the associated structural transformation, which are corroborated by atomistic and macroscopic characterization of silk and molecular dynamics simulations. With its large abundance, cost‐effectiveness, and comfortability for wearing, the silk muscles will open up additional possibilities in industrial applications, such as smart textiles and soft robotics.     

顶空固相微萃取-全二维气相色谱/飞行时间质谱测定三种芒果香气成分

本文采用顶空固相微萃取(Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction,HS-SPME)与全二维气相色谱/飞行时间质谱联用仪(Comprehensive Two-dimensional Gas Chromatograph/Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer,GC...     

基于叠加训练序列的低复杂度时变信道估计方案

与传统的时分/频分复用训练序列相比,采用叠加训练序列的传输方案可以有效地提高系统的频谱利用率。然而,叠加方案中训练序列与信息序列的相互干扰会造成系统性能的严重下降,如何有效消除信息干扰是提高信道估计性能的关键。该文针对时变衰落信道,首先提出一种新的基于一阶统计量信道估计算法。该算法利用基扩展模型(BEM)构建时变信道,通过时域分块平均的方法来抑制信息序列干扰。在此基础上,利用信息序列和训练序列经历相同信道衰落的特性,提出一种基于加权最小二乘(WLS)的迭代信道估计与检测方案。新方案利用 Kalman滤波检测器代替确定性最大似然(DML)检测器,将检测符号序列看作附加的“训练序列”用于信道估计,从而可以显著提高信道估计性能。仿真结果表明,新方案可以有效消除信息序列干扰,且性能和计算复杂度均优于现有的同类方案。     

铌酸钾钠基1-3型压电复合物的制备及其性能研究

采用传统固相法制备了在1 130℃下烧结而成的(K_0.45Na_0.55)_0.98Li_0.02(Nb_0.77Ta_0.18Sb_0.05)O₃(KNLNTS)无铅压电陶瓷。陶瓷致密度和电学性能较好,致密度达到98%,室温压电常数为308.7 pC/N,厚度振动机电耦合系数可达0.5,1 kHz时介电损耗为0.043。以上述KNLNTS基粉体为原料,利用切割填充法制备1-3型压电复合材料并研究了厚度对复合材料的性能影响。结果表明,复合材料的压电常数、厚度振动机电耦合系数均随厚度的增加而增加,介电损耗随厚度的增加而减少,而相对介电常数基本保持不变。